Effects of dexamethasone on the differentiation of membrane structure in cultured astrocytes.

Astrocytic processes investing vascular structures or forming the surface of mammalian brain have large numbers of orthogonally packed aggregates of intramembrane particles, termed "assemblies." Similar particle aggregates are expressed by astrocytes derived from neonatal rat forebrain in secondary culture, but they are much more uniformly distributed across the membranes of the cultured cells. Dexamethasone, a potent glucocorticoid, affects the differentiation of astrocyte membrane structure in two patterns, depending on the rate of proliferation in the culture. When confluent secondary cultures of astrocytes are exposed to 5 microM dexamethasone, the densities of assemblies increase, and in some cells approach the values present in the glial limitans in vivo. However, when rapidly proliferating astrocytes are exposed to dexamethasone during the first week of secondary culture, most of the astrocytes fail to express any assemblies. The rate of astrocyte proliferation is slowed, and a lower cell density is reached during the first 2 weeks of secondary culture in dexamethasone. The suppression of assemblies is transient: as the cultures approach confluence, the proportion of cells expressing assemblies increases to nearly control levels, and the density of assemblies increases to greater than control values in some astrocytes. Certain of the effects of dexamethasone on cultured astrocytes may have relevance for understanding the mechanism(s) of its action in treating cerebral edema.     

Automatic detection of rapid eye movements by discrete wavelet transform

In order to detect rapid eye movements (REM) automatically, the Discrete Wavelet Transform was applied to each 8-s segment of electrooculogram (EOG) data for 30 min of 8 h of normal sleep. The Haar function was used as an analysing wavelet because this function is similar to the REM waveform. By shifting the phase of the analysing wavelet by pi/4 of the function, 96% of REM could be detected. The artifacts caused by body movements could be detected simultaneously by this method. Computing time required for the detection of REM was only 11 s for 30 min EOG data.     

高效液相-荧光检测法测定兔血浆羟基喜树碱方法的研究

目的 :为了测定羟基喜树碱在人体内的血药浓度 ,建立高效液相 -荧光检测法以测定兔血浆中羟基喜树碱的含量。方法 :色谱柱为DiscoveryC18(15cm× 4 6cm ,5 μm) ,流动相为柠檬酸缓冲液 -乙腈 - 75nmol·L-1磷酸二氢钾 (70∶2 3∶7) ,75nmol·L-1磷酸二氢钾中含 1%三乙胺。流速为 1 0mL·min-1,柱温为 4 0℃ ,荧光检测波长为λex36 3nm和λem5 30nm。结果 :该方法的线性范围为 13 76 5 6～ 195 7 4 4 6 8ng·mL-1(r =0 9993) ;提取回收率和方法回收率分别为 80 90 %～ 10 3 5 9% ,10 2 72 %～ 10 8 16 % ;日内RSD≤ 7 4 9% ,日间RSD≤ 9 4 0 %。最低检测限为 5 2ng·mL-1。结论 :主效渡相—荧光法专属性强 ,重现性好 ,操作简便 ,可用于羟基喜树碱的药代动力学研究和血药浓度监测。     

肺癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化及其临床意义

[目的]检测肺癌患者T淋巴细胞亚群变化.[方法]采用SAP法检测42例肺癌患者及20例正常对照组的外周血T淋巴细胞亚群,并将肺癌中转移组和未转移组分别与正常对照组进行比较.[结果](1)肺癌转移组CD3 、CD 4阳性率低于未转移组(P＜0.05),CD 4/CD 8比值比正常组及未转移组低(P＜0.05).(2)未转移组CD 8低于正常组及转移组(P＜0.05).[结论]肺癌患者细胞免疫功能低下,并且细胞免疫功能随病情进展逐步受到抑制.     

Clinical analysis of 276 cases of non-palpable TO breast cancer

Objective Discussion of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of non-palpable TO breast cancer. Methods Between 1978 and 1997, 9,980 female patients with operable breast cancer were treated surgically, of which 276 were determined to have TO breast cancer. Most TO breast cancers could be detected promptly with careful examination of presenting symptoms, such as nipple discharge, local thickening of the breast, nipple erosion, nipple retraction and postmenopausal mastalgia, while 12 cases were detected by routine mammography of the contralateral breast. Results All patients were treated surgically and their tissue subjected to histopathological examination. Most cases (73.0%) were noninvasive or early invasive carcinoma. Axillary lymph nodes metastases were found in 7.69% of 234 mastectomy cases. Conclusion The survival rate was significantly increased if the tumor was in an early stage. The 5-, 10-, 15-years survival rates were 98.1%, 94.6% and 90.3%, respectively.     

