Echinococcus granulosus 14-3-3 protein: a potential vaccine candidate against challenge with Echinococcus granulosus in mice

Objective To investigate the protective immunity against Echinococcus granulosus in mice immunized with rEg14-3-3.Methods ICR mice were subcutaneously immunized three times with rEg14-3-3,followed by the challenge with Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces intraperitoneally and then sacrificed after six months of post-challenge to detect the proliferation of splenocytes by MTT assay,and to measure the secretion of IL-2,IL-4,IL-10,and IFN -γ by ELISA.The rate of reduced hydatid cyst and the levels of IgE,IgG and IgG subclasses in sera were examined.Results Mice vaccinated with rEg14-3-3 and challenged with protoscoleces revealed significant protective immunity of 84.47％.ELISA analysis indicated that the immunized mice generated specific high levels of IgG and the prevailing isotypes of IgG were IgG1 and IgG2a,Splenocytes from mice immunized with rEg14-3-3 showed a significant proliferation response.The secretion of IFN-y and IL-2 increased significantly in the vaccinated mice whereas there was no significant difference in IL-4 and IL-10 levels between vaccinated and control mice.Conclusion The results indicate that the rEg14-3-3 vaccine could induce a high level of protective immunity as a promising vaccine candidate to prevent cystic echinococcosis.     

生物人工肝系统的生物反应器

目的:介绍生物反应器的基本作用、功能、条件和要求,并对主要生物反应器的研究进展予以探讨.方法:由第一作者应用计算机检索PubMed数据库(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed,英文)及CNKI数据库(www.cnki.net/index.htm,中文).检索时限1994-01/2009-08.中文检索关键词:生物人工肝,生物反应器,膜材料.英文检索关键词:bioartificial liver,bioreactor,membrane material.文献筛选、纳入标准:①选取针对性强,相关度高的文献.②对同一领域的文献选择近期发表或权威杂志的文献.③排除较陈旧的理论观点以及一些重复性研究.结果:计算机初检到150篇文献,阅读标题和摘要进行初筛,排除研究目的与本文无关的文献88篇,内容重复性研究32篇,共30篇文献符合标准.结果显示生物人工肝系统正在成为肝衰竭患者体外有效的肝支持治疗手段,生物反应器为肝细胞提供良好的生长代谢环境、物质交换及免疫隔离的平台,是人工肝最重要的组成部分.以纤维素半透膜为基础的生物反应器主要有平板式反应器、中空纤维型反应器,半透膜材料主要有混合纤维素酯膜、醋酸纤维素膜、铜仿膜、聚偏二氟乙烯膜、聚丙烯膜等.结论:生物反应器作为一个动态体系,伴随着生物反应器本身控制系统的优化,能够更好地控制反应器内部的传质,建立仿生物理化学梯度,实现肝细胞最小结构单元的模拟构建,膜材料的选择是构建人工肝支持系统生物反应器的首要和基础环节之一.     

硬膜外移植自体髓核大鼠背根神经节的非压迫性损伤

背景:最新的研究表明,髓核所致的炎性反应是导致坐骨神经痛的重要原因之一,在此过程中背根神经节可能起重要作用,但是其病理生理变化目前尚不完全清楚.目的:探讨在无机械压迫情况下,腰椎间盘髓核突出引起坐骨神经痛的发病机制.方法:10月龄雄性SD大鼠24只,随机分成实验组和对照组,每组12只.切开大鼠尾椎椎间盘,髓核呈胶冻样,取5个髓核并加入50 μL生理盐水,充分搅拌稀释成混悬液备用.实验组大鼠行硬膜外穿刺,注射混悬液到腰椎硬膜外腔制作动物模型.对照组硬膜外腔注射生理盐水.测定大鼠后肢机械刺激缩爪阈值并对疼痛相关行为和背根神经节组织形态学进行观察.结果与结论:在无机械压迫情况下,硬膜外移植自体髓核能使大鼠后肢产生明显的痛觉过敏,背根神经节会出现节细胞肿胀、核膜不清晰、核仁变淡或消失、胞浆出现空泡、尼氏小体颜色变浅分布不均匀、内膜间质增宽、充血和水肿等形态学改变.结果表明,移植自体髓核所致的炎性反应是引起大鼠背根神经节损伤和坐骨神经痛的重要原因之一.     

未行LASIK手术239例原因分析

目的:探讨经常规准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laserin situ keratomileusis,LASIK)术前检查后未行手术的原因。方法:对行LASIK术前检查的884例屈光不正患者中未行手术的239例患者进行原因分析。结果:未行LASIK手术的239例中,角膜厚度不足76例(31.8%);高眼压33例(13.8%);高角膜曲率27例(11.3%);Diff值(Orbscan-Ⅱ角膜地形图仪测得,为角膜后表面高度图的最高点超出参照面高度,是诊断早期圆锥角膜的客观依据之一)偏高21例(8.8%);视网膜出血、囊变、裂孔17例(7.1%);角膜炎16例(6.7%);干眼9例(3.8%);矫正视力不佳7例(2.9%);瞳孔过大3例(1.3%);全身病3例(1.3%);心理精神因素9例(3.8%);其他18例(7.5%)。结论:LASIK手术是一种选择性手术,必须严格细致地进行术前检查,对患者进行全面的术前评估,掌握其适应证及禁忌证,才能保证手术的安全性,使手术取得满意的效果。     

