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141.
Zhigang Zhou Jingjing Qin Junwei Tang Bo Li Qiming Geng Weiwei Jiang Wei Wu Virender Rehan Weibing Tang Xiaoqun Xu Yankai Xia 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2013
Background/Purpose
Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a congenital disorder characterized by the absence of intramural ganglion cells which are highly associated with impaired proliferation and migration of neural crest cells. Whether methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) is related with HSCR still remains unknown. This study investigates the involvement of MeCP2 in HSCR.Methods
Quantitative real time PCR and western blot were used to detect the expression level of MeCP2 both in the aganglionic/diseased segment and the ganglionic/normal segment. In vitro assays we used siRNAs to knock-down the expression of MeCP2 in SH-SY5Y cell lines, and furthermore, MTT and transwell assays were used to detect the proliferation and migration ability, respectively. In addition, bisulfite sequencing (BSP) and miRNA analysis were used to examine why MeCP2 is decreased in HSCR samples.Results
MeCP2 exhibited a lower expression level in tissues of HSCR patients compared with the controls. The down-regulation may also suppress the proliferative ability of the cells. However, there was no significant difference in the MeCP2 methylation level between cases and controls. Similarly, there was no difference between cases and controls in miRNA-34b (miR-34b) which is predicted to regulate MeCP2 through complementary binding to the 3′-untranslated region of MeCP2.Conclusion
Our results indicated that an aberrant decreased level of MeCP2 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of HSCR. 相似文献142.
Chamie K Daskivich TJ Kwan L Labo J Dash A Greenfield S Litwin MS 《Journal of general internal medicine》2012,27(5):492-499
Background
Comorbidity is poorly integrated into prostate cancer decision making. 相似文献143.
Fink A Parhami I Rosenthal RJ Campos MD Siani A Fong TW 《Addiction (Abingdon, England)》2012,107(11):1915-1928
Aims To review the transparency of reports of behavioral interventions for pathological gambling and other gambling-related disorders. Methods We used the Transparent Reporting of Evaluations with Nonrandomized Designs (TREND) Statement to develop the 59-question Adapted TREND Questionnaire (ATQ). Each ATQ question corresponds to a transparency guideline and asks how clearly a study reports its objectives, research design, analytical methods and conclusions. A subset of 23 ATQ questions is considered particularly important. We searched PubMed, PsychINFO and Web of Science to identify experimental evaluations published between 2000 and 2011 aiming to reduce problem gambling behaviors or decrease problems caused by gambling. Twenty-six English-language reports met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed by three abstractors using the ATQ. Results The average report adhered to 38.4 (65.1%) of the 59 ATQ transparency guidelines. Each of the 59 ATQ questions received positive responses from an average of 16.9 (63.8%) of the reports. The subset of 23 particularly relevant questions received an average of 15.3 (66.5%) positive responses. Thirty-two of 59 (54%) ATQ questions were answered positively by 75% or more of the study reports, while 12 (20.3%) received positive responses by 25% or fewer. Publication year did not affect these findings. Conclusions Gambling intervention reports need to improve their transparency by adhering to currently neglected and particularly relevant guidelines. Among them are recommendations for comparing study participants who are lost to follow-up and those who are retained, comparing study participants with the target population, describing methods used to minimize potential bias due to group assignment, and reporting adverse events or unintended effects. 相似文献
144.
S. Ishii J. A. Cauley G. A. Greendale C. J. Crandall M.-H. Huang M. E. Danielson A. S. Karlamangla 《Osteoporosis international》2013,24(9):2471-2481
Summary
The purpose of this study was to describe the evolution of femoral neck strength relative to load across the menopause transition. It declined significantly over the 10 years bracketing the final menstrual period, and the rate of decline was modified by body mass index, race/ethnicity, and smoking status.Introduction
Composite indices of femoral neck strength, which integrate dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived bone mineral density and bone size with body size, are inversely associated with hip fracture risk. Our objective was to describe longitudinal trajectories of the strength indices across the menopausal transition.Methods
Data came from the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation; participants were pre- or early peri-menopausal, ages 42–53 at baseline, and were followed up for 9.1?±?1.8 years. Composite indices of femoral neck strength in different failure modes (compression, bending, and impact) were created in 921 women who had three or more hip DXA scans and had definable final menstrual period (FMP) dates. We used mixed effects models to fit piecewise linear growth curves to the baseline-normalized strength indices as a function of time to/after the FMP.Results
Compression and impact strength indices did not decline until 1 year prior to the FMP, and declined rapidly thereafter, with some slowing of decline 1 year after the FMP. Bending strength index increased slightly until 2 years prior to the FMP, then plateaued, and began to decline at the FMP. Mean decline in strength indices over 10 years was 6.9 % (compression), 2.5 % (bending), and 6.8 % (impact). Women with higher body mass index had larger declines in two of the three indices. Other major modifiers of rates of decline were race/ethnicity and smoking status.Conclusions
Femoral neck strength relative to load declines significantly during the menopausal transition, with declines commencing 1 to 2 years prior to the FMP. 相似文献145.
ObjectiveMalocclusions are relative infrequently analysed in bioarchaeological investigations and if investigated the samples are very small. This research provides analysis of orthodontic anomalies of even 1118 individuals from the Late Antique (LA) and Early Mediaeval (EM) period. Aims were to describe the prevalence of orthodontic anomalies in this historical period and to analyse which orthodontic anomalies are best suitable for bioarchaeological investigations.Methods1118 skulls were examined for anomalies of tooth number, tooth displacement (rotation, malposition, diastema and crowding) as well as for malocclusions.ResultsThe prevalence of hypodontia in the LA was 41.02% and 30.61% in the EM sample. Tooth displacement was noticed in 15.63% individuals from the LA and in 12.42% individuals from EM. About 26% of the LA sample and 7.19% of the EM sample were affected with tooth crowding and the difference was statistically significant.ConclusionOrthodontic anomalies affecting only one tooth or group of teeth are more suitable for examination in bioarchaeological investigations than orthodontic features requiring presence of both jaws and all or almost all teeth. Clinical investigation protocols and methodology should be adopted for bioarchaeological researches and international standards and recommendations should be established for this kind of investigation on skeletal remains. 相似文献
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P.?Srikanth R.?F.?Chun M.?Hewison J.?S.?Adams R.?Bouillon D.?Vanderschueren N.?Lane P.?M.?Cawthon T.?Dam E.?Barrett-Connor L.?B.?Daniels J.?M.?Shikany M.?L.?Stefanick J.?A.?Cauley E.?S.?Orwoll C.?M.?Nielson for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study Research Group 《Osteoporosis international》2016,27(7):2291-2300