睾丸扭转诊疗分析（附38例报告）

目的：总结睾丸扭转的诊疗经验。方法分析2002年～2012年收治的38例睾丸扭转患者的临床资料,所有患者均行超声检查,超声检查提示睾丸、附睾位置改变,睾丸内血流减少或消失。结果36例患者接受手术治疗,其中12例睾丸扭转时间＜6 h患者经手术复位后保留睾丸,2例术后随访发现睾丸较健侧睾丸体积减小。24例扭转时间＞6 h患者中,16例术中发现睾丸坏死行睾丸切除术;复位后睾丸存活5例,睾丸萎缩3例。结论睾丸扭转早期常易误诊,超声检查为首选的辅助检查手段;及早明确诊断、手术探查是避免睾丸坏死、萎缩的关键。     

Oxytocin and the modulation of pain experience: Implications for chronic pain management

In an acute environment pain has potential protective benefits. However when pain becomes chronic this protective effect is lost and the pain becomes an encumbrance. Previously unheralded substances are being investigated in an attempt to alleviate the burden of living with chronic pain. Oxytocin, a neuropeptide hormone, is one prospective pharmacotherapeutic agent gaining popularity. Oxytocin has the potential to modulate the pain experience due to its ubiquitous involvement in central and peripheral psychological and physiological processes, and thus offers promise as a therapeutic agent. In this review, we discuss previous effective applications of oxytocin in pain-free clinical populations and its potential use in the modulation of pain experience. We also address the slowly growing body of literature investigating the administration of oxytocin in clinical and experimentally induced pain in order to investigate the potential mechanisms of its reported analgesic actions. We conclude that oxytocin offers a potential novel avenue for modulating the experience of pain, and that further research into this area is required to map its therapeutic benefit.     

非连续性重睑术同期横切法内眦赘皮矫正

目的:寻找一种能减少内眦赘皮矫正术后内眦瘢痕的手术方法。方法:重睑线内侧端与内眦点处留有3~5mm未切开的皮嵴,内眦赘皮采用横切法同时将内眦韧带折叠缝合固定在鼻骨骨膜上。结果:本组42例随访6~18个月,其中1例因内眦点固定不牢,术后外形欠满意,4例在内眦点处有点状瘢痕,其余外形满意,内眦瘢痕不显。结论:该手术方法可以明显减少内眦瘢痕的发生率,是一种值得推广的手术方法。     

补肾益骨方对去势大鼠血生化、骨量和骨力学性能的影响

目的:观察补肾益骨方对去势大鼠血生化、骨量及其力学性能的影响;探讨补肾益气方能提高去势大鼠骨密度改善骨生物力学性能的机制。方法:取12周龄Wistar雌性大鼠40只,随机分为模型组(A)、治疗组(B)、阳性对照组(C)、正常对照组(D)4组,每组10只。D组行假手术(单纯剖腹后关闭),其余3组行完整双侧卵巢摘除术,术后常规饲养12周。A、D组以蒸馏水10ml/kg灌胃,B组以10ml/kg补肾益骨方提取液灌胃,C组以10ml/kgα-D3胶丸水溶液灌胃。用药12周后,取血清用电极法测定血清中Ca、P含量;用放免法测定血清中骨钙素(BGP)、降钙素(CT)水平;以双能X线密度测定仪测定骨密度;通过三点弯曲试验,记录载荷-变形曲线,测定骨生物力学指标。结果:治疗组血清中BGP、CT水平及骨矿含量、骨密度明显高于模型组,并改善了去势大鼠的骨生物力学性能。结论:补肾益骨方能提高去势大鼠骨密度、改善骨生物力学性能,推测激素BGP、CT水平变化是其重要的治疗机制之一。     

CXCR4 is a prognostic marker that inhibits the invasion and migration of gastric cancer by regulating VEGF expression

Metastasis is the main cause of poor prognosis of patients with gastric cancer (GC). Thus, current research is focused on identifying biomarkers that can predict the prognosis of patients with GC. C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have been reported to play important roles in different types of malignancies; however, their role in the prognosis of GC remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the potential role of CXCR4 and VEGF in predicting the prognosis of patients with GC. Immunohistochemistry analysis was performed to analyze the expression levels of CXCR4 and VEGF in a GC tissue microarray containing GC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. The association between CXCR4 or VEGF expression levels and the clinicopathological characteristics or survival outcomes were assessed. Furthermore, Transwell and wound healing assays were performed to determine the cell invasive and migratory abilities in vitro. The results demonstrated that CXCR4 promoted AGS cell invasion and migration by regulating VEGF expression. In addition, CXCR4 and VEGF expression levels were significantly upregulated in GC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, which was associated with a poorer overall survival (OS). Cox regression analysis demonstrated that both upregulated CXCR4 and VEGF expression were independent negative biomarkers of OS. To the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first to discover that CXCR4 and VEGF exert synergistic roles as efficient prognostic indicators for patients with GC.     