关注和解释疗法对化疗期胃肠道肿瘤患者疲乏及睡眠质量的影响

目的:探讨关注和解释疗法对化疗期胃肠道肿瘤患者疲乏及睡眠质量的效果。方法:2018年12月至2019年12月选择宁夏某两所三级甲等医院住院的胃肠道肿瘤患者84例为研究对象。按随机数字表法分对照组和观察组各42例,两组患者均进行常规治疗,观察组在此基础上,接受10周的关注和解释疗法。干预前、干预10周时及干预完成后3个月...     

The influence of age on prostate cancer screening index

PurposeThis study aimed to identify parameters with a higher diagnostic value for early screening of prostate cancer (PCa) at different ages.Materials and MethodsA total of 294 patients were included and divided into two groups according to the age of patients (≤66 and >66 years). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of total prostate‐specific antigen (TPSA), free PSA (FPSA), (F/T)PSA, PSA density (PSAD), PSA–AV score, the ratio of patients'' age to prostate volume (AVR) and (F/T)/PSAD were constructed. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated, and differences in the AUC values among the above‐mentioned parameters were compared.ResultsThere were 121 patients in the ≤66 years age group (benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH, 103 patients; PCa 18 patients) and 173 patients in the >66 years age group (BPH, 100 patients; PCa, 73 patients). In the ≤66 years age group, the AUC value of AVR for PCa diagnosis was the highest; however, there was no statistically significant difference compared with the AUC values of PSAD and (F/T)/PSAD; compared with TPSA, FPSA, (F/T)PSA and PSA‐AV, the differences were statistically significant. In the >66 years age group, the AUC values of PSAD and PSA–AV for PCa diagnosis were higher than those of TPSA, FPSA, (F/T)PSA and (F/T)/PSAD, and the difference was statistically significant; however, the difference was not statistically significant when compared with the AUC value of AVR.ConclusionIn different age groups, screening indices for PCa diagnosis should be selected according to the age of patients.     

张卫华教授独特进针行针手法

张卫华教授在传承传统进针和行针手法的基础上,根据人体解剖位置、患病部位特征确定相应的进针手法,头部穴位应用飞针走气、颈腰部夹脊穴应用雀啄提插进针法;行针方面创立了滞针外甩、左右扇形摆动、顺逆时针环转、上抬下压,不仅局部针感明显,临床疗效更佳,值得推广应用。     

慢性肾脏病透析并高磷血症病人的饮食治疗现状

综述了慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）透析病人高磷血症限磷饮食教育的方法及内容,介绍了影响饮食依从性的因素以及依从性的测量。     

黄芪及缬沙坦对肾型高血压大鼠心脏血管紧张素转化酶2表达的影响

目的:探讨两肾一夹高血压大鼠心脏血管紧张素转化酶2(Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme2,ACE2)mRNA、蛋白表达水平及甘肃定西黄芪(Astragalus in Gansu Dingxi,Ast)和缬沙坦(Valsartan,Val)对其表达的影响。方法:健康雄性Wistar大鼠,体重180~200g,构建两肾一夹KIC高血压模型。术后随机分为5组,假手术组;②2KIC组;③Val+2KIC组;④Ast+2KIC组(低剂量);⑤Ast+2KIC组(高剂量)。在观察期末,分别测定各组大鼠体重、心脏湿重,计算出心脏重量/体重;光镜下观察心肌结构的变化;RT-PCR检测各组心肌组织ACE2mRNA,免疫组化测定其蛋白表达。结果:与假手术组比较,2KIC组、Val+2KIC、Ast+2KIC组(低剂量)、Ast+2KIC组(高剂量)心脏重量/体重均升高(P<0.05);②与假手术组比较,2KIC组ACE2mRNA、蛋白表达显著减少;与2KIC组比较,Val+2KIC组及Ast+2KIC组(高剂量)经8周治疗后,ACE2mRNA、蛋白表达量增加(P<0.05)。结论:高血压大鼠心脏ACE2m...     

重症监护病房VAP病原菌监测及其耐药性研究

目的了解医院综合ICU呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)病原菌临床分布特点及其耐药性。方法采用回顾性调查方法,某医院重症监护病房(ICU)住院病人感染VAP情况及病原学检测结果进行了调查。结果在调查期间从该医院住院病人感染VAP痰标本中共分离出病原菌487株,其中革兰阴性菌构成比为55.24%,革兰阳性球菌构成比为37.37%,真菌构成比为7.39%。居前4位的是肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。VAP病原菌对常用抗菌药物均高度耐药,未检出耐万古霉素革兰阳性球菌和耐亚胺培南的肠道杆菌。结论综合ICU病房内VAP感染病原菌主要是革兰阴性杆菌,混合感染比例高,多数病原菌严重耐药。