Effect of 650-nm low-level laser irradiation on c-Jun,c-Fos,ICAM-1, and CCL2 expression in experimental periodontitis

This study was designed to investigate the effect of 650-nm low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) as an adjunctive treatment of experimental periodontitis. To investigate possible LLLI-mediated anti-inflammatory effects, we utilized an experimental periodontitis (EP) rat model and analyzed c-Jun, c-Fos, ICAM-1, and CCL2 gene expressions on PB leukocytes and in the gingival tissue. Total RNA was isolated from the gingivae and peripheral blood (PB) leukocytes of normal, EP, scaling, and root planing (SRP)-treated EP and LLLI + SRP-treated EP rats, and gene expressions were analyzed by real-time PCR. The productions of c-Jun, c-Fos, ICAM-1, and CCL2 in gingivae were analyzed immunohistochemically. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining was used to determine osteoclast activity in alveolar bone. The c-Jun and ICAM-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were significantly decreased in the EP rat gingival tissue treated by SRP + LLLI than by SRP, the c-Jun, ICAM-1, and c-Fos mRNA levels on PB leukocytes reduced after LLLI treatment but did not show any significant differences in both groups. There was no significant difference in CCL2 mRNA levels on PB leukocytes and in gingivae between the SRP + LLLI and the SRP groups. The c-Fos mRNA levels in gingivae did not show significant difference in both groups. Immunohistochemistry showed that the CCL2, ICAM-1, c-Jun, and c-Fos productions were significantly reduced in rats of the SRP + LLLI group compared with the only SRP group. LLLI significantly decreased the number of osteoclasts as demonstrated by TRAP staining. The 650-nm LLLI might be a useful treatment modality for periodontitis.

     

糖尿病病人视网膜病变预防知识和行为状况调查研究

[目的]了解糖尿病(DM)病人视网膜病变(DR)的预防护理知识与行为现状.[方法] 采用自行设计的调查表对361例DM病人进行问卷调查.[结果]近3/4病人对DR的认识、早期筛查知识缺乏了解,半数以上病人对DR的日常眼部护理知识缺乏了解、日常用眼行为不良,合并不同程度DR的病人对DR的认识差异有统计学意义.[结论]要特别重视DR预防护理教育,增强病人对DR的认识和眼睛的保护意识,加大对DM病人日常眼部护理知识的教育力度,使其建立健康的眼部护理行为,减少DR的发生.     

冬虫夏草对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾小管细胞中AMPK/mTOR 信号传导途径的影响

目的 研究冬虫夏草（CS）对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾小管细胞中AMPK/mTOR 信号传导途径的影响。方法 60 只成年雄性Wistar 大鼠用链脲佐菌素腹腔内注射复制糖尿病肾病（DN）大鼠模型,并随机分为对照组、模型组和实验组。模型构建8 周后处死大鼠,常规测定尿蛋白量和血肌酐;HE 染色检测肾脏病理改变;TUNEL 检测肾小管细胞凋亡;采用Western blot 检测磷酸化腺苷酸激活的蛋白激酶（p-AMPK）、磷酸化哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（p-mTOR）和自噬相关蛋白Ⅱ（LC- Ⅱ）的蛋白表达。结果 与模型组比较,实验组CS 可降低糖尿病肾病大鼠的物理和生化指标,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）;HE 染色观察,CS 可以有效缓解肾小管损伤和肾小管上皮细胞脱落死亡。与模型组比较,实验组肾小管上皮细胞凋亡数降低,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）;实验组p-mTOR 蛋白含量升高,p-AMPK 和LC- Ⅱ的蛋白含量降低,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。结论 冬虫夏草具有肾脏保护作用,可能与调节肾小管上皮细胞中自噬相关的AMPK/mTOR 信号通路有关。     

The cross-sectional association of cognition with diabetic peripheral and autonomic neuropathy—The GRADE study

