Open rhinoplasty for treatment of nasal tip haemangioma

Haemangiomas are the most common tumours of infancy. They typically proliferate then involute with considerable variation as regards to their rates of proliferation and involution. Haemangioma of the nasal tip is a lesion of special characteristics. During proliferation, it expands, contracts and deviates the nasal cartilages. Particularly, it regresses slowly and frequently involutes incompletely. That is why excision of the lesion is frequently suggested. The present study was conducted to evaluate open rhinoplasty after initial non-excision treatment modalities namely, intra-lesional corticosteroid injections and laser treatment, as a protocol of treatment for nasal tip haemangiomas. Twelve patients with nasal tip haemangiomas were included in the present study. Patients of both sexes, of different ages, with deep and mixed haemangiomas were studied. Disfigurement was the constant presenting symptom. Initial non-excision treatment reported different responses as denoted by the regression of the lesions’ size. Haemangiomas constantly extended between the medial crura of the alar cartilages as noted by the constant widening of the columella pre-operatively and the obvious separation of the nasal cartilages intra-operatively. This separation was constantly found to require approximation by sutures. The results of the present study concluded that whenever an early presentation with nasal tip haemangioma could be established, initial non-excision treatment followed by open rhinoplasty could be a useful protocol of treatment. Within the limitations of the present study, this protocol could achieve an early, safe and effective treatment for nasal tip haemangiomas with provisionally acceptable cosmetic outcomes so far.     

Spinal arteriography: a primer

Spinal arteriography is an esoteric procedure that is seldom nerformed by peripheral interventionalists. This presentation is intended to outline some of the essential points that the interventionalist performing the procedure should be aware of,especially about spinal dural arierioyenous fistulae (SDAVF).     

高血压家系802人的高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗和控制状况调查

目的了解高血压家系人群高血压患病率、治疗率和控制率特点。方法用整群随机抽样调查的方法调查高血压家系高血压的流行和控制情况，分析比较相关指标的差异。结果家系成员高血压患病率为55．86％，存在危险因素聚集现象。高血压的知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为79．46％、62．72％、19．64％。结论该地区高血压家系高血压患病率较高，遗传因素是重要原因。虽高血压控制水平较高，但需加强高血压的一级预防。     

脱乙酰壳聚糖-抗坏血酸盐促进腭裂术后愈合的药效学研究

目的 腭裂手术创口是一类不易愈合的创口，为促进腭裂术后创口愈合速度与质量，减少术后复裂率，在腭裂动物模型上对脱已酰壳聚糖的作用进行药效学研究。方法 选20只Wistar大鼠随机分4组，以两种不同术式的实验组与相应的对照组进行实验。术后1、3、5、7、10天分别进行，)盏床观察和组织病理学观察。结果 实验组1，术后1天创面有缺血，3和5天粘膜颜色基本正常，7和10天拆线后的创口均为一期愈合。对照组1，术后1天创面有缺血，3和5天创缘糜烂，7天减轻，10天拆线创口二期愈合。实验组2与其对照组均有显著差异。组织病理，实验组1和组2重建覆盖上皮较对照组出现的早，实验组2缺损断端有新形成的骨组织连接，新骨周边可见成骨细胞，对照组1，有成纤维连接和炎细胞浸润。对照组2，缺损断处有新形成的软骨细胞，有炎细胞浸润。结论 脱已酰壳聚糖对腭裂术后的愈合有较明显的作用，有深入研究和临床应用的价值。     

综合疗法治疗儿童弱视的疗效分析

目的 :评价综合疗法治疗儿童弱视的远期疗效。方法 :追踪观察治疗 3年以上的弱视患者 2 30例、36 5眼 ,在治疗过程中根据患者弱视程度、年龄及注视性质采用传统遮盖疗法 ,光学及药物压抑疗法 ,后像疗法及脉冲红光闪烁疗法等综合治疗。结果 :总治愈率为 71.78% ,其中轻度弱视治愈率为 93.85 %、中度为 82 .6 7%、重度为 34.6 9%。屈光不正性弱视 81.95 %、屈光参差性弱视 6 4.13%、斜视性弱视 4 9.4 7%。中心注视与旁中心注视之间差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。表明弱视程度越轻 ,治疗效果越好。各种类型弱视中 ,以屈光不正性弱视疗效最好。中心注视者疗效明显好于旁中心注视者。结论 :采用综合疗法治疗弱视 ,疗效显著 ,能明显缩短疗程 ,是目前治疗弱视最有效的方法。     

