Corynoxine B targets at HMGB1/2 to enhance autophagy for α-synuclein clearance in fly and rodent models of Parkinson's disease

Parkinson’s disease(PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disease. It is featured by abnormal alphα-synuclein(α-syn) aggregation in dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Macroautophagy(autophagy) is an evolutionarily conserved cellular process for degradation of cellular contents, including protein aggregates, to maintain cellular homeostasis. Corynoxine B(Cory B), a natural alkaloid isolated from Uncaria rhynchophylla(Miq.) Jacks., has been reported to promote the clearance ...     

影响新医疗技术使用的决定因素分析

近年来,新医疗技术的引进和使用被认为是医疗费用持续增加的主要原因之一。过去国内外有关控制医疗费用政策的研究,多数探讨引进新医疗技术的影响因素与医疗费用之间的关系,很少从医生使用新医疗技术影响因素的角度来分析。文章通过文献综述的方式,讨论影响新医疗技术使用的决定因素,借此帮助政府及卫生部门设计控制医疗费用的策略。     

补肾壮骨胶囊对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症骨密度和相关细胞因子的影响

目的：研究补肾壮骨胶囊对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症的骨密度和细胞因子等的影响,探索该药对绝经后骨质疏松症的防治功效及作用机理。方法：将大鼠随机分为6组：假手术组、卵巢切除组、切除卵巢＋牡蛎碳酸钙组、切除卵巢＋补肾壮骨胶囊低剂量组、切除卵巢＋补肾壮骨胶囊中剂量组、切除卵巢＋补肾壮骨胶囊高剂量组,观察骨密度、血清E2和IL-6、子宫指数和股骨指数等指标,了解其对去卵巢大鼠骨骼的影响。结果：1）骨密度的变化：去卵巢16周后,卵巢切除组大鼠右股骨骨密度和骨矿含量均明显低于假手术对照组,差异有显著性（P〈0.01）,表明造模成功。与卵巢切除组比较,补肾壮骨胶囊中剂量组和高剂量组可明显提高模型大鼠股骨BMC含量（P〈0.05）,高剂量组可明显提高模型大鼠股骨BMD的含量（P〈0.05）。2）血清E2和IL-6的变化：去卵巢16周后,卵巢切除组大鼠血清E2含量显著低于假手术对照组,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。中药中剂量组及高剂量组E2含量明显高于模型组,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。3）子宫指数和股骨指数：与假手术组比较,卵巢切除组子宫指数和股骨指数明显降低,具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,提示造模成功。与卵巢切除组比较,高剂量组子宫指数明显增加（P〈0.05）;高、中、低三个剂量组股骨指数均明显增加（P〈0.05）。结论：补肾壮骨胶囊能增加去卵巢大鼠子宫湿重,但对干重无明显影响,可以显著提高去卵巢大鼠离体骨骨密度及改善其生物力学性能,提高去卵巢大鼠血清E2和IL-6含量,具有类性激素样作用。     

Effects of the Drug （BSZGC）-containing Serum on Proliferation of Rat＇s Osteoclasts and TRACP Activity in vitro

Objective： To observe effects of the drug-containing serum ofBu Shen Zhuang Gu Capsule （BSZGC 补肾壮骨胶囊 Capsule for Tonifying the Kidney to Strengthen the Bones） on proliferation of the rat＇s osteoclasts and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase （TRACP） activity in vitro so as to delve into the mechanisms of its preventive and therapeutic actions on osteoporosis. Methods： Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats aged three months were randomly divided into high dosage BSZGC group, medium dosage BSZGC group, low dosage BSZGC group, and the control group. BSZGC was orally administered into the rats of high, medium, and low dosage groups at different dosages for 12 days, and isometric normal saline was orally administered to the rats of the control group. The drug-containing serum and control serum were prepared. Osteoclasts isolated mechanically from the femur and tibia of Sprague-Dawley rats aged one week were cultured with medium added with different drug-containing sera and control serum. The growth of osteoclasts was observed under an inverted phase-contrast microscope, and optic density （OD） value of osteoclasts was determined by MTT colorimetric assay. TRACP activity was measured by the diazol method. Results： OD value of osteoclasts in the high dosage drug-containing serum group, medium dosage drug-containing serum group, and low dosage drug-containing serum group was significantly lower than that in the control serum group （P〈0.05） with a dose-effect correlation. TRACP activity in high dosage drug-containing serum group, medium dosage drug-containing serum group, low dosage drug-containing serum group was significantly lower than that of the control serum group （P〈0.01）, and no significant differences in TRACP activity were not found among the different dosages drug-containing serum groups. Conclusions： BSZGC can inhibit the proliferation of the osteoclasts and reduce TRACP activity, which may be one of the mechanisms of its preventive and theraoeutic actions on osteooorosis     

