逍遥方3种制剂疏肝解郁功效的谱效关系研究

目的:确定逍遥方3种制剂指纹图谱特征峰所代表的化学成分与疏肝解郁功效的关系,为建立"指纹图谱与药效关联"的中药质量控制模式提供理论依据和数据支持。方法:HPLC法研究逍遥方3种不同制剂的化学成分,即传统丸剂、汤剂、新制剂,采用复合病因肝郁脾虚模型探究其药理效应,灰关联度分析法解析逍遥方3种制剂的谱效关系。结果:逍遥方3种制剂疏肝解郁的功效是其所有化学成分共同作用的结果,按照关联度的大小排列逍遥方不同制剂指纹图谱对疏肝解郁作用相关的成分峰来源,依次为新制剂峰>汤剂峰>丸剂峰。结论:新制剂所用工艺合理、质量稳定,该评价方法对经典名方的研究与开发具有重要的价值。     

灯盏花素分散片及灯盏花素原料的HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的:建立灯盏花素分散片及灯盏花素原料的HPLC指纹图谱分析方法.方法:采用HPLC法测定,色谱柱为Agilent TC-C18(4.6 mm× 250 mm,5μm),流动相乙腈-0.1 mol·L-1醋酸铵(磷酸调pH 3.0),梯度洗脱,检测波长335 nm,流速0.8 mL·min-1,柱温35℃.结果:应用“中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统”对灯盏花素分散片及灯盏花素原料各批次进行了质量评价,相似度均≥0.99,方法精密度、稳定性和重复性良好.结论:所建立的液相色谱指纹图谱专属性和特征性强,可以有效地控制灯盏花素分散片及其原料的质量.     

HPLC法测定流苏石斛精制饮片中石斛酚的含量

目的：建立流苏石斛精制饮片中的石斛酚的含量测定方法。方法：采用Hypersil–C18（200mm×4.6mm,5μm）为色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0.05%三氟乙酸（梯度洗脱）,流速为1.0m L/min,检测波长为230nm。结果：石斛酚进样量在0.4~4.0μg范围内有良好的线性关系,r=0.9994,平均回收率99.65%,RSD为1.87%。结论：所建立方法操作简便、准确、可靠、重复性好,可用于流苏石斛精制饮片中石斛酚的含量测定。     

Replacing antibodies with modified DNA aptamers in vaccine potency assays

Vaccine in vitro potency assays are vital regulatory tests that are used to confirm the presence and concentration of an antigen of interest in a form that directly or indirectly relates to protective activity in patients. Current assays come in many forms, but they almost exclusively use antibody reagents for selective detection of the target antigen. Antibodies provide specific recognition of vaccine antigens but also exhibit drawbacks such as stability limitations, cost, and lot-to-lot variation, which can make it challenging to maintain the reagent throughout the lifetime of the vaccine.We explored replacing antibodies with aptamers. Aptamers are macromolecules, such as nucleic acids, which can bind to their targets with high specificity and affinity, similar to that of antibodies. Some of the advantages of using aptamers over antibodies is that aptamers can be more stable, smaller, less expensive to produce, synthesized in vitro, and logistically easier to supply throughout the multi-decade lifespan of a commercial vaccine. We created modified DNA aptamers against the common vaccine carrier protein, CRM₁₉₇. Several aptamers were discovered and one was chosen for further characterization. The binding kinetics of the aptamer revealed an off-rate 16-fold slower than anti-CRM₁₉₇ antibodies used for comparison. The aptamers were more sensitive than available antibodies in some assay formats and comparable in others. The aptamer epitope was mapped to the receptor-binding domain of CRM₁₉₇, a site adjacent to a known antibody binding site. These data address some key aspects for a path forward in replacing antibodies with aptamers for use as critical reagents in vaccine assays. We further highlight the possibility of using nucleic acid reagents to develop next generation potency assays.     

新冠肺炎方舱核酸检测基地感染防控策略

方舱核酸检测基地是实现快速大规模核酸筛查、控制新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的核心设施,但由于其检测机构众多、人员构成复杂、水平参差不齐,感染防控风险较大.在张家界航空工业职业技术学院核酸检测基地的实践中,工作人员探索出一套完整的感染防控方案和流程:基地选址、布局、路径规划,完善感染防控组织架构和制定感染防控制度,人员和路径的管...     

HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS快速鉴别吴茱萸中的生物碱类组分

目的:应用高效液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间串联质谱法(HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS)快速获取吴茱萸中生物碱类组分信息。方法:采用Inter Sustain-C_(18)色谱柱(4. 6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以0. 2%甲酸水-乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱,柱温25℃,流速1.0 mL·min~(-1),进样量5μL。检测波长245 nm,采用正、负离子2种模式对色谱流出物进行检测与分析。结果:通过分子离子峰和二级质谱特征碎片离子,结合对照品的质谱信息和相关文献报道,对40余个主要峰进行成分分析,最终从吴茱萸甲醇提取物中鉴定了21种生物碱,包括10种吲哚生物碱,10种喹诺酮生物碱,1种麻黄碱,基本明确了吴茱萸中生物碱的主要类型成分。并且研究发现这几种生物碱类组分主要在正模式下有较好响应。结论:基于HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS技术,通过高效液相色谱分离,质谱测定相对分子质量、裂解数据、文献分析检索,能快捷、准确、较全面地鉴定吴茱萸中的生物碱类化学成分,为吴茱萸化学成分的进一步提取分离和药效物质基础的研究提供科学依据。     