中西医结合治疗肝豆状核变性疗效与临床表型和ATP7B基因突变的关系

目的 :研究中西医结合治疗肝豆状核变性 (又称Wilson病 )疗效与临床表型和ATP7B基因第 1 8外显子突变的关系。方法 :1 2 2例具有不同临床表型的Wilson病患者以二巯基丙磺酸钠 (Unithiol) 2 0mg·kg- 1 ·d- 1 和中药肝豆片每次 1 0片 ,每天 3次治疗 ,疗程 1个月。采用多聚酶链反应 -单链构象多态 (PCR SSCP)分析技术对全部患者和 2 0名健康志愿者的ATP7B基因第 1 8外显子扩增进行突变及多态检测。结果 :3 7例患者呈现 4种不同类型的PCR SSCP异常迁移带而强烈提示突变的存在。不同临床表型患者的突变率以及有明显突变可能和无突变患者的疗效比较无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。而肝豆状核变性型和假性硬化型的总有效率明显优于肝型患者 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :中国人Wilson病患者ATP7B基因第 1 8外显子可能为一突变高发区。因绝大部分Wilson病患者是复合杂合子 ,且不同临床表型Wilson患者具有不同的疗效反应 ,故这些突变至少部分影响了临床表型的产生和治疗效果的好坏。     

Expression of connexin36 in the adult and developing rat brain

The distribution of connexin36 (Cx36) in the adult rat brain and retina has been analysed at the protein (immunofluorescence) and mRNA (in situ hybridization) level. Cx36 immunoreactivity, consisting primarily of round or elongated puncta, is highly enriched in specific brain regions (inferior olive and the olfactory bulb), in the retina, in the anterior pituitary and in the pineal gland, in agreement with the high levels of Cx36 mRNA in the same regions. A lower density of immunoreactive puncta can be observed in several brain regions, where only scattered subpopulations of cells express Cx36 mRNA. By combining in situ hybridization for Cx36 mRNA with immunohistochemistry for a general neuronal marker (NeuN), we found that neuronal cells are responsible for the expression of Cx36 mRNA in inferior olive, cerebellum, striatum, hippocampus and cerebral cortex. Cx36 mRNA was also demonstrated in parvalbumin-containing GABAergic interneurons of cerebral cortex, striatum, hippocampus and cerebellar cortex. Analysis of developing brain further revealed that Cx36 reaches a peak of expression in the first two weeks of postnatal life, and decreases sharply during the third week. Moreover, in these early stages of postnatal development Cx36 is detectable in neuronal populations that are devoid of Cx36 mRNA at the adult stage. The developmental changes of Cx36 expression suggest a participation of this connexin in the extensive interneuronal coupling which takes place in several regions of the early postnatal brain.     

应用飞行时间质谱仪快速鉴定细菌的初步研究

目的　研究基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱对细菌快速鉴定的影响因素。方法　应用 8种细菌 ,比较了不同培养基 (哥伦比亚血琼脂、伊红美兰琼脂、普通营养琼脂 )及培养时间对细菌质谱图的影响。结果　不同的培养基及培养时间会对细菌质谱图产生影响。结论　选择合适的培养基及培养时间可以提高细菌检测的准确率     

改良分子信标—实时PCR快速检测副溶血弧菌

目的 :建立改良分子信标 -实时 PCR检测副溶血弧菌的快速方法 ,应用于副溶血弧菌食物中毒的快速诊断和海产品检验。方法 :根据 Gen Bank公布副溶血弧菌的耐热直接溶血毒素基因 (TDH)的保守序列 ,设计一对引物和改良分子信标探针 ,用 FAM荧光剂标记探针的 5′,并进行特异性和灵敏度分析 ;同时以 11种细菌作对照 ,建立改良分子信标检测副溶血弧菌的实时 PCR反应体系 ,应用于副溶血弧菌食物中毒快速诊断和食品微生物检测。结果 :检测 12种细菌 ,只有副溶血弧菌有荧光信号 ,与其他细菌无交叉反应 ,DNA灵敏度为 16 6 .6 fg/ μl,菌液灵敏度为 6 9cfu/ ml或 6 cfu/ PCR反应体系。改良分子信标 -实时 PCR反应体系检测 4 0株副溶血弧菌均出现特异的荧光信号 ,无干扰。对 3起细菌性食物中毒共 4 8份样品和 10 0份海产品进行检测 ,9份副溶血弧菌实时 PCR阳性 ,其中 7份副溶血弧菌细菌培养阳性 ,其余样品都为阴性。检测时间仅需 2 h。结论 :改良分子信标 -实时 PCR检测体系快速、灵敏度高 ,特异性强 ,可用于副溶血弧菌食物中毒的快速诊断 ,为食源性疾病的分子流行病学调查提供新的检测手段     

一次性使用输液（血）器化学分析问题与探讨

分析了某些一次性使用输液(血)器中部分化学性能测定结果重现性差并常常引起不合格的原因,提出生产工艺改进的建议.