β-磷酸三钙脱有机质骨的成骨性能

背景：人工发孔方法制备的β-磷酸三钙材料在孔隙结构上与天然松质骨的孔隙结构存在巨大的差异，进而影响了其本身的生物学性能。 目的：采用体内成骨试验方法验证牛松质骨煅烧制备的β-磷酸三钙脱有机质骨的体内成骨活性。 设计、时间及地点：对比观察，动物体内实验，于2005-07/2006-10在解放军总医院骨科研究所完成。 材料：将健康牛松质骨脱去有机成分后，经2次高温煅烧方法制备形成β-磷酸三钙脱有机质骨标准试件，经辐照灭菌后备用。 方法：健康新西兰大白兔12只，按4，8，12周3个取材时间分成3组，每组4只，将β-磷酸三钙脱有机质骨4个试件随机植入上述3组动物一侧下肢的骨缺损中，同时在每只兔另一侧下肢制备相同骨缺损模型，不植入任何材料，为空白对照。 主要观察指标：于材料植入后1 d以及4，8，12周分别拍摄兔膝关节正侧位X射线片，观察缺损部位新骨形成情况，并与空白对照组进行对比。 结果：随着β-磷酸三钙脱有机质骨植入时间的延长，材料周边及中心部位逐渐有新生骨组织长入，但植入的材料无明显降解吸收，新骨长入量有限。空白对照至12周仅缺损周围有少量新骨生成。 结论：β-磷酸三钙脱有机质骨具有体内成骨活性，但降解缓慢影响新骨的替代和改建过程。     

A comparison of three methods of skin closure following repair of Achilles tendon rupture

Meticulous skin closure is required to avoid wound problems after Achilles tendon surgery. The purpose of our study was to compare postoperative complication rate, operation time, clinical outcome and patient satisfaction with the wound among two topical skin adhesives (2-octyl cyanoacrylate and n-butyl cyanoacrylate) and conventional nylon skin sutures in Achilles tendon repair surgery. We retrospectively reviewed the records 122 consecutive patients (40 patient in nylon skin suture, 43 patients in 2-octyl cyanoacrylate and 39 patients in n-butyl cyanoacrylate) who underwent surgical repair for acute Achilles tendon rupture between 2012 and 2016. The primary outcome measure was the development of complications in the wound. Secondary outcome measures included the operative time, the Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) and patient satisfaction with the wound. There was no difference in complication rate in the wound (p = 0.694) and in ATRS (p = 0.824) among patients in the three groups. Mean operative time in nylon skin suture group was significantly longer than in the 2-octyl cyanoacrylate group and n-butyl cyanoacrylate group (p = 0.018 and p = 0.002, respectively). Patient satisfaction in the 2-octyl cyanoacrylate and n-butyl cyanoacrylate groups was significantly higher than in the nylon skin suture group (p = 0.015 and 0.018, respectively). The use of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate and n-butyl cyanoacrylate topical skin adhesives for skin closure following repair of Achilles tendon rupture has equivalent effectiveness and safety compared to conventional nylon skin suture, but higher patient satisfaction. Despite its higher cost, these topical skin adhesives are viable alternatives for wound closure in patients who regard cosmetic outcomes as important.     

骶髂关节前入路钢板治疗骨盆后环损伤17例

目的：评价骶髂关节前入路钢板治疗骨盆后环损伤的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析骶髂关节前入路钢板治疗骨盆后环损伤17例临床效果。结果：17例中TileB型8例,C型9例,双钢板治疗5例,单钢板12例,手术时间平均3．6h（2．0-4．5h）,平均出血1800ml（800-4200m1）,14例随访平均27．4个月（6-42个月）,后环损伤平均移位16mm（4-28mm）,骨折愈合,轻度跛行3例。无感染发生。结论：骶髂关节前入路钢板治疗骨盆后环损伤能获得良好的复位和稳定的固定。     

Estimated Brain Tissue Response Following Impacts Associated With and Without Diagnosed Concussion

Kinematic measurements of head impacts are sensitive to sports concussion, but not highly specific. One potential reason is these measures reflect input conditions only and may have varying degrees of correlation to regional brain tissue deformation. In this study, previously reported head impact data recorded in the field from high school and collegiate football players were analyzed using two finite element head models (FEHM). Forty-five impacts associated with immediately diagnosed concussion were simulated along with 532 control impacts without identified concussion obtained from the same players. For each simulation, intracranial response measures (max principal strain, strain rate, von Mises stress, and pressure) were obtained for the whole brain and within four regions of interest (ROI; cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem, corpus callosum). All response measures were sensitive to diagnosed concussion; however, large inter-athlete variability was observed and sensitivity strength depended on measure, ROI, and FEHM. Interestingly, peak linear acceleration was more sensitive to diagnosed concussion than all intracranial response measures except pressure. These findings suggest FEHM may provide unique and potentially important information on brain injury mechanisms, but estimations of concussion risk based on individual intracranial response measures evaluated in this study did not improve upon those derived from input kinematics alone.     

