Portulaca Oleracea-associated oxalate nephropathy complicated with an ANCA-positive acute renal injury: A case report

Oxalate nephropathy is a rare disease that can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI). In clinical practice, as renal biopsy is required for diagnosis, physicians often do not have sufficient understanding of this disease. When AKI is associated with positive blood anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), a diagnosis of renal injury due to ANCA-associated vasculitis is likely to be made, leading to treatment with immunosuppressive therapy. A case of AKI after eating a large quantity of Portulaca oleracea is reported. While blood P-ANCA was positive, both urine proteinuria and urine occult blood were negative. Renal biopsy was performed and identified an acute tubulointerstitial injury: disc-shaped crystals were seen in the lumen of renal tubules that demonstrated birefringence under polarized light, and an oxalate nephropathy was therefore diagnosed. Typical histological changes of an ANCA-associated vasculitis with renal injury such as cellulose-like necrosis and crescent formation were not present. After the patient stopped eating P. oleracea, and following rehydration and hemodialysis, renal function returned to normal. In patients with AKI, the secondary causes of hyperoxalemia should be sought and attention paid to excluding an oxalate nephropathy. In patients with AKI who are ANCA-positive, it is prudent to complete the renal pathological diagnostic process before assuming that the renal injury is caused by an ANCA-associated vasculitis, and before starting hormone and immunosuppressive therapy.     

股骨转子间骨折内固定器械研究进展

股骨转子间骨折是常见的骨折，亦是当今创伤骨科的研究热点。随着对股骨转子间骨折认识的深入及手术固定材料技术的发展，目前手术内固定治疗已成为首选治疗方式，现行的手术内固定治疗方式主要有髓外固定和髓内固定两种，二者各有优势，但也存在不足。髓内固定因微创和生物力学的优势逐渐成为主流内固定治疗方式。本文就股骨转子间骨折内固定器械的设计、优缺点、临床应用及其发展等方面进行综述，以期为临床内固定选择提供参考。     

Hopkins内镜可视系统指导食管异物取出术的效果及手术成功的影响因素分析

目的 探讨Hopkins内镜可视系统指导食管异物取出术的效果及手术成功的影响因素分析。方法 选取2018年1月—2022年1月甘肃省人民医院就诊的186例食管异物患者。采用单纯随机抽样法分为观察组和对照组，各93例。观察组在Hopkins内镜可视系统指导下行异物取出术，对照组采用传统异物取出术。比较两组手术成功率和手术时间，收集所有患者一般资料，包括性别、年龄、异物种类、异物形态、异物长度、嵌顿位置、嵌顿时间、处理器械、是否使用透明帽、操作者职称等，采取多因素Logistic回归分析食管异物内镜取出术成功的影响因素；以受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析影响因素预测模型对食管异物内镜取出术的预测价值。结果 观察组义齿取出率较对照组高（P <0.05）。两组患者枣核、动物骨头及其他异物取出率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组取出义齿、枣核、动物骨头手术时间较对照组短（P <0.05）。两组患者取出其他异物手术时间比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组并发症总发生率较对照组低。未成功取出组异物种类为义齿、嵌顿时间> 24 h、处理器械为多种工具...     

Plasma membrane lesion type total intestinal eosinophilic enteritis: a case report

BackgroundEosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare gastrointestinal disease that is characterized by diffuse or localized eosinophil infiltration in the gastrointestinal tract, and is accompanied by increased peripheral blood eosinophils. Herein, a case of plasma membrane lesion-type total intestinal eosinophil enteritis is reported.Case presentationWe report on a 20-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital with “abdominal distension for 15 days”. The infiltration of a large number of eosinophils was found by conducting an intestinal biopsy, routine ascites examination, blood routine, smear test, and a bone marrow puncture. A special feature of this patient was that a large number of eosinophils were found in the duodenum, small intestine, and colon. The final diagnosis was plasma membrane lesion type total intestinal eosinophilic enteritis. After four weeks of prednisone treatment, the symptoms disappeared completely and the entire intestinal mucosa was endoscopically observed as smooth.ConclusionClinical practitioners must pay attention to gastrointestinal endoscopy and biopsy pathology results for patients presenting with abdominal distention and ascites. Combined with an abnormal increase of eosinophils in ascites, bone marrow, and peripheral blood, clinical practitioners must be highly vigilant against plasma membrane lesion type total intestinal eosinophilic enteritis.     

Evaluation of procalcitonin (PCT) as a marker of infection in early post living donated liver transplant period

Background and aimProcalcitonin (PCT) has been increasingly used as a biomarker of bacterial infection and as a tool to guide antimicrobial therapy. Despite its increased use, data in patients with solid organ transplants are limited.The study aimed to assess the frequency of rising PCT associated with infectious complications in immunosuppressed living donated liver transplantation.MethodsA single-center, retrospective observational study. Preoperative patients' demographic data, operative, anesthetic data, and postoperative clinical course were analyzed post-liver transplant (LT) till discharge from the intensive care unit.ResultsSixty patients were classified according to the culture results' into a positive culture group & a negative one and then followed up the sepsis variables in each group. Total leukocyte count (TLC) was elevated in the positive culture group in comparison to the negative culture one and was statistically significant (P-value <0.05) till the fourth day postoperative. Procalcitonin was higher in the positive culture group than in the negative one on days 1, 3, and 5 postoperative and was statistically significant (P-value <0.05).The cutoff values in the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) with >90% specificity to infection post LT were PCT of ≥9 ng/ml and TLC of ≥17.3/mm3 on day one.ConclusionsFollowing up PCT level on day one with TLC is essential and will help to detect sepsis and guide early antimicrobial initiation post-liver transplantation.Combined measurements of PCT and TLC with cutoff values of <9 ng/ml and < 17.3/mm³ respectively will help to exclude infections in 83.7% of patients, thus avoiding unnecessary usage of higher generations empiric antimicrobials.     

Pro-inflammatory IgG1 N-glycan signature correlates with primary graft dysfunction onset in COPD patients

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide. The pathogenesis of COPD is complex; however, recent studies suggest autoimmune changes, characterized by the presence of autoantibodies to elastin and collagen, may contribute to disease status. COPD patients make up approximately 30% of all lung transplants (LTx) annually, however, little is known regarding the relationship between COPD-related autoantibodies and LTx outcomes. We hypothesized that COPD patients that undergo LTx and develop primary graft dysfunction (PGD) have altered circulating autoantibody levels and phenotypic changes as compared those COPD-LTx recipients that do not develop PGD. We measured total immunoglobulin and circulating elastin and collagen autoantibody levels in a cohort of COPD lung transplant recipients pre- and post-LTx. No significant differences were seen in total, elastin, or collagen IgM, IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 antibodies between PGD+ and PGD- recipients. Antibody function can be greatly altered by glycosylation changes to the antibody Fc region and recent studies have reported altered IgG glycosylation profiles in COPD patients. We therefore utilized a novel mass spectrometry-based multiplexed N-glycoprotein imaging approach and measured changes in IgG-specific antibody N-glycan structures. COPD-LTx recipients who developed PGD had significantly increased IgG1 N-glycan signatures as compared PGD- recipients. In conclusion, we show that immunoglobulin and autoreactive antibody levels are not significantly different in COPD LTx recipients that develop PGD. However, using a novel IgG glycomic analysis we were able to demonstrate multiple significant increases in IgG1 specific N-glycan signatures that were predictive of PGD development. Taken together, these data represent a potential novel method for identifying COPD patients at risk for PGD development and may provide clues to mechanisms by which antibody N-glycan signatures could contribute to antibody-mediated PGD pathogenesis.