中药五倍子对不同根面龋损提取非胶原蛋白后再矿化的影响

目的体外观察人工形成的牛牙根面龋提取非胶原蛋白前后,中药五倍子对人工龋再矿化的影响。方法体外37℃恒温箱中,两种脱矿溶液中用牛牙模拟人牙形成不同形态根面龋模型(酸蚀性病损和表层下脱矿)。每组随机选择两个样本用偏光显微镜(PLM)观察表面形态;用盐溶液提取根面龋暴露区的可溶性牙本质磷蛋白(S-DPP),在恒温箱中用五倍子多酚化合物(GCE)对提取非胶原蛋白前后的根面龋同时进行再矿化循环7d,用激光共聚焦扫描显微镜(LSCM)观察样本并分析平均荧光量。结果 PLM观察显示表层下脱矿形成了较完好的表层,而酸蚀性病损则无表层形成。LSCM分析结果显示在酸蚀性病损形态下提取S-DPP后GCE处理荧光强度明显下降(P<0.05),而在表层下脱矿形态下提取S-DPP前后GCE处理荧光强度无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论在酸蚀性病损条件下提取S-DDP后GCE可能有更高的再矿化效果。     

β-葡萄糖苷酶水解黄芪甲苷的研究

目的 采用β-葡萄糖苷酶水解黄芪甲苷,并对其酶水解动力学进行初步研究。方法 以HPLC-ELSD法检测水解液中黄芪甲苷及水解产物环黄芪醇-6-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（CMG）的量,以黄芪甲苷的水解转化率为指标,考察各反应因素对转化率的影响,并对该反应进行动力学研究。结果 最佳反应条件为反应温度50 ℃,溶液pH值5.0,酶浓度460 U/mL,底物初始浓度0.1 mmol/L,反应时间48 h;在此条件下,水解转化率达到90%以上。在最佳反应条件下,该水解反应过程符合单底物Michaelis Menten方程,其中最大反应速率（V_m）值为0.037 mmol/(L?min),米氏常数（K_m）值为5.8 mmol/L。结论 采用β-葡萄糖苷酶水解黄芪甲苷制备CMG可行;商品化的β-葡萄糖苷酶并非黄芪甲苷的特异性水解酶。     

复方丹参制剂对心血管和胃肠道药理作用的研究进展

丹参用于预防和治疗心血管疾病在中国有悠久的历史,复方丹参制剂是以丹参为君药,辅以其他中药制成,剂型多为片剂、丸剂、注射液等,如复方丹参片,复方丹参注射液等,组方略有不同。近年来,随着对复方丹参制剂药理作用的临床研究和实验研究日益深入,发现该制剂具有多方面的作用,本文就其在心血管和胃肠道的研究现状作一综述。     

乌司他丁对大鼠肝脏冷缺血-再灌注肺损伤的影响

目的 研究乌司他丁（UTI）预处理对肝缺血-再灌注肺损伤（IRI）的影响.方法 将SPF级SD大鼠30只随机分为3组：假手术组（S组,n=10）大鼠仅进行单纯开关腹手术,游离相应血管;模型对照组（M组,n=10）大鼠采用肝脏冷缺血-再灌注模型手术,不给予任何干预措施;UTI组（U组,n=10）大鼠采用肝脏冷缺血-再灌注模型,在切皮时经尾静脉给予UTI,10万U/kg.各组于缺血再灌注后12 h收集血清和肺组织标本,利用ELISA检测TNF-α和IL-6表达水平;切取肺组织,测定肺组织丙二醛（MDA）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）含量,光学显微镜下观察肺组织病理学结果.结果 与S组相比,M组和U组大鼠血清TNF-α和IL-6浓度及肺组织MDA含量均升高（P＜0.05）,肺组织SOD活性均降低（P＜0.05）;与M组相比,U组血清TNF-α和IL-6浓度及肺组织MDA的含量均降低（P＜0.05）,肺组织SOD活性均升高（P＜0.05）.结论 UTI预处理可明显减轻大鼠肝脏冷缺血-再灌注后肺损伤;肝脏移植.     

