暂时性腹主动脉阻断术在骨盆骨折大出血急救中的应用

目的探讨股动脉插管暂时性腹主动脉阻断术治疗严重骨盆骨折大出血的急救方法。方法2003年5月-2007年5月，对14例复杂性骨盆骨折后3—6h内经多通道输血3000mL左右、输液3000mL左右而生命体征不能维持的患者采用股动脉插管暂时性腹主动脉阻断术治疗，同时行髂内血管结扎，腹膜后止血处理。结果14例骨盆骨折大出血患者均被成功抢救。出血量最多者为8000mL，平均回输血量为4000mL。患者术后病情平稳，降低了因骨盆骨折大出血而造成的一系列并发症的发生，取得满意的治疗效果。结论骨盆骨折大出血的早期急救是降低死亡率的主要环节，应该积极、正确、动态、迅速评估患者的伤情。不能过于保守，以免延误病情。错失抢救时机。股动脉插管暂时性腹主动脉阻断术是有效的止血方法之一。     

髋臼骨折骨不连的治疗

目的 探讨髋臼骨折骨不连的发生原因及治疗方法。方法 1995年5月-2005年8月收治髋臼骨折骨不连患者10例，8例为手术后发生骨不连，第一次手术至第二次手术时间为10～24个月，平均15个月。术前仔细分析髋臼骨折损伤类型及发生骨不连的原因，根据发生骨不连部位分别采取Kocher-Langenbeck切口、髂腹股沟切口或前后联合切口手术，彻底清理骨折端，均行植骨内固定治疗。结果 9例患者获得15～27个月（平均19个月）随访，经二次手术，骨折骨不连均达到骨性愈合。髋关节功能按照Matta的评分标准：优3例，良5例，可1例。结论 髋臼骨折骨不连多由于治疗者缺乏髋臼骨折治疗经验、治疗措施不当引起。准确掌握手术适应证、术前明确骨折分类、把握手术时机、正确选择切口、满意的复位和正确的内固定方式是预防术后骨不连的关键。     

85岁以上老年人髋部骨折围手术期治疗

目的:探讨老年人髋部骨折围手术期治疗。方法:1999年9月-2006年1月治疗85岁以上老年人髋部骨折68例,男31例,女37例;年龄85~93岁,平均87岁;左髋31例,右髋37例。有60例存在一种以上的并存症。人工股骨头置换术28例,加压空心钉固定21例,动力髋固定19例。术前应积极治疗并存疾病,手术采用硬膜外麻醉,尽力缩短手术时间,术后加强护理。结果:68例中术中休克1例,术后由于消化道出血死亡1例,所有患者围手术期切口无感染。结论:对于85岁以上老年患者髋部骨折,只要术前准备充分,术中尽力缩短手术时间,术后加强护理,是能度过围手术期的。     

外侧穿针与"Slongo's"外固定架两种术式在大龄儿童肱骨髁上骨折手术治疗中的疗效比较

目的 比较外侧克氏针与"Slongo''s"外固定架两种术式在大龄儿童肱骨髁上骨折手术治疗中的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2020年12月本院收治手术的>8岁的伸直型儿童肱骨髁上骨折患儿52例，其中一组患儿采用外侧克氏针内固定手术治疗，另一组采用"Slongo''s"外固定架手术治疗。比较两组患儿基本情况，同时进行术后复查随访评价肘关节功能，观察患儿并发症情况。结果 与外固定架组相比，克氏针组住院及手术时间较短，透视次数较少（P<0.05）。外固定架组患儿在恢复日常生活屈伸活动度（ROM-ADL）时间上较克氏针组显著缩短（P<0.05）。最后一次复查两组患儿提携角、肘关节活动度（ROM）及Flynn评分无显著统计学差异（P>0.05）。随访时间6~29个月，两组患儿未出现医源性副损伤及其他严重并发症。结论 外侧克氏针和"Slongo''s"外固定架均是治疗大龄儿童肱骨髁上骨折的有效手段。如果手术采用单纯克氏针固定，建议首选外侧穿针作为置钉方式，手术较为安全简便，术中透视次数更少；外固定架术后可以实现肘关节的早期活动，使患儿肘关节更早地恢复正常的功能。     