Dkk-1干预对骨关节炎的治疗作用

目的：探讨DickkopL1（Dkk-1）干预对骨关节炎的治疗作用.方法：构建兔膝关节炎模型,对比观察1个月后对照组、模型组、Dkk-1组的病理学表现,并进行Manikin＇s评分,评估Dkk-1的治疗效果.结果：兔膝关节炎模型构建成功,Dkk-1组虽然未达到对照组正常兔膝关节软骨状态,但使用Dkk-1干预较模型组单纯注射生理盐水膝关节炎病变明显好转.同时,对照组Manikin＇s评分为（0.63±0.50）分,模型组为（11.44±0.73）分,而Dkk-1组为（8.81±0.98）分.Dkk-1组Manikin＇s评分低于模型组,但高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P =0.005,P=0.007）.结论：Dkk-1干预可明显改善兔膝关节炎的病理表现和Manikins评分,但其机制和在人体应用尚需进一步研究.     

显微外科血循环自动监护仪研制与临床应用

目的：探寻显微外科术后血循环客观自动监护手段的可行性。方法：采用热电温度传感器与激光Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ血流检测两项检测指标构成并由微机控制研制成血循环自动监护仪。在动物实验的基础上，对临床不同种类的显微外科病例术后进行血循环自动监测。结果：监护仪性能稳定，灵敏度高，能准确地显示监测区的皮温值与血流值，超过阈值时能及时报警并自动打印记录。结论：监护仪为显微外科术后血循环的客观观察初步提供了一种新的自动监测手段。     

枢椎椎板螺钉固定的解剖学研究

目的:测量枢椎椎板和椎弓根的解剖学参数,探讨枢椎后路椎板螺钉固定的可行性。方法:用游标卡尺和量角器测量50例干燥枢椎标本与椎板螺钉进钉技术相关的解剖学数据,指标包括椎板上、中、下部分的厚度,椎板高度,椎弓根高度,椎弓根上、中部宽度,进钉点至椎动脉孔内侧壁及侧块中点的距离,椎板轴线与矢状面的夹角。结果:椎板上部厚度平均为4.34mm;中部厚度平均为6.16mm,16%小于5mm;下部厚度平均为6.15mm,18%小于5mm;椎板高度平均为12.30mm;椎弓根高度平均为8.25mm;椎弓根上部宽平均为7.39mm,16%小于5mm;中部宽平均为5.28mm,22%小于5mm;进钉点至椎动脉孔内侧壁及侧块中点的距离分别平均为32.52mm和28.23mm;椎板轴线与矢状面的夹角平均为43°。结论:枢椎后路椎板螺钉固定在国人是可行的,适用于88%的患者。与枢椎椎弓根螺钉固定相比,椎动脉损伤的危险性小,但其力学性能需进一步探讨。     

The evolution of eosinophilic granuloma of bone: A case report

A case of eosinophilic granuloma in the humerus of a three and a half year old boy is described with serial roentgenographic evidence of the lesion developing over a period of two months prior to the commencement of treatment. After open biopsy and local steroid injection the lesion was observed to heal during the next ten months.     

跨骨骺滑动钢板固定治疗复杂儿童股骨远端骨折的近期临床报告

目的 观察跨骨骺滑动钢板固定治疗复杂儿童股骨远端骨折的近期疗效,为跨骨骺滑动钢板治疗复杂儿童股骨远端骨折提供依据.方法自2008年6月～2010年6月,应用跨骨骺滑动钢板治疗13例复杂儿童股骨远端骨折,术后1、3、6个月对照健侧测量患肢力线、生长情况和观察骨折愈合情况;膝关节功能采用Schatzker-Lambert股...     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞成骨诱导分化的超微结构变化

背景:目前对骨髓间充质干细胞成骨诱导分化的超微结构观察的报道甚少.目的:采用全骨髓贴壁法分离培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,成骨诱导并染色鉴定,利用电镜观察诱导前后细胞超微结构变化特点.方法:全骨髓贴壁法体外分离、培养、纯化大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,流式细胞仪检测细胞表面标记物,成骨染色鉴定向成骨方向诱导分化,扫描电镜及透射电镜观察成骨诱导前后细胞超微结构变化.结果与结论:培养的第3代骨髓间充质干细胞纯度高、活力强,成骨诱导后的碱性磷酸酶活性染色、钙化结节染色均呈阳性.扫描电镜及透射电镜观察显示,经向成骨细胞诱导分化后,细胞形态铺展,不规则,其线粒体、粗面内质网、空泡明显增多,表明细胞功能活跃.