家居装修及DNA-PKcs表达与儿童白血病发病的关系

目的:研究儿童白血病与家居装修及DNA依赖蛋白激酶催化亚单位(DNA-PKcs)表达的关系。方法:采用11∶配比病例对照研究方法,病例与对照按年龄、性别、民族配比,应用条件Logistic回归模型分析资料;采用免疫组化SP法检测骨髓组织中DNA-PKcs。结果:母亲怀孕期间装修(OR=5.14)装修后入住时间(OR=0.37)及入住时期气味(OR=2.81)与儿童白血病的发生有关;DNA-PKcs在儿童白血病组的阳性表达率低于对照组(2χ=7.898,P<0.01)。结论:家居装修是儿童白血病的重要危险因素,DNA-PKcs的低水平表达和白血病的发生有关。     

A new qualitative pattern classification of shear wave elastograghy for solid breast mass evaluation

ObjectivesTo examine the efficacy of qualitative shear wave elastography (SWE) in the classification and evaluation of solid breast masses, and to compare this method with conventional ultrasonograghy (US), quantitative SWE parameters and qualitative SWE classification proposed before.MethodsFrom April 2015 to March 2016, 314 consecutive females with 325 breast masses who decided to undergo core needle biopsy and/or surgical biopsy were enrolled. Conventional US and SWE were previously performed in all enrolled subjects. Each mass was classified by two different qualitative classifications. One was established in our study, herein named the Qual1. Qual1 could classify the SWE images into five color patterns by the visual evaluations: Color pattern 1 (homogeneous pattern); Color pattern 2 (comparative homogeneous pattern); Color pattern 3 (irregularly heterogeneous pattern); Color pattern 4 (intralesional echo pattern); and Color pattern 5 (the stiff rim sign pattern). The second qualitative classification was named Qual2 here, and included a four-color overlay pattern classification (Tozaki and Fukuma, Acta Radiologica, 2011). The Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) assessment and quantitative SWE parameters were recorded. Diagnostic performances of conventional US, SWE parameters, and combinations of US and SWE parameters were compared.ResultsWith pathological results as the gold standard, of the 325 examined breast masses, 139 (42.77%) samples were malignant and 186 (57.23%) were benign. The Qual1 showed a higher Az value than the Qual2 and quantitative SWE parameters (all P < 0.05). When applying Qual1 = Color pattern 1 for downgrading and Qual1 = Color pattern 5 for upgrading the BI-RADS categories, we obtained the highest Az value (0.951), and achieved a significantly higher specificity (86.56%, P = 0.002) than that of the US (81.18%) with the same sensitivity (94.96%).ConclusionsThe qualitative classification proposed in this study may be representative of SWE parameters and has potential to be relevant assistance in breast mass diagnoses.     

Comparison of parent report and direct assessment of child skills in toddlers

BackgroundThere are unique challenges associated with measuring development in early childhood. Two primary sources of information are used: parent report and direct assessment. Each approach has strengths and weaknesses, particularly when used to identify and diagnose developmental delays. The present study aimed to evaluate consistency between parent report and direct assessment of child skills in toddlers with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) across receptive language, expressive language, and fine motor domains.Method109 children were evaluated at an average age of two years; data on child skills were collected via parent report and direct assessment. Children were classified into three groups (i.e., ASD, Other Developmental Disorder, or Typical Development) based on DSM-IV-TR diagnosis. Mixed design ANOVAs, with data source as a within subjects factor and diagnostic group as a between subjects factor, were used to assess agreement. Chi square tests of agreement were then used to examine correspondence at the item level.ResultsResults suggested that parent report of language and fine motor skills did not significantly differ from direct assessment, and this finding held across diagnostic groups. Item level analyses revealed that, in most cases of significant disagreement, parents reported a skill as present, but it was not seen on direct testing.ConclusionsResults indicate that parents are generally reliable reporters of child language and fine motor abilities in toddlerhood, even when their children have developmental disorders such as ASD. However, the fullest picture may be obtained by using both parent report and direct assessment.     

系膜增生性肾炎肾小管间质损害模型的建立及肾疏宁的保护作用

[目的]建立一种新的系膜增生性肾炎肾小管间质损害模型,并观察肾疏宁的保护作用。[方法]在系膜增生性肾炎(MsPGN)模型基础上,延长造模时间至12～16周,使其自然发展成肾小管间质损害模型,观察肾疏宁对进展性肾小管间质损害的保护作用,并设苯那普利为阳性对照组。[结果]随着造模时间的延长,模型组肾小管间质损害逐渐加重,肾疏宁及苯那普利组损伤程度明显减轻。[结论]系膜增生性肾炎中肾小管间质损害模型成功,中药肾疏宁对肾小管间质损害具有明显的保护作用。     

奈韦拉平对HeLa细胞端粒酶活性和细胞周期的影响

目的研究奈韦拉平(nevirapine,NVP)对HeLa细胞端粒酶活性和细胞周期的影响.方法采用TRAP-PCR-ELISA方法检测HeLa细胞在奈韦拉平作用后端粒酶活性的变化,用流式细胞仪分析细胞周期的改变.结果NVP作用后,HeLa细胞端粒酶活性明显抑制(P＜0.05),并且HeLa细胞的G2/M期细胞含量明显增高(P＜0.01).结论NVP对肿瘤细胞的端粒酶活性有抑制作用.