醋酸氯己定冲洗剂细菌内毒素检查法研究

目的建立醋酸氯己定冲洗剂细菌内毒素的检查方法。方法按2015年版《中国药典(四部)》通则1143内毒素检查法,建立醋酸氯己定冲洗剂细菌内毒素的检查方法,并使用2个厂家的鲎试剂进行方法验证。结果使用稀释剂Ⅰ将醋酸氯己定冲洗剂稀释2倍后,再用细菌内毒素检查用水稀释至8倍,可消除其对鲎试剂凝集反应的干扰,细菌内毒素限值为0.5EU/mL。结论该方法可用于醋酸氯己定冲洗剂细菌内毒素的检查,为可能导致鲎试剂中单价和二价离子缺失样品的细菌内毒素检查方法的建立提供参考。     

不同技术对弯曲根管根尖气锁去除效果的锥形束CT研究

目的： 比较4种不同技术对弯曲根管根尖区气锁的去除效果。方法： 40个45°弯曲模拟树脂根管经WaveOne Primary预备后,软蜡封闭根尖孔,所有样本随机分为4组（n=10）。通过30 G侧方开口冲洗针头将显影液注射入根管内,锥形束CT（cone-beam computer tomography,CBCT）扫描,计算根管内气锁体积,随后分别使用光诱导光声流（photon induced photoacoustic streaming, PIPS）激光荡洗法、牙胶尖法、超声荡洗法和声波荡洗法去除根管内气锁。CBCT扫描计算剩余气锁体积。结合根管内气锁体积和剩余气锁体积,计算气锁去除百分比,进一步计算初始和剩余气锁长度。结果：各组初始气锁体积差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。PIPS激光荡洗组的剩余气锁体积为0 mm3,牙胶尖组为(0.02±0.07) mm3,两组均显著小于超声组［(0.20±0.09) mm3)］和声波组［(0.23±0.06) mm3, P<0.001］。计算气锁去除百分比显示,PIPS激光荡洗组和牙胶尖组分别为100.00% (100.00%,100.00%)和100.00% (77.66%,100.00%), 亦显著高于超声荡洗组［70.37% (56.41%,91.43%)］和声波荡洗组［63.54% (51.47%, 74.00%),P<0.001］。剩余气锁长度方面,PIPS激光荡洗组是0 mm,牙胶尖组是(0.15±0.47) mm,两组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,但均显著小于超声组［(2.21±0.09) mm］和声波组［(2.34±0.08) mm,P<0.001］,超声组和声波组的剩余气锁长度约为荡洗锉尖到根尖孔的距离。结论：PIPS激光荡洗法和牙胶尖法能够有效去除弯曲根管根尖区气锁。     

Tissue Dissolution by a Novel Multisonic Ultracleaning System and Sodium Hypochlorite

Introduction

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel Multisonic Ultracleaning System (Sonendo Inc, Laguna Hills, CA) in tissue dissolution in comparison with conventional irrigation devices.

Methods

Pieces of bovine muscle tissue (68 ± 2 mg) were placed in 0.7-mL test tubes (height: 23.60 mm, inner diameter: 6.00 mm, outer diameter: 7.75 mm) and exposed to 5 minutes of irrigation by different devices. Endodontic devices included the Multisonic Ultracleaning System, the Piezon Master 700 (EMS, Dallas, TX) ultrasonic system with agitation, the EndoVac negative-pressure irrigation system (SybronEndo, Orange, CA), and a conventional positive-pressure 27-G irrigation needle at a flow rate of 10 mL/min. The systems were tested with 0.5%, 3%, and 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at room temperature (21°C) as well as 40°C. Irrigation with sterile water was used as a control. The mass of tissue specimens was measured and recorded before and after the use of each device, and if the specimen was completely dissolved visually within 5 minutes, the dissolution time was recorded. The rate of tissue dissolution (%/s) was then calculated.