Antioxidant and antitumor efficacy of Luteolin,a dietary flavone on benzo(a)pyrene-induced experimental lung carcinogenesis

The present study is designed to assess the antioxidant and antitumor potential of luteolin against benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P]-induced lung carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice. Here, we reported that oral administration of B(a)P (50 mg/kg body weight) to mice resulted in raised lipid peroxides (LPO), lung specific tumor markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and neuron specific enolase (NSE) with concomitant decrease in the levels of both enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST), and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin E and vitamin C. Luteolin treatment (15 mg/kg body weight, p.o) significantly counteracted all these alterations and maintained cellular normalcy. Moreover, assessment of protein expression levels by western blot analysis revealed that luteolin treatment effectively negates B(a)P-induced upregulated expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Furthermore, histopathology of lung tissue and immunohistochemistry of CYP1A1 were carried out to substantiate the anti- lung cancer effect of luteolin. Overall, these findings confirm the chemopreventive potential of luteolin against B(a)P induced lung carcinogenesis.     

AstragalosideII inhibits autophagic flux and enhance chemosensitivity of cisplatin in human cancer cells

Inhibition of autophagy has been daily served as a promising anti-cancer treatment strategies. AstragalosideII (ASII), a main compound isolated from traditional Chinese medicine Radix Astragali, has been demonstrated to inhibit autophagy and reverse multidrug resistance in human hepatic cancer cells Bel-7402/5-FU. In this study, we inspected the function and mechanisms of ASII and cisplatin on autophagy in human cancer cells, and assessed the effect of ASII on cisplatin-induced apoptosis. We found ASII increased LC3II protein level, p62 protein level and GFP-LC3 puncta accumulation in human cancer cells. Furthermore, we found that ASII downregulated the expression of lysosomal cathepsinB/L (CTSB/L) in EBSS medium and affected the lysosomal acidification. Finally, we demonstrated that cisplatin induced protective autophagy which was involved of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Moreover, ASII in conjunction with cisplatin significant reduced cell viability, arrested in S phase and increased apoptosis. In conclusion, these findings suggested that ASII served as autophagy inhibitor which restored chemosensitivity of anticancer agent cisplatin and enhanced tumor cell death.     

Anti-tumor activity of arjunolic acid against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cells in vivo and in vitro through blocking TGF-β type 1 receptor

We aimed to evaluate therapeutic potential of arjunolic acid (AA), in Terminalia Arjuna bark, on Ehrlich Ascites carcinoma (EAC) in-vivo and in-vitro. EAC was induced in fifty female Swiss albino mice. Two doses of AA was used 100 and 250 mg/kg. Arjunulic acid reduced tumor volume and cells count. AA decreased EAC cells viability and increased cell toxicity. Moreover, AA reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β, TGF-β type I receptor and latency-associated peptide levels associated with elevated IL-10 in-vivo and in-vitro. In conclusion, AA produced antitumor activity against EAC by increasing cytotoxicity and apoptosis and partially blocking the TGF-βR1 and affecting inflammatory cytokine levels.     

苍耳子中酚酸类化合物的鉴别及绿原酸的含量测定

目的:鉴别苍耳子药材中的酚酸类化合物,比较和分析不同产地苍耳子中绿原酸的含量,建立苍耳子的质量控制方法。方法:根据化合物的紫外光谱、液相色谱保留时间及质谱数据等综合信息鉴别苍耳子药材中的酚酸类成分,采用UPLC对苍耳子中绿原酸的含量进行测定,流动相甲醇-0.1%磷酸水溶液,检测波长为327 nm,流速为0.4 mL.min-1,柱温35℃。结果:对苍耳子药材中的9种酚酸类成分的化学归属进行了指认,并测定了24批苍耳子药材中绿原酸的含量,结果绿原酸在3.5～350 mg.L-1具有良好的线性关系(R2=0.999 9),平均回收率(n=6)为101.7%。结论:苍耳子中特征化学成分的识别可以显著增强其质量控制的准确性和专属性,而快速准确的指标成分含量测定方法,也是苍耳子质量控制的重要检测手段,定性与定量两方面结合,对于苍耳子药材及其相关产品的质量检测和控制具有重要意义。