Protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 overexpression predicts biochemical recurrence in men with prostate cancer

BackgroundProtein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) has been reported to be implicated into the completion of cytokinesis and is dys-regulated in a cancer-specific manner. However, it roles in human prostate cancer (PCa) remain unclear. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the expression pattern of PRC1 and its clinical significance in this malignancy.Materials and methodsPRC1 protein expression in human PCa and non-cancerous prostate tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry, which was validated by microarray-based Taylor data at mRNA level. Then, the associations of PRC1 expression with clinicopathological features and clinical outcome of PCa patients were statistically analyzed.ResultsPRC1 expression in PCa tissues, at both mRNA and protein levels, were significantly higher than those in non-cancerous prostate tissues. In addition, the PCa patients with PRC1 overexpression more frequently had high Gleason score, advanced pathological stage, positive metastasis, short overall survival time and positive PSA failure than those with low Gleason score, early pathological stage, negative metastasis, long overall survival time and negative PSA failure (all P < 0.05). Moreover, PRC1 expression was identified as an unfavorable prognostic factor of biochemical recurrence-free survival in PCa patients (P < 0.001).ConclusionThese findings suggest that the aberrant expression of PRC1 may predict biochemical recurrence in men with PCa highlighting its potential as a prognostic marker of this malignancy.     

A Novel Biological Nano Confinement Inhibits Cancer Metastasis

Cancer is a complex genetic disease hallmarked with a strong competitive capacity in energy and utilization of substances compared to normal cells, which is partially due to the ability to adjust their metabolism in response to environmental changes. During the lifespan of cancer cells, either during carcinogenesis, progress, or metastasis, massive energy and other substances are essential prerequisites, however, the underlying mechanisms are controversial and still remain unclear. Understanding how cancer cells seize much of the energy and other substances than normal cells is of utmost importance for next-generation cancer therapy, along with the finding of novel drug target and drug design. Recent reports about ‘mitochondrial hijack’ of cancer cells through selfassembled protein nanotubes connected with normal cells and ‘graded messengers pool’ in cytoplasm have evoked a great interest. Considering the widely discussed ‘nanodomain’ in physical and chemical areas, we proposed the concept of biological nano confinement (BNC), by which we may rationally elucidate the priorities of solid tumors on utilization of energy and substances at hypoxia, and less nutrition supplying environments both extraand intra-cellular. The ultimate objective was to address the confusion that CAR-T therapies are effective for hematological cancers but less effective for solid tumors and also to reveal the fact that chimeric antigens receptor-T (CAR-T) adjuvant therapy with chemotherapy has synergetic enhancement effects. In turn, developing novel inhibitors to depolymerize biological nanoconfinement is urgently needed.     

Inhibition of PRRX2 suppressed colon cancer liver metastasis via inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

The aim of this study was to investigate whether PRRX2 may regulate the liver metastasis of colon cancer via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. PRRX2 and β-catenin in patients with the liver metastases of colon cancer was detected by immunochemistry. Colon cancer cells (CT-26 and CMT93) were divided into Normal, si-Ctrl, si-PRRX2 and si-PRRX2 +LiCl groups. Cell invasive and migrating abilities and the related proteins were detected. Liver-metastatic mice model was constructed consisting of Normal, NC shRNA and PRRX2 shRNA groups to examine the function of PRRX2 shRNA on liver metastasis. We found that PRRX2 and β-catenin positive rate was elevated in colon cancer tissues, especially in those tissues with liver metastasis, and there was a close relation between PRRX2 and the clinical staging, lymph node metastasis and numbers of liver metastases of colon cancer patients with liver metastasis. In vitro, the invasive and migrating abilities of CT-26 and CMT93 cells decreased apparently in the si-PRRX2 group, with down-regulation of PRRX2, p-GSK3β^Ser9/GSK3β, nucleus and cytoplasm β-catenin, TCF4 and Vimentin but up-regulation of E-cadherin. However, LiCl, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway activator, can reverse the inhibitory effect of si-PRRX2 on invasive and migrating ability of colon cancer cells. In vivo, the volume and weight of transplanted tumor and the number of liver metastases in the PRRX2 shRNA group were significantly reduced, with the similar protein expression patterns as in vitro. In a word, PRRX2 inhibition may reduce invasive and migrating abilities to hinder epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and suppress colon cancer liver metastasis through inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.     

