儿童行为问题影响因素的典型相关分析

目的:探讨不同因素对儿童行为的影响及相关性分析.方法:采用Achenbach儿童行为量表及自制调查问卷对儿童的行为及相关因素进行了调查,应用典型相关分析方法对儿童行为问题的影响因素进行了分析.结果:儿童行为问题检出率为8.2%,儿童身高、母亲年龄、父母关系等因素对儿童行为问题有影响(P<0.05).结论:典型相关分析结果更为科学,可为降低儿童行为问题的发生率提供更加科学的依据.     

扩张型心肌病大鼠心功能减弱与SlRTl表达下调有关

目的探讨SIRT1在扩张型心肌病（DCM）大鼠心肌中的表达及其意义。方法采用腹腔注射阿霉素8周建立大鼠DCM模型,彩色多普勒检测大鼠左心室结构和功能,采用免疫组织化学方法及Western blot技术检测心肌组织中SIRT1蛋白表达水平。结果与正常组相比,DCM组大鼠左室舒张期末径和左室收缩期末径均明显增大,左室射血分数明显下降;DCM大鼠心肌组织中SIRT1蛋白表达水平明显下调。结论 SIRT1在DCM心肌中表达下调,提示其与DCM的发生与发展相关。     

两种不同小梁切除术治疗开角型青光眼的Meta 分析

目的：评价非穿透性小梁手术和小梁切除对降低开角型青光眼患者眼压的疗效。

方法：计算机检索Cocharane图书馆、PubMed(1966～2013)、Embase(1980～2013)、中国生物医学文献数据库(1979～2013)中关于非穿透性小梁手术和小梁切除术对降低开角型青光眼患者眼压的疗效的随机对照试验、同时筛检纳入文献的参考文献。对文献质量进行评价,对符合质量标准的随机对照试验(Randomized Controlled Trial,RCT)用RevMan4.2软件进行Meta分析。

结果：共纳入10个RCT,7篇研究均显示,非穿透性小梁切除术与小梁切除术比较,小梁切除术能提高患者术后眼压降低的水平和手术的成功率,但是8篇研究均显示非穿透性小梁切除术较传统小梁切除术能更有效的降低术后并发症发生率。

结论：与非穿透性小梁切除术相比,传统小梁切除术能够提高眼压的降低水平和手术成功率; 而非穿透性小梁切除术能较好降低术后并发症的发生率。     

Impedance spectroscopy studies of interfacial acid–base reactions of self-assembled monolayers

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at fixed potential was performed with gold electrodes covered with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of derivatized thiols on gold including mercaptopropionic acid (MPAc), mercaptododecylamine (MDAm), mercaptohexadecanoic acid (MHAc) and hexadecanethiol (HDT) using electrochemically inactive electrolytes. A simple equivalent circuit of the total interfacial capacitance in series with the solution resistance was found to fit the impedance spectra. Dissociation of acidic groups and protonation of basic groups on the surface give rise to an increase of the total interfacial capacitance which can be monitored by means of ac impedance. The interfacial capacitance changes with pH reflect a titration curve and this allows for an estimation of surface pK-values. The magnitude of the changes of the capacitances due to ionization were dependent on the hydrocarbon chain length of the monolayer and on the ionic strength. In agreement with other techniques, surface pK values were found to be significantly different as compared with the corresponding molecular moities dissolved in aqueous solution.     

