Intracranial actinomycosis in juvenile patients Case report and review of the literature

A case of actinomycotic brain infection in a juvenile patient is described. Cases of actinomycosis affecting the head and neck are rare, particularly in juvenile patients. In this case complete resolution of the infection was achieved by means of surgical treatment and prolonged antibiotic therapy. The authors emphasize the importance of a combined approach for treatment of this unusual brain infection and stress the difficulties involved in the diagnosis of this pathology. Received: 3 November 1997     

脐血CD34~+细胞体外短期培养扩增研究

为寻找更有效的体外扩增脐血CD34 + 细胞的造血细胞因子组合 ,采集健康产妇脐带血 ,用免疫磁珠法分选CD34 + 细胞。采用SCF、FLT3 L、TPO和IL 34种具有早期作用的细胞因子的不同组合进行脐血CD34 + 细胞短期无血清液体培养 ,观察培养前后有核细胞、CD34 + 细胞、CD34 + /CD38- 细胞、CFU GEMM、CFU GM和BFU E数量的变化。结果在 3种不同的细胞因子组合中 ,同时应用SCF、FLT3 L、TPO和IL 34种细胞因子培养 7d的扩增效果最好。突出的发现是在这种条件下CD34 + /CD38- 细胞亚群达到平均 1 97.9倍的扩增效果。提示 :SCF、FLT3 L、TPO和IL 34种细胞因子是脐血CD34 + 细胞体外扩增理想的细胞因子组合     

肺癌脑转移83例临床分析

我所内科１９８８￣１９９３年收治肺癌患者１００６例，脑转移８３例，占８．２５％，由于治疗方法不同，其预后极其不同。手术切除加放疗化疗与单纯放疗化疗的生存率有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０５），放疗化疗综合组疗效预后好于单一治疗组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。因此在肺癌确诊后应常规作脑影像学检查，可早期诊断，这是提高疗效和生存捏的重要因素。     

热休克反应对大鼠感染性脑水肿脑组织诱生型一氧化氮合酶mRNA表达的影响

:探讨热休克反应 (HSR)对百日咳杆菌所致的大鼠感染性脑水肿诱生型一氧化氮合酶 (iNOS)mRNA表达的影响。方法 :从大鼠左侧颈内动脉注入百日咳菌液制备感染性脑水肿 (感脑 )模型 ,采用组织细胞原位杂交技术检测脑组织iNOSmRNA的表达。结果 :生理盐水组、4h感脑组及 4h热休克处理组均未见iNOSmRNA表达 ,8h ,2 4h时感染性脑水肿组均有明显的杂交信号 ,以 2 4h更为明显 ;而 8h ,2 4h热休克处理组仅有少数细胞有阳性信号。结论 :热休克反应对感染性脑水肿的保护作用可能与抑制iNOSmRNA的表达有关     

胆碱酯酶重活化剂PAM类构型、构象问题

本文参考X-衍射数据,采用MNDO程序计算了不同构型、构象PAM类的生成热,结合核磁共振数据讨论了PAM类构象等问题.结果表明,PAM类在水溶液中:顺式体肟基可以自由旋转,任何一种构象都可能成为药效构象;反式体肟基本不可能存在稳定的平面构象,其药效构象只能是优势构象.用MNDO程序中反应途径的计算法,还计算了顺、反式肟基构型相互转变的势垒,为探讨PAM类重活化机理提供了一定的参考.     

The value of different methods of treatment of brain abscess in the CT era

Summary 67 cases of brain abscess were analyzed retrospectively. As 2 comatose patients died on admission before any treatment was started, the results are based on 65 treated patients. Different methods of treatment included: total removal in 36 patients, drainage in 14, aspiration in 6 and conservative treatment in 9. Management mortality was 18,5% and was almost not dependent on the method of treatment (except aspiration) being lowest in the drainage group. The mortality was significantly higher in patients with serious impairment of consciousness on admission.Follow-up examination after 1 to 11 years was performed in 47 out of 53 discharged patients and revealed in 25 of them (53%) full recovery. 10 additional cases (21%) are independent. The best early and long term results were obtained in patients by drainage and medical treatment.Chronic epilepsy developed in 34% of patients with supratentorial lesions. The risk of epilepsy was lowest in the group of patients treated by drainage.The authors present the opinion that removal of brain abscess is necessary only in exceptional cases.     

