毛发诱导结合自体毛囊单位移植技术进行毛发定向重建的研究

目的 将异位诱导形成的毛发组织进行移植,实现毛发的定向重建.方法 制备新生C57鼠的皮肤细胞悬液注射于裸鼠体内,诱导形成皮下异位毛发组织,取出后在体视显微镜下分离成单个毛囊单位,移植至裸鼠体表,并进行大体观察和组织学检测.结果 按照预定密度移植后的毛发成活良好并呈周期性生长,组织学可见各时期相应的毛囊形态.结论 诱导形成的毛发组织可以作为移植物,通过毛囊单位移植的方式,实现毛发组织密度和方向的可控性重建.     

Half clamping of the infrahepatic inferior vena cava reduces bleeding during a hepatectomy by decreasing the central venous pressure

Background and aims  Bleeding from the hepatic vein is closely related to central venous pressure (CVP). To evaluate the effect of low central venous pressure during a hepatectomy, the infrahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) was half clamped. Patients and methods  Between 2006 and 2007, 20 patients undergoing major hepatectomy with the IVC half clamping (half-clamping group) were compared with 58 patients undergoing hepatectomy without IVC half clamping between 2003 and 2005 (control group). The types of liver resection, amount of blood loss during the hepatectomy, volume of blood transfusion, length of hospital stay, and complications were compared between the two groups. Results  In the half-clamping group, blood loss was decreased in comparison to the control group (p = 0.041) and the suprahepatic CVP was low (2.4 ± 1.8 mmHg; p = 0.0002). The diameter at the root of the right hepatic vein was reduced in comparison to before clamping (5.8 ± 1.6 mm; p < 0.001). There were no complications of half clamping on any hemodynamic and blood electrolytic parameters. Conclusion  Using the half clamping technique of the IVC, intra-operative CVP was maintained below 3 mmHg without any side effects, and the low CVP significantly reduced the bleeding from hepatic veins during a major hepatectomy.     

脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A_2的影响因素及其研究价值

脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A_2(lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A_2,Lp-PLA_2)是近年来引起广泛关注的与动脉粥样硬化和缺血性心脑血管病密切相关的分子家族.研究表明,Lp-PLA_2活性和含量的增高与动脉粥样硬化和心脑血管病风险呈正相关,因此对Lp-PLA_2活性或含量的影响因素进行研究具有重要价值.     

Radiographic Bone Loss and Its Relation to Patient-Specific Risk Factors,LDL Cholesterol,and Vitamin D: A Cross-Sectional Study

The influence of patient-specific factors such as medical conditions, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) or levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) on periodontal diseases is frequently discussed in the literature. Therefore, the aim of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to evaluate potential associations between radiographic bone loss (RBL) and patient-specific risk factors, particularly LDL-C and 25OHD levels. Patients from a dental practice, who received full-mouth cone beam CTs (CBCTs) and blood-sampling in the course of implant treatment planning, were included in this study. RBL was determined at six sites per tooth from CBCT data. LDL-C and 25OHD levels were measured from venous blood samples. Other patient-specific risk factors were assessed based on anamnesis and dental charts. Statistical analysis was performed applying non-parametric procedures (Mann–Whitney U tests, error rates method). Data from 163 patients could be included in the analysis. RBL was significantly higher in male patients, older age groups, smokers, patients with high DMFT (decayed/missing/filled teeth) score, lower number of teeth, and high LDL-C levels (≥160 mg/dL). Furthermore, patients with high 25OHD levels (≥40 ng/mL) exhibited significantly less RBL. In summary, RBL was found to be associated with known patient-specific markers, particularly with age and high LDL-C levels.     

Weight Loss and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Reduce Systemic Inflammation in Monocytes and Adipose Tissue Macrophages from Obese Subjects

Background: Chronic low-grade systemic inflammation is a characteristic of obesity that leads to various non-communicable diseases. Weight loss and SCFAs are potential strategies for attenuating obese systemic inflammation. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 43 obese subjects (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) scheduled for laparoscopic bariatric sleeve surgery, 26 obese subjects at follow-up 12–18 months post-surgery and 8 healthy weight subjects (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m²). Monocytes were isolated from blood and adipose tissue macrophages from visceral adipose tissue of obese subjects only. Isolated cells stimulated with 1 ng/mL LPS and treated simultaneously with 300 mM of sodium acetate or 30 mM of sodium propionate or butyrate and supernatant were harvested after 15 h incubation. TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines were measured via ELISA and mRNA gene expression of FFAR2 and FFAR3, HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC9, RELA and NFKB1 and MAPK1 via RT-qPCR. Results: TNF-α and IL-6 production and NFKB1 and RELA mRNA expression were significantly decreased in follow-up subjects compared to baseline. SCFAs significantly reduced TNF-α and IL-6 and altered FFAR and HDAC mRNA expression in monocytes and macrophages from obese subjects. Conclusion: Weight loss and ex vivo SCFA treatments were successful in combatting systemic inflammation in obesity. Results highlighted molecular changes that occur with weight loss and as a result of SCFA treatment.     

