Effects of interferon-α on cytokine profile,T cell receptor repertoire and peptide reactivity of human allergen-specific T cells

A large panel of T cell clones (TCC) specific for the recombinant form of Poa pratensis allergen (rKBG7.2 or Poa p9) were established from the peripheral blood of a grass pollen-sensitive donor in the absence or presence of recombinant interferon-α (IFN-α) in bulk culture and their pattern of cytokine secretion, peptide reactivity and TCR Vβ repertoire was examined. The majority of allergen-specific TCC derived in absence of IFN-α produced high amounts of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-5 but not IFN-γ (Th2 cells), while most of TCC derived in presence of IFN-α produced IFN-γ but not, or limited amounts of, IL-4 and IL-5 (Th1 or Th0 cells). Of 24 TCC established in the presence of IFN-α, 22 were able to recognize a single allergen peptide, p26, while none of the clones established in the absence of IFN-α showed a similar specificity. The majority of both clones expressed the Vβ2 element regardless of whether they were established in the presence of IFN-α, but the presence of IFN-α favored the expansion of Vβ2⁺, Vβ17⁺ and Vβ22⁺ Poa p9-specific T cells, whereas in the absence of IFN-α, other TCR Vβ-bearing T cells (Vβ5, Vβ6.7 and Vβ14) were expanded in addition to Vβ2⁺ T cells. None of Vβ2⁺ clones established in the absence of IFN-α reacted with p26, whereas all the Vβ2⁺ clones established in its presence responded to this peptide. IFN-α also shifted the TCR Vβ repertoire of both Poa p9- and Lolium perenne group 1 (Lol p1)-specific T cell lines generated from the same patient and from a different grass-sensitive individual. These data demonstrate that IFN-α modulates the development of allergen-specific T cells in vitro, and suggest that IFN-α may represent an useful tool for novel immunotherapeutic approaches in allergic disorders.     

应用Dot—ELISA检测过敏性皮肤病患者过敏原的研究

应用Dot-ELISA检测过敏性皮肤病患者血清对多种过敏原的特异性IgG抗体 ,了解过敏原对患者的致敏状况 ,并研究该试验的最适条件 ,检测方法的敏感性和重复性。结果表明Dot-ELISA检测过敏原和抗过敏原的特异性IgG抗体具较高特异性和敏感性 ,且具成本低 ,操作简便 ,观测结果直接等优点。为检测过敏性皮肤病患者过敏原的一种较好方法。     

广州市某中医院过敏性疾病过敏原检测分析

目的:探讨过敏性患者的过敏原情况。方法:共纳入2019年11月至2020年10月期间来广东省第二中医院儿科、呼吸科、耳鼻喉科等科室就诊的507例患者为研究对象,采用免疫印迹法进行过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E（immunoglobulin E,IgE）抗体检测,用 χ2检验分析过敏原分布情况及统计学差异。 ...     

多学科过敏性疾病患者变应原检测分析

目的 研究不同学科6种常见过敏性疾病患者主要变应原的分布特性,为诊断和预防过敏性疾病提供依据.方法 随机选取过敏性疾病患者312例,用德国MEDIWISS Analytic GmbH敏筛过敏原检测系统检测患者血清中变应原特异性免疫球蛋白E（sIgE）,分析不同过敏性疾病间变应原的差异.结果 共检测312例过敏性疾病患者,变应原免疫球蛋白E （IgE）阳性者285例（94.37％）,其中男性132例（94.29％）,女性153例（94.44％）,不同性别患者IgE阳性检出率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;285例IsE阳性患者变应原检出率吸入物以户尘螨、屋尘、蒿草类花粉、树类花粉、狗猫毛皮屑为主,食入物以牛奶、虾、蟹、菠萝、贝、牛肉、鸡蛋白为主.不同疾病的变应原种类除蟑螂、霉菌类、苋菜、腰果外,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 采取积极有效的环境干预措旌,改善人群居住环境,保持室内通风及适宜湿度,尽量避免接触相关变应原,调整饮食习惯减少过敏物质的摄入,是防治过敏性疾病的关键.     

Insights in particulate matter‐induced allergic airway inflammation: Focus on the epithelium

Outdoor air pollution is a major environmental health problem throughout the world. In particular, exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been associated with the development and exacerbation of several respiratory diseases, including asthma. Although the adverse health effects of PM have been demonstrated for many years, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully identified. In this review, we focus on the role of the lung epithelium and specifically highlight multiple cytokines in PM‐induced respiratory responses. We describe the available literature on the topic including in vitro studies, findings in humans (ie observations in human cohorts, human controlled exposure and ex vivo studies) and in vivo animal studies. In brief, it has been shown that exposure to PM modulates the airway epithelium and promotes the production of several cytokines, including IL‐1, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐25, IL‐33, TNF‐α, TSLP and GM‐CSF. Further, we propose that PM‐induced type 2‐promoting cytokines are important mediators in the acute and aggravating effects of PM on airway inflammation. Targeting these cytokines could therefore be a new approach in the treatment of asthma.     