Results

The Multisonic Ultracleaning System had the fastest rate of tissue dissolution (P < .05), at 1.0% ± 0.1% per second using 0.5% NaOCl, 2.3% ± 0.9% per second using 3% NaOCl, and 2.9% ± 0.7% per second using 6% NaOCl. This tissue dissolution rate was more than 8 times greater than the second fastest device tested (P < .01), the Piezon Master 700 ultrasonic system, which resulted in a tissue dissolution rate of 0.328% ± 0.002% per second using 6% NaOCl at 40°C. For all irrigation devices tested, the rate of tissue dissolution increased with a higher concentration and temperature of the NaOCl solution.

Conclusions

The novel Multisonic Ultracleaning System achieved a significantly faster tissue dissolution rate when compared with the other systems examined in vitro.     

中药外洗为主治疗上肢感染创面的临床观察

目的探讨中药外洗为主治疗上肢感染创面的临床疗效。方法 77例患者,随机分为治疗组41例和对照组36例。对照组外科常规换药,呋喃西林纱布湿敷创面,治疗组在对照组处理基础上,在感染急性期过后,换药前用中药外洗,再用中药液浸湿无菌纱布覆盖创面。两组均于3个疗程后统计疗效。结果治疗组痊愈22例,显效16例,总有效率92.7%,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论应用中药外洗为主治疗上肢感染创面,是一种行之有效的方法 。     

Modeling of tumor growth undergoing virotherapy

Tumor growth models subject to virotherapy treatment are analyzed and compared in this paper. Tumor growth conditions are obtained for each model type based on the virus infection rate and immune suppressive drug delivery. Equilibrium conditions resulted into quadratic functions for which the tumor radius remained constant during virotherapy. An irrigation tumor model for virotherapy treatment was also proposed. This model consists of irrigation layers distributed radially along the tumor and attached to a common blood circulation compartment. The irrigation model has similar dynamic and steady state characteristics to the diffusion model, which has been supported by experimental results. The irrigation model considers the immune system cell generation and consumption outside the tumor boundary but inside the blood circulation compartment. These characteristics provide a great potential for advanced cancer treatment applications because therapy dose delivery and immune system measurements can be made at the blood compartment level of the irrigation model.     

左半结肠癌梗阻急诊一期切除吻合术中两种肠道清洁方式的比较

目的探讨左半结肠急性恶性梗阻选择性一期切除吻合的简单、有效的术中肠道准备方式。方法 2000年1月至2009年12月收治左半结肠急性恶性梗阻63例,其中行选择性左半结肠一期切除吻合31例。根据术中肠道准备方式不同,把31例随机分为术中肠减压+结肠灌洗16例(A组)、单纯肠减压15例(B组),记录2组平均手术时间,术后吻合口漏发生率、手术感染率及手术死亡率。结果 A组手术时间为(230±20)min,手术感染率为31.3%。B组手术时间为(150±10)min,手术感染率为26.7%,两组均无吻合口漏及手术死亡病例。两组比较,平均手术时间差异有统计学意义(P0.01),手术感染率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论单纯充分肠减压在左半结肠急性梗阻选择性一期切除吻合的应用,是一种简单、有效、安全的术中肠道准备方式。     

两种不同温度膀胱冲洗液对老年TUVP患者的影响

目的：比较两种不同温度冲洗液对老年经尿道前列腺汽化电切术（TUVP）患者的影响。方法：将140例老年TURP患者随机分为等温组和室温组,各70例。观察组术中采用37℃恒温5%葡萄糖注射液灌洗膀胱,而室温组术中采用室温5%葡萄糖注射液。比较两组患者手术前后生命体征、血清内皮素-1（ET-1）水平的变化及术后两组不良反应发生的情况。结果：与术前比较,术毕时等温组的平均动脉压（MAP）明显降低、室温组的体温和MAP亦明显降低,有显著性差异（t=25.827、3.852、4.409,P〈0.01）;等温组术毕时体温显著高于室温组（t=12.914,P〈0.01）,而心率、MAP和ET-1水平两组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。等温组寒战和电切综合征（TURS）的发生率明显低于室温组（χ^2=30.179、5.833,P〈0.01或P〈0.05）。结论：采用37℃恒温5%葡萄糖注射液灌洗膀胱有助于预防老年TUVP患者术中低体温和减少术后并发症的发生。     

