Treatment outcomes of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with local ablative therapy versus monotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis

Purpose

To evaluate the effectiveness comparing the combination of TACE with local ablative therapy and monotherapy on the treatment of HCC using meta-analytical techniques.

Methods

Randomized controlled trials and clinical studies comparing TACE plus local ablative therapy with monotherapy for HCC were included in this meta-analysis. Response rate, 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year survival rate, and overall survival (OS) were analyzed and compared.

Results

Eighteen studies included a total of 2,120 patients with HCC 1,071 and 1,049 patients for treatment with combination therapy and monotherapy, respectively. The combination therapy group had a significantly better survival in terms of 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year survival rate (RR 1.10, 95 % CI 1.03–1.18, P = 0.005; RR 1.20, 95 % CI 1.10–1.30, P < 0.0001; RR 1.43, 95 % CI 1.18–1.73, P < 0.0001; RR 1.40, 95 % CI 1.22–1.61, P < 0.0001, respectively), OS (HR 0.66, 95 % CI 0.51–0.85, P = 0.001), and response rate (RR 1.54, 95 % CI 1.09–2.18, P = 0.013) than that monotherapy group in patients with HCC.

Conclusions

The meta-analysis indicates that the combination of TACE with local ablative therapy was superior to monotherapy in the treatment for patients with HCC.     

软骨组织工程用羧甲基壳聚糖/氧化海藻酸钠 复合水凝胶的制备及体外评估

目的 优化羧甲基壳聚糖/氧化海藻酸钠（CMCS/OSA）复合水凝胶制备工艺,并应用于软骨组织工程。方法 制备氨基与醛基比例分别为2:1、1:1、1:2的CMCS/OSA复合水凝胶,并通过扫描电子显微镜观察、流变学检测、黏附拉力测试、溶胀率分析及细胞实验等方法评价复合水凝胶的微观形态、物理特性以及生物相容性,以制备满足软骨再生领域需求的水凝胶。结果 氨基与醛基比为1:1时,制备出的水凝胶具有良好的孔隙率、适宜的成胶时间、较强的黏附力及稳定的溶胀率等性质,对细胞有良好的生物相容性。结论 氨基与醛基比为1:1时制备出的CMCS/OSA复合水凝胶是软骨组织工程优异的支架材料。     

Performance of the Steno type 1 risk engine for cardiovascular disease prediction in Italian patients with type 1 diabetes

Background and aimsPremature cardiovascular disease cause excess mortality in type 1 diabetes (T1D). The Steno T1D Risk Engine was developed and validated in northern European countries but its validity in other populations is unknown. We evaluated the performance of the Steno T1D Risk Engine in Italian patients with T1D.Materials and methodsWe included patients with T1D with a baseline visit between July 2013 and April 2014, who were free of cardiovascular disease and had complete information to estimate risk. The estimated cardiovascular risk score was compared with the 5-year rate of cardiovascular events by means of logistic regression.ResultsAmong 223 patients (mean age 43 ± 13 years, 34.5% male, mean duration of diabetes 22 ± 12 years) the mean estimated cardiovascular risk at 5 years was 5.9% (95% C.I. 5.2–6.5%). At baseline, high estimated risk discriminated the presence of asymptomatic atherosclerosis better than microangiopathy, and was not associated with markers of inflammation or endothelial activation. After a mean follow-up of 4.7 ± 0.5 years, only 3 cardiovascular events were observed and nonetheless the risk score was significantly associated with their incidence (OR 1.22; 95% C.I. 1.08–1.39, p = 0.001). However, the observed event rate was significantly lower than the estimated one (3 vs 13; 95% C.I. 12–14; p < 0.001).ConclusionThe Steno T1D Risk Score identified subjects with subclinical atherosclerosis and high cardiovascular risk in an Italian T1D population. However, the absolute risk was significantly overestimated. Further studies in larger population are needed to confirm these results.     