BackgroundStudies examining whether measures of cognition are related to the presence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and/or cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) are lacking, as are data regarding factors potentially explaining such associations.MethodsParticipants were from the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes Study (GRADE) that examined 5047 middle-aged people with type 2 diabetes of <10 years of known duration. Verbal learning and immediate and delayed recall (memory) were assessed with the Spanish English Verbal Learning Test; frontal executive function and processing speed with the Digit Symbol Substitution Test; and ability to concentrate and organize data with word and animal fluency tests. DPN was assessed with the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument and CAN by indices of heart rate variability (standard deviation of normal beat to beat variation [SDNN] and root mean square of successive differences [RMSSD]).ResultsDPN was significantly inversely related to measures of immediate recall and processing speed. The percent of cognitive variation explained by DPN was small. Tests of CAN had an inconsistent or absent association with measures of cognition. Higher waist circumference and urine albumin creatinine (UACR) levels were the strongest correlates in the relationship between DPN and cognitive impairment.ConclusionDPN, but not CAN, was cross-sectionally associated with lower performance in measures of cognition in people with type 2 diabetes of <10 years of known duration. Greater waist circumference and UACR were important variables in this association. The mechanisms underlying the cross-sectional association of DPN with cognitive impairment are unknown.Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01794143     

Predictive values of serum metabolites in early pregnancy and their possible pathways for gestational diabetes: A nested case-control study in Tianjin,China

AimsTo investigate the associations and predictive values of serum metabolites in early pregnancy for later development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and further explore their metabolic pathways to GDM.MethodsWe conducted a 1:1 nested case-control study including 486 pregnant women from Tianjin, China, and collected blood samples at their first registration (median at 10th gestational week). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure serum metabolites. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis was used to select specific metabolites associated with GDM, and pathway analysis was used to identify the metabolic pathways related to GDM.ResultsA total of 64 serum metabolites were included in this analysis, 17 of which were identified as specific metabolites associated with GDM. Ten metabolites increased and seven metabolites decreased GDM risk. Inclusion of these specific metabolites to the model of traditional risk factors greatly increased the predictive value from 0.69 (95% confidence interval: 0.64–0.74) to 0.92 (0.90–0.95). In addition, we found that glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis were main metabolic pathways related to GDM.ConclusionWe identified a set of serum metabolites and their metabolic pathways in early pregnancy associated with GDM, which provided a theoretical basis for further research on the molecular pathways to GDM and early identification of GDM.     

Efficacy and safety of rituximab for IgG4-related pancreato-biliary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundType I autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) belong to the IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) spectrum. Both entities respond to glucocorticoids, but iatrogenic toxicity associated with prolonged steroid therapy and relapse represent relevant clinical concerns in the long-term. Rituximab is increasingly used as an effective alternative strategy to induce remission but data regarding the safety and efficacy of B-cell depletion therapy for pancreato-biliary involvement of IgG4-RD are limited. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the rate of remission, flare, and adverse events (AEs) occurring in pancreato-biliary IgG4-RD following rituximab treatment.MethodsThe MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and EMBASE databases were searched from inception to December 2020 to identify studies reporting the outcomes of IgG4-related pancreato-biliary disease after treatment with rituximab. Studies involving ≥2 patients were selected. In case of duplicated studies, the most recent or the one with the biggest N were chosen. The study was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Pooled effects were calculated using a random-effect model and expressed in terms of pooled remission, relapse, and AEs rates.ResultsSeven cohort studies met inclusion criteria and 101 patients were included. Reasons for rituximab administration were new disease onset (18.5%), disease flare after glucocorticoids (63.5%), and glucocorticoids intolerance (17.9%). The median follow-up time was 19 months. The pooled rate of complete response at 6 months was 88.9% (95%CI 80.5–93.9) with no heterogeneity (I² = 0%). The pooled estimate of relapse rate was 21% (95%CI 10.5–40.3) with moderate heterogeneity (I² = 51%). A higher rate of relapse (35.9%, 95%CI 17.3–60.1) was reported in studies including patients with multiorgan involvement (OOI). The median time to relapse was 10 months. The pooled estimate of rituximab-related AEs was 25% (95%CI 8.8–53) with substantial heterogeneity (I² = 73.6%). No publication bias was observed.ConclusionTreatment of IgG4-related pancreato-biliary disease with rituximab is associated with high remission rate, a higher relapse rate in the presence of OOI, and limited AEs. Randomized controlled trials with adequate power are needed to confirm these findings.     