温盐水冲洗对妇科腹腔镜手术患者的效果干预及影响

目的探讨38℃温生理盐水冲洗对妇科腹腔镜手术患者的效果干预及影响。方法 50例行妇科腹腔镜患者随机分为两组,观察组25例患者术中应用恒温箱中38℃生理盐水冲洗,对照组25例患者术中常规给予室温下22～24℃生理盐水冲洗。结果观察组术后体温、肛门排气时间、疼痛评分方面与对照组比较,经统计学处理,差异有显著性(P0.05),但两组术前体温、手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间方面,经统计学分析差异无显著性(P0.05)。观察组术后并发症包括阴道残端感染、切口延期愈合、胃肠功能紊乱、血栓性静脉炎等,其发生率明显低于对照组并发症的发生率,经统计学处理差异有显著性(P0.05)。结论 38℃温生理盐水冲洗更好的促进腹腔镜患者的术后康复,可以改善患者术后的体温、肛门排气时间、疼痛评分。     

病灶清除加双贯通管灌洗术治疗股骨术后感染76例

目的 探索一种更为有效的灌洗术式,以提高对股骨术后感染的治疗效果. 方法 统计唐山市第二医院骨病科2001年3月-2008年5月收治并采用双贯通管灌洗术治疗的股骨术后感染患者76例,做同顾总结,从而探讨这种灌洗术的优缺点. 结果 76例患者术后伤口均Ⅰ期愈合,随访半年以上未见复发. 结论 双贯通管灌洗术在保证灌洗效果的同时,降低了灌洗管的脱落率和阻塞率,是对常规灌洗术的有效改良.     

前房冲洗在严重前房积脓性角膜溃疡的角膜移植术中应用

目的 探讨感染性角膜溃疡伴有大量前房积脓患者于角膜移植术前行前房冲洗的临床意义.方法 回顾性系列病例研究.2008年1月至2009年6月于山东省眼科医院接受手术的角膜溃疡伴有严重前房积脓的患者20例(20只眼),前房积脓均超过3 mm,其中13例患者伴有明显的角膜内皮斑,术前裂隙灯显微镜下病灶边缘难于判断.对20例患者采用前房穿刺冲洗联合穿透或板层角膜移植手术治疗.供体采用角膜中期保存液保存或甘油干燥冷冻保存.对术中与术后并发症、视力、免疫排斥反应等进行观察,随访时间术后6～12个月.结果 20例患者均成功行前房穿刺冲洗联合角膜移植手术,其中11只眼行穿透性角膜移植,9只眼行板层角膜移植.10例接受穿透性角膜移植的患者采用角膜中期保存液保存的供体角膜,其余10例患者采用甘油脱水冷冻保存的供体角膜.术中并发症主要为虹膜出血(11例),术后并发症主要包括部分虹膜后粘连(8例)、一过性眼压高(4例)、前房积血(5例),药物治疗均缓解.真菌复发1例,行扩大病灶切除再次穿透性角膜移植手术后感染控制.4例患者发生内皮型免疫排斥反应,3例抗排斥治疗后控制,1例发生植片混浊.至2009年12月最后随访,9例接受角膜中期保存液保存角膜供体患者的植片透明,1例植片水肿混浊;8例接受甘油脱水冷冻保存角膜供体患者的植片透明,2例植片水肿.结论 常规角膜移植前行前房穿刺冲洗,对严重前房积脓性角膜溃疡病灶边缘的判断和手术方式选择具有重要意义,可以提高手术的安全性.