人骨保护素在CHO细胞内初步稳定表达

目的构建人OPG的稳定表达载体,并在DHFR-型CHO细胞内稳定表达。方法用RT-PCR的方法获得人全长OPG的编码基因,并将其克隆入载体pcDNA3.1-DHFR/CT-GFP,鉴定无误后,转染DHFR-型CHO细胞,经MTX筛选获得阳性表达OPG的细胞株。结果成功构建人OPG的稳定表达载体,并获得阳性表达OPG的细胞株。结论全长人OPG基因可以在CHO细胞内成功稳定表达,这为OPG的功能研究及临床应用奠定物质基础。     

克氏综合征基因表达谱分析

目的 对克氏综合征（Klinefelter syndrome）患者进行基因表达谱分析,探讨其基因差异表达与临床表型之间的关系.方法 采用第二代高通量测序方法对7例克氏综合征患者和7例对照男性外周血全基因组mRNA进行深度测序,运用定量RT-PCR方法对30例克氏综合征患者及30例对照男性进行验证.结果 测序结果根据FDR≤0.001和｜ log2 Ratio≥1 ｜的标准,两组比较存在差异表达基因216个,差异具有统计学意义.其中X染色体基因9个,占4％,与X染色体失活相关的XIST差异表达最明显;常染色体基因207个,占96％,其中NR4A3、ZKSCAN4、HBEGF、EREG、AREG、NR4A2、CCR5差异表达明显.NR4A3主要.与2型糖尿病有关,HBEGF主要参与促性腺激素分泌过程.Y染色体不存在显著差异表达基因.结论 克氏综合征患者不仅多余X染色体基因差异表达,还有大量常染色体基因差异表达,这可能是克氏综合征临床表型多样化的原因.     

既往剖宫产史对冷冻胚胎解冻移植妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨既往剖宫产史对冷冻胚胎解冻移植（FET）妊娠结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析天津市中心妇产科医院2014年1月至2019年5月行体外受精FET且有既往分娩史的1 179例患者的临床资料。依据既往分娩史和移植胚胎数分为4组：剖宫产史单胚组（ n=338）、无剖宫产史单胚组（ n=78）、剖宫...     

糖尿病与非糖尿病大鼠心肌细胞对缺氧损伤的反应

目的　研究糖尿病与非糖尿病大鼠心肌对缺氧损伤的反应。方法　链脲菌素 (STZ)法复制大鼠糖尿病模型。分离大鼠心肌细胞。并用阈下浓度致缺氧剂连二亚硫酸钠 (Na2 S2 O2 )刺激心肌细胞。 MTT法、台盘蓝染色法及L DH漏出率测定细胞存活和死亡率。结果　阈下浓度的 Na2 S2 O2 可使糖尿病大鼠心肌细胞存活率下降 ,死亡率增高 ,L DH漏出增多。结论　糖尿病大鼠心肌细胞对缺氧损伤的敏感性增高。     

Validity of tissue paste standards for quantitative whole-body autoradiography using short-lived radionuclides

A method of preparing radioactive standards for quantitative whole-body autoradiography (WBARG) using short-lived radionuclides is described and evaluated. Radioactive standards were prepared from bovine brain paste which was mixed with serial dilutions of the radionuclide being studied. Homogeneous distribution of the radionuclide in the brain paste was verified by direct counting and autoradiographic techniques. In addition, there was good agreement between the amounts of radioactivity obtained from quantitative WBARG and tissue counting in all of the major tissues sampled. Therefore, this method is effective for quantitative analysis of WBARG using short-lived radionuclides, for which permanent reference standards are unavailable.     

Mechanism of antibiotic release from poly(methyl methacrylate) bone cement

Antibiotic loaded poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement is commonly used in joint replacement surgery. The mechanism of antibiotic release was examined using a series of in-vitro experiments. An initial rapid rate of release was followed by a slower rate over 40 days. The quantity of antibiotic release was related to the surface area of the cement sample. Transfer of antibiotic across thin membranes of plain PMMA was almost negligible. The method of mixing the PMMA greatly affected the quantity of antibiotic released, the porosity and the surface features, whilst having no significant effect on the diffusion coefficient and the water equilibrium coefficient. It was established that the mechanism of antibiotic release is diffusion from the surface layers of the cement as opposed to capillary action via pores in the cement or diffusion through the entire matrix of the PMMA as previously proposed.