Factors related to HIV infection among unmarried youth in rural areas of Southwest China

We evaluated HIV prevalence among unmarried youth in rural areas of Liangshan Prefecture in southwest China over the period of 2011–2015, and the interactions between behaviors associated with HIV risk. We used HIV sentinel surveillance (HSS) data for our analysis. We used questionnaires to investigate information among unmarried youth aged 15 to 25 years and performed HIV testing. Multivariate logistic regression and path analysis were applied to explore associations between behavioral factors related with HIV infection. A total of 9536 unmarried youth were enrolled in this study, of whom 2.75% (262/9536) tested positive for HIV infection. Multivariate logistic regression showed that male gender, Yi ethnicity, illiteracy, out-migrating for work, needle sharing, and engaging in high-risk sexual behaviors were risk factors. Path analysis revealed that needle sharing had the greatest effect on HIV infection (0.267), followed by drug use (0.171), out-migrating for work (0.079), and high-risk sexual behavior (0.064). The epidemic of HIV infection among unmarried youth in rural areas of Liangshan Prefecture is severe, and prevention efforts should focus on high-risk groups such as youth who are male, Yi, illiterate, and out-migrating for work, and those who engage in high-risk sexual behaviors and needle sharing.     

静脉吸毒人群丙型肝炎病毒抗体阳转随访研究

目的 调查四川省某地区静脉吸毒人群丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)血清抗体阳转情况及其危险因素,以了解该人群HCV流行的态势.方法 以社区为基础在四川省西昌市招募HCV血清抗体阴性的静脉吸毒人群107人,每6个月随访高危吸毒行为和性行为情况,采集血样检测HCV血清抗体.结果 队列随访2年,静脉吸毒人群队列保持率为81.3%(87/107),HCV阳转率为38.45/100人年.在多因素Poisson回归模型分析中,性别(RR,2.59;95%CI,1.18～5.65)、年龄(RR,0.52;95%CI,0.28～0.96)、近3个月静脉注射频率≥7次/周(RR,2.68;95% CI,1.33～5.42)和近3个月共用针头或注射器(RR,2.22;95%CI,1.11～4.45)是HCV血清抗体阳转的危险因素.结论 静脉吸毒人群HCV新发感染率高,应采取有效的干预措施以减少静脉吸毒人群的共用注射器行为和高危性行为.