基础医学实验教学中心运行模式研究

武汉科技大学基础医学实验教学中心长期以来把提高本科教学质量作为工作重心,深化管理体制改革,加强中心化管理;完善分层次、多模块、与理论课既相互衔接又相对独立的实验教学体系;创建适应教学需求的基础医学实验教学新型运行模式,将中心建设成为培养具有综合知识和实践技能人才的基地,推进省级基础医学实验教学示范中心建设。     

一种新型普鲁兰微球的制备及其释药性能研究

目的 构建一种白血病治疗药物甲氨蝶呤（MTX）的新载体,探讨其对MTX的负载效率及其缓释性。方法 采用动态光散射（DLS）和扫描电镜（SEM）对载体载药前后的粒径、电位及形貌进行表征,紫外分光光度法测定MTX的含量。结果 平均粒径大小为1098 nm,Zeta电位为0.835 mV,载药后分别为1324 nm、0.727 mV,载药后粒径略有增加。MTX的载药量和包封率分别未（13.44±2.13）%、（58.7±4.6）%。SEM显示,该载体载药前后均为球形结构,证明微球制备成功。体外释放研究表明,微球负载的药物释放明显减缓,游离药物在10 h内可完全释放,但此时微球中的药物释放量仅30.0%左右,72 h仅释放78.6%。结论 负载MTX的胆甾醇疏水改性普鲁兰（CHP）微球属于微米级,具有较高的载药量和明显的缓释性。     

乙酰半胱氨酸雾化治疗小儿支气管肺炎的疗效及对血清炎性因子和肺功能的影响

目的探讨乙酰半胱氨酸雾化治疗小儿支气管肺炎的疗效及对血清炎性因子和肺功能的影响。方法选取本院2018年6月至2019年5月收治的儿童支气管肺炎患儿100例,随机分为对照组和观察组,各50例。两组患儿均给予吸氧、抗感染等对症治疗,对照组在此基础上给予布地奈德混悬液治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予乙酰半胱氨酸溶液治疗。比较两组临床疗效及治疗前后血清炎性因子(CRP、PCT及TNF-α)和肺功能指标(FVC、FEV1及FEV1%)。结果观察组总有效率为96.00%,明显高于对照组的80.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗前,两组CRP、PCT、TNF-α、FVC、FEV1及FEV1%比较差异无统计学意义;治疗后,两组CRP、PCT和TNF-α均较治疗前降低,FVC、FEV1和FEV1%均升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且观察组治疗后CRP、PCT、TNF-α均低于对照组,FVC、FEV1及FEV1%均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乙酰半胱氨酸雾化治疗可显著改善小儿支气管炎患儿临床症状,降低血清CRP、PCT及TNF-α炎性因子水平,提高肺功能,疗效显著,值得临床推广应用。     

Exhaustive exercise-induced tissue hypoxia does not change endothelin and big endothelin plasma levels in normal volunteers

Chronic hypoxia has been shown to increase plasma endothelin levels. The current study was undertaken to examine the effect of exercise-induced tissue hypoxia on plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and its precursor big endothelin-1 (Big-ET-1). After approval by the local ethical committee an incremental dynamic exercise test was performed in 12 physically trained volunteers (aged 20 to 40 years), using an electrically braked bicycle ergometer. The protocol included a step-wise increase of the workload until a heart rate of 130/min was reached, followed by a maintenance period of 25 min, and a further step-wise increase until exhaustion. Blood was drawn before, at several time points during, and 5 min after termination of the study for determination of ET-1, Big-ET-1, plasma renin activity (PRA), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), norepinephrine, epinephrine, and lactate. Lactate levels at baseline were 14.5 ± 1.6 mg/dL (mean ± SEM), which increased to 76.5 ± 4.8 mg/dL at the time of exhaustion (P < .01). Baseline values for ET-1 and Big-ET-1 were 0.264 ± 0.061 and 0.637 ± 0.130 fmol/ml, respectively, which remained essentially unaltered throughout the exercise test. PRA was 1.46 ± 0.45 ng/mL/h before exercise and increased to 3.55 ± 0.96 ng/mL/h at exhaustion (P < .001). Norepinephrine and epinephrine were also increased at exhaustion. The study demonstrates that exhaustive physical exercise with acute development of pronounced tissue hypoxia—in contrast to chronic hypoxia—does not influence the release of ET-1 or Big-ET-1 or the conversion of the precursor to the active compound. Unlike endothelin, circulating renin and the catecholamines were markedly stimulated by this maneuver.