The pyrimido-pyrimidine derivatives RA 233 and RX-RA 85 affect growth and cytoskeletal organization ofrat mammary adenocarcinoma cells

The pyrimido-pyrimidine derivatives RA 233 and RX-RA 85, which are potent inhibitors of platelet and tumor phosphodiesterase, were developed as antitumor agents. When tested by us, these drugs were cytostatic at low concentrations and produced dramatic changes in cell shape and organization of cytoskeletal structures in cultured MTF7 cells derived from the rat 13762NF mammary adenocarcinoma. At high concentrations (up to 600 μg/ml) RA 233 was cytostatic but not cytotoxic to MTF7 cells during a 24 hr incubation in vitro, whereas RX-RA 85 was cytotoxic at concentrations above 4 μg/ml. These drugs caused MTF7 cells to elongate and form numerous vacuoles, which surrounded the cell nucleus. Treatment of MTF7 cells with RA 233 or RX-RA 85 enhanced microtubular organization concomitant with a decrease in microfilament organization. In contrast, treatment of MTF7 cells with 1 mM dibutyryl cAMP resulted in an enhanced organization of microtubules but had no effect on microfilament organization. Previous studies that RA 233 and RX-RA 85 increase cAMP levels in 2 other cell clones of rat 13762NF mammary adenocarcinoma by inhibiting phosphodiesterases. However, additional sites of drug action should also be considered based on the effect of these drugs on microfilament systems and cell vacuoles.     

中国四省55岁及以上人群身体活动时间与认知功能状况的关系

目的 分析不同强度身体活动时间与认知功能之间的关系.方法 以2018-2019年"神经系统疾病专病社区队列研究"基线调查数据为依托,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法在河北、浙江、陕西及湖南省选取5571名有完整人口学信息、身体活动以及认知功能资料的55岁及以上人群作为研究对象.采用问卷调查法收集研究对象基础信息和身体活...     

2016-2020年浙江省肾综合征出血热监测分析

  目的   了解浙江省肾综合征出血热（HFRS）病例流行特征和宿主动物种群、密度和病毒携带状况,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。  方法   收集2016 — 2020年浙江省HFRS疫情资料,描述性流行病学方法分析疫情的三间分布特征,并在浙江省5个监测点开展宿主动物调查,采用夹夜法调查捕获率,采集鼠形动物肺脏和血,分别检测汉坦病毒抗原和抗体,分析浙江省鼠形动物种群分布和带病毒情况。  结果  浙江省2016 — 2020年全省报告病例数（发病率）分别为349例（0.62/10万）、353例（0.63/10万）、327例（0.59/10万）、369例（0.63/10万）和260例（0.46/10万）。 2016 — 2020年5个监测点在居民区布放鼠夹14 068夹,捕鼠数622只,捕获率4.42%;野外布放鼠夹31875夹,捕鼠数2112只,捕获率6.63%,5个监测点室外鼠密度,差异有统计学意义（F=2.941,P=0.046）。 5个监测点共捕鼠3065只,野外优势鼠种黑线姬鼠1 830只,占捕获总数的59.71%;居民区优势鼠种褐家鼠330只,占捕获总数的10.77%,不同监测点的鼠种构成有差异（χ2=1 675.401,P＜0.001）。 全省5个监测点共检测鼠血清2808份,监测点平均抗体阳性率8.4%（236/2808）;共检测鼠肺标本2815份,监测点平均抗原阳性率3.66%（103/2815）。 对5个监测点的抗体阳性的鼠种比较,差异有统计学意义（χ2=235.762,P＜0.001）;对5个监测点的抗原阳性的鼠种比较,差异有统计学意义（χ2=116.195,P＜0.001）。  结论   浙江省疫情高发地区捕获率和鼠带病毒率均较高,需要对疫情高发地区采取针对性防控措施,利于疫情防控。     

2015-2019年浙江省发热伴血小板减少综合征流行特征分析

目的 对浙江省发热伴血小板减少综合征(SFTS)的流行病学特征进行分析,为SFTS的防控工作提供依据.方法 从国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统中获取2015-2019年浙江省SFTS疫情资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析SFTS病例的时间、人群、地区分布特征.使用ArcGIS 10.2软件进行空间地图绘制,采用SPSS 16...     