复方更昔洛韦/曲安奈德眼用凝胶的制备及其质量控制

目的:制备复方更昔洛韦/曲安奈德眼用凝胶,并对其进行质量控制。方法:以卡波姆为基质,制备复方更昔洛韦/曲安奈德眼用凝胶。采用高效液相色谱法测定其中更昔洛韦和曲安奈德的含量,并对其外观形状、黏度、渗透压、pH进行检测。结果:制得的眼用凝胶无色澄清透明,外观均一稳定,黏度为92 mpa·s,渗透压为921.66 mosmol/kg,pH为6.91;更昔洛韦和曲安奈德的检测质量浓度线性范围分别为30.3⁹0.9、10.590.9、10.5⁷3.5μg/ml(r=0.999 8),平均回收率分别为99.20%73.5μg/ml(r=0.999 8),平均回收率分别为99.20%⁹9.88%、100.29%99.88%、100.29%¹00.64%,RSD分别为0.81%100.64%,RSD分别为0.81%⁰.90%、0.24%0.90%、0.24%¹.03%(n=3)。结论:该制剂制备方法简单,质量可控。     

MicroRNA-214 induces dendritic cell switching from tolerance to immunity by targeting β-Catenin signaling

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to function as negative gene regulators. Recently, miRNAs have been shown to regulate immunity processes; however, the mechanism is unclear. The role of microRNA-214 (miR-214) in dendritic cell (DC) maturation has not been investigated. We found that the miR-214 level was correlated with the maturation of DCs and inflammatory cytokine secretion, as depressed miR-214 levels induced DC tolerance. We also identified β-catenin as a target gene of miR-214 and demonstrated its association with Treg cell differentiation. MiR-214 regulates gene expression by binding to the 3’UTR of β-catenin. The results suggest that β-catenin is a critical regulator of tolerance in DCs via miR-214. The expression of miR-214 could be a potential therapeutic strategy in organ transplantation or autoimmunity patients.     

基于软骨细胞外基质的取向支架的制备及评价

目的 制备软骨细胞外基质（CECM）取向多孔支架,评价其理化特性及对脂肪干细胞（ADSCs）的相容性。方法 切取新鲜猪关节软骨片,匀浆后离心筛选出直径50~500 nm左右的软骨纤维,经Triton X-100脱细胞后制备成浓度6%的CECM浆料,通过定向结晶和冷冻干燥后交联即得CECM取向支架。对CECM取向支架的理化性能和细胞相容性进行评价。结果 CECM取向支架横断面为均匀的多孔网状结构,孔壁上密布软骨纤维,纵断面为垂直管状结构;支架呈苏木精-伊红红染,甲苯胺蓝、番红O、天狼星红染色均呈阳性;支架孔隙率、吸水率和纵向压缩弹性模量分别为95.455%±0.910%、95.889%±1.071%和（40.208±5.097）kPa;ADSCs在支架上黏附和增殖,并均匀长入支架孔隙内。结论 CECM取向支架的成分与天然软骨相似,生物相容性良好,孔隙结构、孔径大小适于种子细胞黏附、增殖和长入,是一种比较理想的软骨组织工程支架。     

局部含漱治疗患糖尿病老年人义齿性口炎的疗效观察

目的：探讨仅局部应用含漱液治疗老年Ⅱ型糖尿病患者义齿性口炎的疗效。方法：将63例患有义齿性口炎的老年糖尿患者根据糖尿病控制情况分成控制较好组（31例）和控制不良组（32例）及无全身系统性疾病的义齿性口炎患者组成的对照组（20例）,3组均采取局部使用0.1%西吡氯铵含漱液和5%碳酸氢钠溶液交替含漱的治疗方法,对临床疗效进行观察比较。结果：控制较好组临床有效率（90.32%）明显高于控制不良组（50%）,稍低于对照组（95%）,P〈0.01。结论：老年Ⅱ型糖尿病患者义齿性口炎使用局部含漱液治疗完全可以控制病情,此外还需控制好血糖,保持口腔和义齿清洁,才能达到治愈的目的。