Triglyceride-glucose index and short-term functional outcome and in-hospital mortality in patients with ischemic stroke

Background and aimsThe triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been demonstrated as an independent marker of ischemic stroke. Whether TyG index predicts short-term outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke remains uncertain. The aim of the study was to investigate the early prognosis value of TyG index in ischemic stroke patients.Methods and ResultsA total of 3216 acute ischemic stroke patients from 22 hospitals were included in this analysis. The TyG index was calculated as ln (fasting triglyceride [mg/dL] × fasting glucose [mg/dL]/2). Logistic regression model was performed to estimate the relationship between TyG index and unfavorable functional outcome of death or disability (modified Rankin Scale score of 4–6) at discharge. Risk reclassification with TyG index to predict unfavorable functional outcome was analyzed.During hospitalization, 748 patients (23.3%) experienced poor functional outcome and 105 patients (3.3%) died from all causes. The multivariable adjusted odds ratios for the highest versus lowest quartile of TyG index was 1.62 (95% CI 1.15–2.29) for unfavorable functional outcome at discharge. The addition of TyG index to the conventional model improved the risk reclassification (net reclassification improvement 10.37%; integrated discrimination improvement 0.27%; both p < 0.05) for poor functional outcome. Moreover, TyG index was associated with an odds ratio (95% CI) of 1.26 (1.02–1.55) for an ordinal shift in mRS score and 2.49 (1.21–5.12) for in-hospital mortality.ConclusionsHigher TyG index was associated with higher risk of unfavorable functional outcome at discharge and in-hospital mortality, implicating the significant short-term prognostic effect of TyG index in patients with ischemic stroke.     

Boost anti-oxidant activity of yogurt with extract and hydrolysate of cinnamon residues

Objective: This study was conducted to explore the potential use of cinnamon residues(twigs and leaves)in boosting the anti-oxidant activity of yogurt.Methods: The cinnamon bark was used as the benchmark. The extracts of cinnamon bark(BW), twigs residue(TW), and leaves residue(LW) were prepared by using water, whereas the hydrolysates of cinnamon bark(BE), twigs residue(TE) and leaves residue(LE) were prepared via cellulase hydrolysis. The extracts and hydrolysates were then co-fermented respectively with the skimmed milk to produce yogurt.Results: Results obtained indicated that BW and TE yogurt possessed the highest anti-oxidant activity.In vitro digestion improved the anti-oxidant activity of yogurt significantly(P 0.05). DPPH activity of the LW yogurt was improved drastically after in vitro digestion. Although the total phenolic content(TPC)and total flavonoids content(TFC) of LW were lower than BW, the anti-oxidant activity of LW yogurt was not significantly different(P 0.05) with the BW yogurt after digestion.Conclusion: This study suggested that the anti-oxidant activity of the cinnamon yogurt was influenced by complex protein-phenolic interactions.     

Lack of association between lymphotoxin-α, galectin-2 polymorphisms and coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis

ObjectivePrevious case–control studies suggested the single nucleotide polymorphisms of lymphotoxin-α (LTA) gene and galectin-2 (LGASL2) gene are associated with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. However, other studies did not confirm this relationship. The objective was to assess the relationship of LTA gene, LGALS2 gene and coronary artery disease, using a meta-analysis.MethodsDatabases, including PubMed, EMbase, CBM and CNKI, were searched to get the genetic association studies. Data were extracted by two authors and pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.ResultThe meta-analysis included 20640 (LTA-A252G) and 10552 (LGALS2-C3279T) cases, 15388 (A252G) and 10545 (C3279T) controls. The pooled OR of 252G was 1.02 (95%CI: 0.97–1.07) compared to wild type allele in dominant model, and was 1.00 (95%CI: 0.94–1.07) in recessive model. The pooled OR of 3279T was 0.95 (95%CI: 0.89–1.01) compared to wild type allele in dominant model, and was 0.89 (95%CI: 0.78–1.00) in recessive model. None of the polymorphisms was found to associate with coronary artery disease.ConclusionIn present study, the LTA gene and LGALS2-C3279T are not associated with coronary artery disease.