5142例牙列缺失患者病例的回顾性研究

目的:了解近10年牙列缺失患者的牙列缺失特点及修复状况。方法:对北京口腔医院近10年来诊治的5142例牙列缺失患者的全部病历,进行回顾性研究。结果:牙列缺失就诊率在男女性别上无显著差异(P>0.05);上牙列牙列缺失病例数目明显多于下牙列牙列缺失病例数目(P<0.05);2001年至2005年来诊的牙列缺失患者比1996至2000年来诊的牙列缺失患者人数多、平均年龄高、牙槽嵴条件好、回医院复诊的平均次数多、满意度低(P<0.05);患者对外观的满意度比较高。结论:现在的患者与以前的患者相比较,就诊意识有了很大提高,对义齿的期望值增强,这就需要口腔修复科医师不断学习新知识,掌握新材料、新技术的应用,以满足患者高品位的需求。     

Crohn's Disease and Primary Alveolar Bone Loss A literature Review and Case Report

克罗恩病是一种病因尚不明确的慢性肠道炎性肉芽肿性疾病。偶有口腔组织受累,损害主要见于唇、颊黏膜及牙龈。本文报道一例有口腔病变的克罗恩病,24岁,男性,口腔溃疡不愈半年,伴有2月腹痛史。口腔溃疡活检病理诊断为克罗恩病。临床检查发现除了消化道病损、口腔溃疡、上颌窦黏膜增厚外,出现了罕见的广泛牙槽骨吸收,而患者无牙周病及激素用药史,这一特点在以前的文献中未见报道。     

复幼合剂对乳房早发育患儿减重效果队列研究

目的 探讨中药复幼合剂对乳房早发育患儿的减重效果。方法 回顾性收集规律随访时间超过6个月的乳房早发育的女童202例,根据有无应用复幼合剂分治疗组114例(用药超过6个月),对照组88例(未用药)。观察两组患儿治疗前后体格[包括体重、体重标准差评分(SDS)、身高、体重指数(BMI)、BMI SDS]及性发育指标[包括黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、雌二醇(E₂)、子宫长径及卵巢容积]情况。结果与本组治疗前比较,治疗组治疗3、6个月时,患儿体重SDS、BMI SDS均降低(P<0.05);用药3～6个月期间治疗组患儿体重、BMI控制程度,较用药前3个月减缓(P<0.05);治疗3个月时,对照组患儿LH、FSH、子宫长径逐渐升高(P<0.05);治疗6个月时,治疗组患儿FSH、E₂、卵巢容积降低(P<0.05),对照组患儿LH、FSH、E₂、子宫长径、卵巢容积逐渐升高(P<0.05)。与对照组同期比较,治疗组患儿体重、体重SDS、BMI、BMI SDS增长程度均降低(P<0.05...     

Intermittent Fasting: Potential Bridge of Obesity and Diabetes to Health?

Obesity has been an escalating worldwide health problem for decades, and it is likely a risk factor of prediabetes and diabetes. Correlated with obesity, the number of diabetic patients is also remarkable. A modest weight loss (5–10%) is critical to alleviate the risk of any other metabolic disease. Reduced energy intake has been an essential factor for weight loss reduction. As a new behavior intervention to lose weight, intermittent fasting (IF) attracts considerable attention and has become a popular strategy among young people. IF is a diet pattern that cycles between periods of fasting and eating on a regular schedule, involving various types, mainly Intermittent Energy Restriction and Time-Restricted Fasting. Accumulating evidence shows that short-term IF has a greatly positive effect in animal studies and contributes favorable benefits in human trials as well. Nevertheless, as an emerging, diverse, and relatively premature behavior intervention, there are still limited studies considering patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is also a controversial intervention for the treatment of metabolic disease and cancer. The risks and challenges appear consequently. Additionally, whether intermittent fasting can be applied to long-term clinical treatment, and whether it has side effects during the long-term period or not, demands more large-scale and long-term experiments.