经内镜鼻胰管引流在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中的应用

目的 :初步总结经内镜鼻胰管引流在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中应用的疗效。　方法 :自 1998年 3月以来 ,在重症急性胰腺炎患者入院后常规非手术监测治疗的同时 ,随机床旁行经内镜置放鼻胰管引流 14例。其中明确合并胆结石 8例。观察每天胰管引流量和入院后第 5天在体温、心率、白细胞计数、血糖、血钙、动脉氧分压和血、尿淀粉酶的变化 ,并与第 1天比较 ,记录治疗结果和住院时间。　结果 :经鼻胰管引流时间为 (7.3± 4 .0 )天 ,前 5天的胰液引流量分别为每天 (2 36 .4± 176 .6 )、(2 87.1± 16 4 .7)、(2 84 .6± 2 16 .4 )、(435 .0± 35 7.8)ml和 (377.8± 2 2 3.8)ml。入院后第 1天和第 5天的体温为 (38.2± 0 .6 )和 (37.2± 0 .8)℃ (P <0 .0 1)、心率为 (10 2 .3± 17.0 )和 (82 .9± 14 .5 )次 /min(P <0 .0 1) ,白细胞计数为 (14 .6± 4 .2 )和 (10 .1± 5 .4 )× 10 9/L(P <0 .0 5 ) ,血糖为 (10 .0± 4 .9)和 (8.6± 3.3)mmol/L(P >0 .0 5 ) ,血钙为 (2 .1± 0 .2 )和 (2 .2± 0 .2 )mmol/L(P >0 .0 5 )　动脉氧分压为 (78.0± 16 .3)和 (113.0± 4 1.6 )mmHg(P <0 .0 1) ,血淀粉酶为 (6 95 .7± 4 4 5 .2 )和 (82 .6± 4 7.1)U/L(P <0 .0 1) ,尿淀粉酶为 (3174 .1± 2 5 4 2 .5 )和(2 86 .8± 2     

Periodontal conditions among the middle-aged and the elderly in Hong Kong

Abstract The aim of this study was to describe the periodontal conditions in 372 35–44-yr-old and 537 noninstitutionalized 65–74-yr-old Hong Kong Chinese who were examined clinically for loss of attachment, recession, probing depth, calculus, and bleeding after probing. Community Periodontal Index (CPI) data and treatment need indications were compiled from index teeth or their substitutes. The prevalence of loss of attachment varied considerably in both cohorts according to the definition of the threshold (≥6, ≥9, and ≥12 mm, respectively). The mean numbers of teeth with loss of attachment at the ≥6-mm threshold and at higher thresholds were small. In both age cohorts, about one-fifth of subjects had probing depths ≥6-mm, while al the ≥9-mm threshold only 2–3% were so affected. Although recession was an important component of loss of attachment in the younger cohort, in the older cohort the prevalence and extent of recession were greater than for probing depths at thresholds ≥4 mm. All subjects had one or more teeth with calculus, bleeding, or both, most teeth being so affected. Eighty-four of the 537 65–74-yr-old subjects were excluded either because of edentulousness or because extractions indicated for the remaining teeth would have rendered the subjects edentulous. The distribution of subjects according to their highest CPI score was remarkably similar for the two cohorts. No subjects in either age group were assessed as “healthy” (CPI code 0) or had “bleeding only” (code 1) as their highest score. While most subjects scored CPI code 2 or 3 us their highest score, only 17% of the younger and 15% of the older cohort scored Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) code 4. Differences in the mean number of sextants affected by CPI codes between the two cohorts were mainly due to a greater number of excluded sextants in the older cohort. CPI findings for 35–44-yr-olds differed little from those reported in 1984.     

Pilon骨折的治疗

作者自1988年1月至1993年12月收治Pilon骨折31例，根据Riled的分类祛：Ⅰ型5例，Ⅱ型10例，Ⅲ型16例．手术治疗22例，保守治疗9例．随访l－4年，疗效按Bourne的标准评定，Ⅰ型骨折手术或保守治疗优良率100％，Ⅱ、Ⅲ型骨折手术治疗优良率85％，保守治疗优良率33．3％．作者认为Pilon骨折Ⅱ、Ⅲ型应手术治疗．保守治疗仅用于Ⅰ型骨折．手术控AO的四步重建法进行．但严重的粉碎骨折或开放骨折伴软组织缺损，内固定确定难干实施者，则改用踝部超关节外固定支架固定．