假龙胆属植物研究进展＊

近年来,假龙胆属植物的研究逐步深入,该属植物有着相似的化学成分与药理作用。本研究通过对近20年的相关文献进行检索,对假龙胆属植物的化学结构与药理活性进行归纳整理,旨在为假龙胆属植物的进一步研究与发展提供参考。     

Quantitative phase analysis and hyperspectral imaging for the automatic identification of veins and blood perfusion maps

IntroductionMedical workers commonly physically identify subcutaneous veins to locate a suitable vesselto implant a catheter for drug administration or blood sample. The general rule of thumb is to locate a big, clean vein that will allow the medication to readily pass within the intended blood vessel. Peripheral problematic venous access happens when a patient's veins are difficult to palpate because of factors like dark skin tone, edema or excess tissue. The ability to see how the vasculature changes to support the therapeutic methods without damaging the surrounding tissue is another challenge.Materials and methodsHyperspectral imaging (HI) is a developing technique with several potential uses in medicine. Using its spectroscopic data, veins and arterioles could be noninvasively detected and discriminated. It is frequently important to use quantitative phase analysis for vein localization. To assess hyperspectral image data for the detection of both veins and peripheral arteries, we suggest using an advanced image processing and classification algorithm based on the phase information related to the index of refraction change and associated scattering. We show that this need may be satisfied using quantitative phase imaging of forearm skin tissue at different depths.ResultsTo demonstrate the variations in the diffuse reflectance characteristics between skin surface and veins, phase resolved pictures were successfully produced for twelve volunteers using our imaging methodology. We found that the skin surface details are completely apparent at the unique wavelength of 441 nm. The 500-nm wavelength was the most efficient for grouping peripheral arteries and illuminating the blood perfusion maps. Using our HI experimental setup and our phase imaging procedure on the 600 nm and 650 nm visible spectral pictures, we were able to properly describe the vein map. This spectral area may be utilized as a vein locator marker which could approximately reach till 3 mm depth under skin surface.ConclusionsInitial findings suggested that our imaging technique would be able to assist medical examiners in safely assessing the veins and arteriole's locations automatically without exposing the skin to infrared radiation. Meanwhile, our pilot research in this work to determine the best spectral wavelengths for localizing veins and mapping blood perfusion using our phase analysis imaging strategy with the HI camera. By substituting the HI camera with a custom conventional RGB camera that only functions at specific wavelengths during the discovering of blood perfusion locations or prior to intravenous catheterization, a distinctive and efficient system for precise identification may be developed to serve in the field of the vascular therapeutic methods.     

分散片制备技术及质量评价研究进展

分散片是一种新型口服固体制剂，相较于普通片剂，具有服用方便、崩解迅速、吸收起效快、生物利用度高及不良反应小等优点。近年来，随着研究的不断深入，国内外出现了三维（3D）打印技术、掩味技术、增溶促溶技术、片剂分割技术等分散片制备新技术，另外还对其吸水率、润湿时间、崩解时间、分散时间和分散均匀性、混悬度等体外质量指标进行了深入研究探讨。总结分散片在制备技术和质量评价方面的研究进展，旨在为分散片研究开发和质量标准完善提供参考依据。