振源胶囊对细胞色素P_(450)酶CYP1A2、CYP3A4、CYP2E1的影响

目的:研究振源胶囊对细胞色素P450酶CYP1A2、CYP3A4、CYP2E1的影响。方法:用Cocktail探针药物法,将Wistar大鼠随机分组,灌胃给予振源胶囊溶液,以生理盐水组为空白对照,诱导10d,于股动脉插管,注射给予3种探针药物咖啡因、氨苯砜、氯唑沙宗,通过高效液相色谱法检测各探针药物的代谢率来评价各组CYP1A2、CYP3A4、CYP2E1亚型酶的活性;药动学计算采用DAS2.0软件完成。结果:给予振源胶囊的大鼠,咖啡因代谢加快,半衰期缩短;氨苯砜代谢减慢,半衰期延长;氯唑沙宗半衰期与空白对照组比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:振源胶囊对大鼠CYP1A2有诱导作用,对CYP3A4有抑制作用,对CYP2E1的作用不明显。     

糖尿病性视网膜病变所致玻璃体积血早期手术的效果

目的:评价增生型糖尿病性视网膜病变(PDR)所致玻璃体积血早期手术的效果。方法:回顾性分析2016年6月至2020年6月甘肃省人民医院玻璃体切除手术治疗PDR所致玻璃体积血73例(78眼)的临床资料。根据玻璃体积血时间分为三组：A组,病程<1个月,28眼;B组,病程为1~3个月,26眼;C组,病程>3个月,24眼。所有...     

玻璃体切除术中刮除角膜上皮的三类人群术后疼痛程度的比较

目的对玻璃体切除术中刮除角膜上皮的3类人群的术后疼痛程度进行比较。方法对玻璃体切除术中必须刮除角膜上皮的眼外伤18例（18眼）、糖尿病23例（23眼）、无眼外伤无全身病者20例（20眼）在术后4h、8h、12h、24h用视觉模拟评分法（VAS）进行术后疼痛程度的比较。结果术后4h眼外伤患者平均疼痛评分为5．51±2．13,糖尿病患者为3．96±2．42,无眼外伤及全身病者平均疼痛评分为4．73±2．53,差异有统计学意义;术后12h分别为4．82±2．16、3．30±2．12和4．35±2．48,差异有统计学意义;术后24h分别为4．16±2．32、3．11±2．04和3．85±2．36,差异无统计学意义。结论刮除角膜上皮的3个组中,术后12h以内,眼外伤组和无眼外伤及全身病组疼痛明显强于糖尿病组,术后24h及48h3组疼痛程度无明显差异。     

骨折局部注射结缔组织生长因子后骨保护素和血管内皮生长因子的表达

背景：研究发现结缔组织生长因子在软骨发育过程中起重要作用,并具有强烈的促血管增殖作用,但其对骨折愈合的影响尚不清楚。目的：观察局部注射结缔组织生长因子对骨折愈合过程中骨保护素和血管内皮生长因子表达的影响及作用机制。方法：40只SD大鼠随机分为2组,建立胫骨干骨折模型后实验组动物即刻在骨折断端注射结缔组织生长因子0.1μg/kg,对照组注射等量生理盐水,隔日1次。结果与结论：实验组骨痂组织的早期即可见大量软骨细胞;免疫组织化学染色显示实验组骨保护素和血管内皮生长因子的表达均较对照组明显增强（P〈0.05）,并且两者表达的高峰期与对照组相比有所延长,有效缩短了两者表达高峰期之间的时间间隔。提示局部注射外源性生长因子结缔组织生长因子能增加骨折愈合过程中骨保护素和血管内皮生长因子在骨痂组织中的表达,并能改变两者的表达高峰期进而促进骨折愈合。     

白塞病患者冠脉痉挛及Ⅲ°房室传导阻滞1例

<正>1临床资料患者男性,54岁,因“发作性胸闷6 h,晕厥2次”急诊入院。于入院前6 h无明显诱因突发胸闷、气短,伴头晕、大汗,随之意识丧失,发作数分钟后症状逐渐自行缓解,1 h后再次出现上述症状,伴恶心、呕吐少量胃内容物,发作十数分钟后症状较前略有减轻,急诊送至甘肃省人民医院。急诊行心电图检查示：窦性心律电轴正常急性下壁心肌梗死改变Ⅲ°房室传导阻滞（AVB）（见图1）。     

抗血小板治疗与胃肠道出血新进展

冠心病是一种最常见的心脏病,斑块的不稳定、破裂以及血栓形成是贯穿于冠心病发病过程的主要矛盾,随着药物洗脱支架、经皮冠状动脉介入技术日趋成熟,置入药物洗脱支架后联合应用抗血小板聚集药物可明显减少心脏事件的发生。经抗血小板治疗在减少血栓事件的同时也给患者带来了出血的风险,一旦胃肠道出血则对抗血小板治疗形成了十分严峻的挑战,在临床中充分权衡二者的利弊,合理应用。     

碎裂QRS波群——心电图的新概念

碎裂QRS是指碎裂QRS两个连续导联呈RSR’型（≥1个R’波、R波或S波存在切迹）,但并无典型束支传导阻滞的心电图图形。碎裂QRS可能是一种特殊类型的心肌梗死,是心脏事件的预测因子和心肌瘢痕的标志,也是室壁瘤的标志。