Is open acute Achilles tendon rupture repair still justified? A single center experience and critical appraisal of the literature

IntroductionAcute Achilles tendon ruptures are injuries with multiple treatment strategies with possibly far reaching consequences. Open repair is associated with a high complication rate, whereas percutaneous techniques are associated with higher re-rupture rates. The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome and economic burden of open surgical repair and define a medically and economically sound treatment protocol for acute Achilles tendon ruptures.MethodsBetween June 2012 and December 2016 one hundred and five patients with an acute Achilles tendon rupture, treated in an open surgical manner, were studied retrospectively. All demographic, clinical and hospital-related costs were retrieved from the electronic patient database. ATRS questionnaires were sent to assess the functional outcome. A response rate of 70.5% was achieved.ResultsWe recorded a complication rate of 40%, respectively sural nerve hypoesthesia (14.3%), delayed wound healing (28.6%), infection (20.9%) and re-rupture (4.8%). Surgical resident, as primary operating surgeon was associated with a higher complication rate (p = 0.042). Overall, a median functional ATRS score of 17 (IQR 6.5–39.5) was recorded. Infection was associated with significantly higher total healthcare costs per patient as compared to re-rupture (€17,435 vs. €4,537, p = 0.013). The total cost for surgical debridement (n = 6) was approximately 5-times higher than for re-rupture (n = 5), €108,382 vs. €22,272. The median ATRS score for surgical debridement after infection and re-rupture did not differ significantly from the overall ATRS score, respectively 32 (IQR 21–63) and 28 (IQR 15–28). Nevertheless, a difference of 10 points is considered clinically relevant.ConclusionThe overall functional outcome of open repair of Achilles tendon ruptures is rather good, however associated with a high complication rate, mainly due to wound problems and infection. Although several risk factors were identified, only the operating surgeon is modifiable. Considering the high total costs for surgical debridement in the context of infection compared to re-rupture surgery, despite equal functional outcome,we decided to change clinical practice to reduce the complication rate and healthcare costs. The outcome and precise costs for percutaneous repair will be addressed.     

Influence of Depressive Symptoms on the Clinical Outcomes of Total Ankle Arthroplasty

Many studies have reported the relevance of depression on clinical outcomes after knee or hip arthroplasty. However, no study has investigated this relationship in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA). This study aimed to study the relationship between depressive symptoms and clinical outcomes after TAA. This retrospective comparative study investigated 40 patients who underwent TAA for end-stage ankle arthritis. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Preoperative and postoperative clinical outcomes were compared using the visual analog scale (VAS) and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scores by classifying the subjects into depressive and nondepressive groups. The mean follow-up duration was 24.3 ± 7.3 (range 14 to 37) months. There were 13 and 27 subjects in the depressive and nondepressive groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics and preoperative VAS and AOFAS scores between them. The postoperative VAS score was significantly higher in the depressive group (3.1 ± 2.4) than in the nondepressive group (1.4 ± 2.3; p < .001). The postoperative AOFAS scores in the depressive and nondepressive groups were 89.3 ± 13.4 and 95.0 ± 8.1, respectively, showing a significantly superior result in the latter group (p < .001). The clinical outcomes after TAA were poorer in the patients with depressive symptoms than in those without. Depressive symptoms are patient-specific factors or independent predictors that show less improvement after TAA. Therefore, clinical considerations of these symptoms are essential before TAA.     