应对新型冠状病毒肺炎防护服的选择和使用

防护服是医务人员抗击传染病疫情中非常重要的个人防护用品，特别是在应对传播途径未知的新发传染病，以及传播风险很高的传染病中。防护服可以阻止各类可能携带病原体的分泌物、喷溅物、颗粒物等接触人体，保护医务人员健康，是战胜新冠肺炎疫情的重要防护用品。由于本次疫情播散范围大、感染人数较多，对于防护服的需求巨大，符合国家标准的医用防护服供不应求，一些符合国外标准的防护服也逐渐被使用。作者查阅和比较各国防护服的应用范围和评价指标，以期为医务人员选择符合要求的防护服提供帮助。     

Perinatal plasma carotenoid and vitamin E concentrations with maternal blood pressure during and after pregnancy

Background and aimsFew studies examined the influence of carotenoids and vitamin E on blood pressure or hypertension during and after pregnancy. We related perinatal plasma concentrations of carotenoids and vitamin E (in individual forms and in combination) to blood pressure and hypertension at late pregnancy and 4 years post-pregnancy.Methods and resultsIn 684 women of the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes cohort, we quantified plasma carotenoids and vitamin E concentrations at delivery. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) around 37–39 weeks’ gestation were extracted from obstetric records and measured at 4 years post-pregnancy. Principal component analysis derived patterns of carotenoids (CP) and vitamin E. Associations were examined using linear or logistic regressions adjusting for confounders. Two carotenoids (CP1: α-carotene, β-carotene, and lutein; CP2: zeaxanthin, lycopene, and β-cryptoxanthin) and one vitamin E (γ-, δ-, and α-tocopherols) patterns were derived. CP1 (1SD score increment) was associated with lower SBP and DBP [β (95% CI): ?2.36 (?3.47, ?1.26) and ?1.37 (?2.21, ?0.53) mmHg] at late pregnancy> and 4 years post-pregnancy [-1.45 (?2.72, ?0.18) and ?0.99 (?1.98, ?0.01) mmHg]. Higher β-cryptoxanthin concentrations were associated with lower SBP and DBP [-1.50 (?2.49, ?0.51) and ?1.20 (?1.95, ?0.46) mmHg] at late pregnancy. Individual vitamin E and their pattern were not associated with blood pressure or hypertension.ConclusionHigher perinatal α-carotene, β-carotene, and lutein concentrations are associated with lower blood pressure in women at late pregnancy and post-pregnancy. Foods rich in these carotenoids, such as red-, orange-, and dark-green-colored vegetables, might be beneficial for blood pressure during and after pregnancy.     

Safety and immunogenicity of hepatitis E vaccine in elderly people older than 65 years

BackgroundHepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a leading cause of acute hepatitis worldwide, and results in high morbidity and mortality rates among elderly people in China. The hepatitis E vaccine, Hecolin®, has been shown to be safe and highly efficacious among healthy adults aged 16–65 years old. However, there is no data about Hecolin® vaccination in elderly people older than 65 years (y).MethodsAn open-labeled, controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of Hecolin® among the elderly aged >65 y. A total of 601 eligible participants were enrolled. Among them, 200 elderly people aged >65 y and 201 adults aged 18–65 y were assigned to the Hecolin® groups and vaccinated at day 0, month 1 and month 6. Serum samples were collected for anti-HEV IgG determination at day 0 prior to immunization and at month 7. The remaining 200 elderly people aged >65 y were assigned to the safety control group and received no intervention but were instructed to report any adverse events that occurred during the whole study period in the same way as those in the Hecolin® groups.ResultsAfter receiving 3 doses of Hecolin® with the standard schedule, most (96.7%) of the vaccinated elderly people aged >65 y seroconverted at one month after the final dose (month 7). At month 7, the geometric mean concentrations of anti-HEV IgG were 5.36 (95% CI, 3.88–7.41) and 19.65 (95% CI, 16.81–22.98) among the baseline seronegative and seropositive elderly, respectively. Of the vaccinated elderly, 97.3% (177/182) had anti-HEV IgG levels higher than 1.0 WU/ml at month 7. Hecolin® was very well tolerated in this population. No vaccine-related SAEs were reported.ConclusionsHecolin® is immunogenic and well tolerated in elderly people aged greater than 65 years.     

手消毒剂对肠道病毒灭活效果研究进展

《医务人员手卫生规范WS/T 313—2019》修订版出台后更规范了医务人员手消毒的要求。手消毒剂是提高手卫生效果，降低手传播病原微生物的有效工具，国家强制性标准《手消毒剂卫生要求GB 27950—2010》规定了手消毒剂的卫生要求，但对灭活病毒指标却没有提出具体要求。目前，市场上常用的手消毒剂以醇类或以乙醇为溶剂的产品为主，而醇类消毒剂对于消毒抗力较强的肠道病毒灭活效果有争议。本文就手消毒剂对肠道病毒灭活效果的国内外研究进行综述，为医务人员合理选择手消毒剂提供参考。