石杉型三萜类化合物及其生物活性研究进展

石杉型三萜类化合物是石松科植物的特征性成分。目前,从各种植物中共分离得到189个石杉型三萜类化合物,分为一般结构和特殊结构2大类型。一般结构石杉型三萜根据环上氧连接官能团的数量多少可以分为二醇类、三醇类和多醇类。特殊结构石杉型三萜主要有三萜苷类、开环类、环氧类、失碳类、D环为五元环类及D/E环顺式骈合类。其中一些成分在抗肿瘤、细胞毒、抑制胆碱酯酶及β位淀粉样前体蛋白裂解酶1、抑制白色念珠菌分泌型天冬氨酸蛋白酶等方面表现出较好的活性。从石杉型三萜类化合物的植物来源、化学结构和生物活性等方面进行综述,为该类化合物的后续研究提供一定的参考。     

A new prognostic histopathologic classiifcation ofnasopharyngeal carcinoma

Background:The current World Health Organization (WHO) classiifcation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) con?veys little prognostic information. This study aimed to propose an NPC histopathologic classiifcation that can poten?tially be used to predict prognosis and treatment response. Methods:We initially developed a histopathologic classiifcation based on the morphologic traits and cell differentia?tion of tumors of 2716 NPC patients who were identiifed at Sun Yat?sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) (training cohort). Then, the proposed classiifcation was applied to 1702 patients (retrospective validation cohort) from hospitals outside SYSUCC and 1613 patients (prospective validation cohort) from SYSUCC. The effcacy of radiochemotherapy and radiotherapy modalities was compared between the proposed subtypes. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% conifdence intervals (CI) for overall survival (OS). Results:The 5?year OS rates for all NPC patients who were diagnosed with epithelial carcinoma (EC; 3708 patients), mixed sarcomatoid?epithelial carcinoma (MSEC; 1247 patients), sarcomatoid carcinoma (SC; 823 patients), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; 253 patients) were 79.4%, 70.5%, 59.6%, and 42.6%, respectively (P<0.001). In mul?tivariate models, patients with MSEC had a shorter OS than patients with EC (HR=1.44, 95% CI=1.27–1.62), SC (HR=2.00, 95% CI=1.76–2.28), or SCC (HR=4.23, 95% CI=3.34–5.38). Radiochemotherapy signiifcantly improved survival compared with radiotherapy alone for patients with EC (HR=0.67, 95% CI=0.56–0.80), MSEC (HR=0.58, 95% CI=0.49–0.75), and possibly for those with SCC (HR=0.63; 95% CI=0.40–0.98), but not for patients with SC (HR=0.97, 95% CI=0.74–1.28). Conclusions:The proposed classiifcation offers more information for the prediction of NPC prognosis compared with the WHO classiifcation and might be a valuable tool to guide treatment decisions for subtypes that are associ?ated with a poor prognosis.     

湘潭农村居民结核潜伏感染现状及影响因素研究

目的 了解湖南省湘潭农村居民结核感染现状及其影响因素,为农村居民结核病防控提供科学的数据支撑。方法 采取整群随机抽样方法,抽取湘潭县中路铺镇6个自然村为研究现场,以这6个村5岁及以上常住人群为研究对象,采用γ-干扰素释放试验(IGRA)检测其结核分枝杆菌感染情况,运用单因素和多因素研究方法探讨其影响因素。结果 本研究应检人数5 440人,实检4 913人,受检率为90.3%。 受检人群潜伏感染率为26.0%(1 276/4 913),其中男性为29.8%(660/2 216),女性22.8%(616/2 697),差异有统计学意义(χ²=30.502,P<0.001);不同年龄组QuantiFERONTB Gold In-Tube (QFT)阳性率的差异有统计学意义(χ²=297.531,P<0.001),年龄越大结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染率越高。非条件二分类logistic回归分析显示:吸烟人群(OR=1.684,95%CI=1.462~1.939)、年龄46~60岁(OR=2.076,95%CI=1.748~2.465)、年龄>60岁(OR=3.152,95%CI=2.655~3.741);BMI<18.5 kg/m²:(OR=1.792,95%CI=1.397~2.300)、BMI 24~27.9 kg/m²:(OR=2.037,95%CI=1.563~2.656)、BMI≥28 kg/m²:(OR=2.597,95%CI=1.899~3.551)、有结核密切接触史(OR=1.214,95%CI=1.021~1.442)是结核潜伏感染的影响因素。结论 湘潭农村居民结核分枝杆菌感染率较高,感染的重点人群为老年人、吸烟人群、BMI异常人群以及有结核密切接触史的人群,需对以上重点人群采取针对性的措施。     

Fully automatic segmentation of the mitral leaflets in 3D transesophageal echocardiographic images using multi-atlas joint label fusion and deformable medial modeling

Comprehensive visual and quantitative analysis of in vivo human mitral valve morphology is central to the diagnosis and surgical treatment of mitral valve disease. Real-time 3D transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE) is a practical, highly informative imaging modality for examining the mitral valve in a clinical setting. To facilitate visual and quantitative 3D TEE image analysis, we describe a fully automated method for segmenting the mitral leaflets in 3D TEE image data. The algorithm integrates complementary probabilistic segmentation and shape modeling techniques (multi-atlas joint label fusion and deformable modeling with continuous medial representation) to automatically generate 3D geometric models of the mitral leaflets from 3D TEE image data. These models are unique in that they establish a shape-based coordinate system on the valves of different subjects and represent the leaflets volumetrically, as structures with locally varying thickness. In this work, expert image analysis is the gold standard for evaluating automatic segmentation. Without any user interaction, we demonstrate that the automatic segmentation method accurately captures patient-specific leaflet geometry at both systole and diastole in 3D TEE data acquired from a mixed population of subjects with normal valve morphology and mitral valve disease.