大黄总甙、大黄素和番泻甙对小鼠离体肠管葡萄糖转运电位的影响

本实验采用记录翻转小肠和结肠囊葡萄糖转运电位的方法,来研究大黄泻下作用的有效成分大黄总甙、大黄素和番泻甙对小肠及结肠囊跨肠壁电应差的变化,发现上述成分可阻止葡萄糖和Na~+的转运,这一结果为进一步阐明大黄泻下作用的原理提供新的理论依据。     

Benzodiazepine concentrations in brain directly reflect receptor occupancy: studies of diazepam,lorazepam, and oxazepam

Groups of male CF-1 mice received 3 and 10 µmol/kg diazepam, lorazepam, and oxazepam intravenously. Between 1 min and 24 h after injection, benzodiazepine concentrations were determined by gas chromatography (GLC) in plasma and in one brain hemisphere; in the other hemisphere, ex vivo benzodiazepine receptor occupancy was measured using³H-flunitrazepam displacement. Based on GLC data, diazepam entered brain rapidly, and was also cleared rapidly, yielding desmethyldiazepam and oxazepam as metabolites in plasma and brain. However, lorazepam and oxazepam entered brain slowly, with brain:plasma equilibrium achieved at 30–60 min; thereafter, the drugs were eliminated from plasma and brain in parallel. The time course and extent of ex vivo occupancy were highly consistent with GLC data (for diazepam, GLC levels were expressed as the sum of diazepam, desmethyldiazepam, and oxazepam, with metabolite concentrations, normalized for molecular weight and for in vitro benzodiazepine receptor affinity.) Between-method correlations were 0.95 or higher. Thus benzodiazepine receptor occupancy is highly dependent on benzodiazepine concentrations in brain. Differences in the time-course of onset and duration of pharmacologic activity between the highly lipophilic benzodiazepine diazepam and the less lipophilic hydroxylated derivatives lorazepam and oxazepam are largely explained by differences in systemic kinetics and in the rate of uptake into brain.Supported in part by grants MH-34223, DA-05258, and AG-00106 from the United States Public Health Service     

Effect of electrical stimulation on gastric electrical activity,motility and emptying

Abstract The aim was to measure the effect of gastric electrical stimulation on the frequency of canine antral pacesetter potentials (PPs), the strength of antral contractions, and the rate of gastric emptying while fasting, after feeding and with pentagastrin stimulation. Four conscious dogs with a stimulating electrode placed 10 cm proximal to the pylorus and recording electrodes and strain gauges placed 7, 5 and 3 cm proximal to the pylorus underwent myoelectric and strain gauge recordings while fasting, after feeding (250 ml 5% dextrose labelled with polyethylene glycol), and during pentagastrin infusion (0.5 μg kg^?1 min^?1) on four separate days. On each day, electrical stimulation was done using one of four stimulation frequencies (0, 6, 30 and 1200 stimuli per minute ***[s.p.m.]). Stimulation at 6 and 30 s.p.m. increased the fasting and fed PP frequency, whereas 1200 s.p.m. stimulation did not. Feeding decreased the maximum driven frequency, and pentagastrin increased it. Neither the motility index nor the gastric emptying rate were consistently changed by stimulation at any frequency. In conclusion, canine proximal antral stimulation at 6 and 30 s.p.m. sped PP frequency during fasting and after feeding, but stimulation over a wide range of frequencies had little effect on gastric contractions and emptying.