Patch test standard series recommended by the Brazilian Contact Dermatitis Study Group during the 2006-2011 period

A retrospective study was carried out between 2006-2011. Six hundred and eighteenpatients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis underwent the standard patch testseries recommended by the Brazilian Contact Dermatitis Research Group. The aim of ourstudy was to evaluate the variation of positive patch-test results from standardseries year by year. The most frequently positive allergens were: nickel sulfate,thimerosal and potassium bichromate. Decrease of positive patch-test results over theyears was statistically significant for: lanolin (p=0.01), neomycin (p=0.01) andanthraquinone (p=0.04). A follow-up study should be useful in determining whichallergens could be excluded from standard series, as they may represent lowsensitization risk.     

Trends in skin prick test according to seasons: Results of a Korean multi-center study

ObjectiveAllergy is a very common condition. Allergic disease is highly affected by environmental changes. Conditions of the four seasons can change dramatically in Republic of Korea (ROK). To assess changes in rates of aeroallergen positivity according to seasons and environmental factors (temperature, humidity, and precipitation).MaterialsA total of 20 hospitals were selected based on population distribution in ROK. A skin prick test (SPT) panel comprising 55 aeroallergens was distributed to 18 hospitals for a prospective study. Results from SPTs done in 2006 and 2010 were collected and analyzed retrospectively from 20 hospitals and 2014/2015 SPT (from June 2014 to May 2015) results from 18 hospitals were collected prospectively.ResultsWe compared allergen-positive rates among seasons. Positive test rates for several pollens and house dust mites increased significantly in spring and fall. Pollens positive rate varied significantly according to temperature, precipitation, and humidity while mite allergens were less susceptible to environment.ConclusionThere are four distinct seasons in ROK. The positivity of pollen allergens were especially affected by temperature and precipitation in spring. House dust mites were less affected by seasons, temperature, precipitation, and humidity less than pollen. Therefore, regular follow-up and re-evaluation of allergic test are essential considering changes of seasons and environment for acceptable diagnosis and treatment.     

化妆品相关皮肤不良反应512例临床特点及致病成分分析

【摘要】 目的 分析化妆品相关皮肤不良反应的临床特点及主要致病成分,为化妆品不良反应起到预警作用并提供客观的风险评估依据。方法 收集2018年3月至2019年10月在重庆市中医院门诊就诊的512例化妆品不良反应可疑患者,男14例,女498例,通过填写统一制定的化妆品不良反应报告卡,记录患者的病史资料和所使用化妆品的相关信息;对其中103例（男3例,女100例）进行化妆品原物斑贴试验及化妆品成分斑贴试验,结合48和72 h斑贴试验结果综合判定并汇总分析。结果 512例可疑化妆品不良反应病例中,主要表现类型为接触性皮炎（495例,96.7%）。化妆品不良反应的皮损形态主要为红斑501例（97.9%）、丘疹313例（61.1%）、水肿249例（48.6%）、鳞屑166例（32.4%）;症状主要为瘙痒480例（93.8%）,其次为灼热感359例（70.1%）和紧绷感297例（58.0%）。103例化妆品成分斑贴试验显示,阳性71例,最易引起化妆品不良反应的变应原分别为硫柳汞（31例,30.1%）、十二烷基硫酸钠（29例,28.2%）、秘鲁香脂（17例,16.5%）、布罗波尔（12例,11.7%）及三乙醇胺（10例,9.7%）。将化妆品变应原系列分为14个类别,阳性率前4位的类别分别为乳化剂54例（45.8%）、防腐剂47例（39.8%）、芳香剂17例（14.4%）和表面活性剂10例（8.5%）。2例男性和69例女性斑贴试验阳性,男女阳性率差异无统计学意义（2/3比69/100,χ2 = 0.01,P > 0.05）;18 ~ 29岁组、30 ~ 49岁组及50 ~ 70岁组阳性率分别是34%、34%、32.4%,各组间阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ2 = 0.693,P > 0.05）。结论 化妆品不良反应最常见的表现为接触性皮炎,致病成分具有多样性,最易引起化妆品皮肤不良反应的变应原分别为硫柳汞、十二烷基硫酸钠、秘鲁香脂、布罗波尔及三乙醇胺。     

The ImmunoCAP ISAC molecular allergology approach in adult multi-sensitized Italian patients with respiratory symptoms

Objectives

To evaluate the performances of an allergen microarray in multi-sensitized allergic patients with respiratory symptoms.

Design and methods

321 patients and 92 controls were included in this study. Specific serum IgE were assayed using ImmunoCAP ISAC, a microarray containing 103 components derived from 47 allergens and results were compared with extract-based ImmunoCAP Allergens sIgE to 15 common airborne allergens.

Results

The reproducibility of ISAC was good. The Positive Percent Agreement (PPA) varied between 75% and 100% for sIgE levels above 1 kUA/l. For samples with sIgE levels below 0.1 kUA/l, the Negative Percent Agreement (NPA) ranged between 90% and 100%. Notably, 58% of respiratory allergy patients had IgE to food-specific proteins and 52% resulted sensitized to cross-reactive pan-allergens.

Conclusion

ImmunoCAP ISAC detects allergen sensitization at component level and adds important information by defining both cross and co-sensitization to a large variety of allergen molecules.