Hallux valgus correction with a new percutaneous distal osteotomy: Surgical technique and medium term outcomes

BackgroundMany procedures and different osteotomies have been described for percutaneous hallux valgus correction. Percutaneous techniques may lead to reduced morbidity, surgery, and recovery time. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcome of a new percutaneous procedure (PBS-Percutaneous Bianchi System).MethodsFifty-eight cases were treated with Percutaneous Bianchi System procedure for correction of mild, moderate or severe hallux valgus deformity. All patients were clinically assessed preoperatively and then followed up by weight-bearing x-rays, AOFAS (American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score), VAS (Visual Analog Scale) pain score, and patient satisfaction.ResultsAOFAS scores improved from 28.6 at the preoperative assessment to 91.7 at the latest follow-up. The VAS pain score improved from 6.7 before surgery to 0.6 at the latest follow-up. The mean Hallux valgus angle (HVA), Intermetatarsal angle (IMA) and Distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA) significatively decreased from the preoperative assessment to the latest follow-up.ConclusionsThe PBS technique is a safe, reliable, and effective procedure for the correction of symptomatic mild-to-severe hallux valgus.     

反式全肩关节置换治疗盂肱关节骨关节炎伴巨大肩袖撕裂

目的探讨反式全肩关节置换术治疗盂肱关节骨关节炎合并巨大肩袖撕裂的近期临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年12月在南部战区总医院接受初次反式全肩关节置换术治疗的15例盂肱关节骨关节炎合并巨大肩袖撕裂患者,均有肩关节持续性疼痛、功能障碍,且三角肌无损伤具有功能;排除有臂丛或腋神经损伤以及有肩关节手术史的患者。评估其术前、术后1年的肩关节主动活动度,使用美国肩肘外科协会(ASES)肩关节评分、加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)最终结果评分评价肩关节功能,分析X线及CT并发症出现情况。采用配对t检验对术前及术后的活动度和评分差异进行性分析。 结果15例患者均顺利完成手术并获得随访,随访时间17个月(范围12～36个月)。反式全肩关节置换术后1年肩关节主动前屈(124±11)°较术前(58±18)°提高(t＝14.316,P<0.01),外展(120±12)°较术前(58±20)°提高(t＝9.959,P<0.01),内旋较术前改善,外旋(26±8)°较术前(25±9)°无明显变化(t＝1.598,P>0.05),术后1年ASES评分(78±7)显著高于术前(33±8)(t＝16.487,P<0.01);术后1年UCLA评分(31±4)显著高于术前(15±3)(t＝12.826,P<0.01)。 结论RTSA能够有效治疗盂肱关节骨关节炎合并巨大肩袖撕裂,取得了良好的早期临床效果,但术后肩关节外旋无明显改善,术前需评价小圆肌情况以确定相关治疗方案。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间创伤骨科加速康复外科病房信息化健康教育的应用

背景:基于信息化技术与加速康复外科(ERAS)理念探索在新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期间优质高效的健康教育方式。目的:对COVID-19疫情期间创伤骨科ERAS病房信息化健康教育的实施效果进行研究。方法:采用非同期对照研究。其中2019年11~12月300例骨折患者为对照组,实施ERAS常规健康教育;2020年2~3月300例骨折患者为干预组,实施ERAS信息化健康教育,即组建信息化健康教育ERAS-MDT,健康教育内容在ERAS相关知识基础上增加最新COVID-19相关知识,实施多元化、多模式的信息化ERAS健康教育。结果:两组患者性别、年龄、学历、现居住地、骨折类型、住院时间等一般资料差异均无统计学意义,具有可比性。干预组患者健康教育知晓情况明显优于对照组患者(P均<0.001),干预组患者对COVID-19相关知识的知晓度较高;与对照组患者比较,干预组患者对ERAS健康教育依从性、满意度较高(P均<0.001)。干预组患者COVID-19院内感染率为0。结论:将信息化方式应用于患者的ERAS健康教育中,形成多元化、多模式信息化ERAS健康教育模式,符合COVID-19疫情特殊时期需求,有利于患者加速康复。