2018–2020年兴国县入学新生结核病筛查结果分析

目的:分析2018–2020年兴国县入学新生结核病的筛查结果与学生结核病发病情况。方法:对2018–2020年兴国县入学新生24 741名进行结核病筛查,并对筛查结果进行统计学分析。结果:24 741名入学新生中,2018年共筛查9 275名,2019年10 036名,2020年5 430名。结核菌素试验(PPD)强阳性共1 965名,强阳性率为7.94%(1 965/24 741);1 965名PPD强阳性入学新生中,共有1 308名行复查,强阳性复查率为66.56%(1 308/1 965);1 965名PPD强阳性入学新生中,其中男性共895名(45.55%),女性共1 070名(54.45%);1 965名PPD强阳性入学新生中,小学共798名、初中共631名、高中及职业技术学校共536名;1 965名PPD强阳性的入学新生中,共筛查出2名结核病。结论:2018–2020年兴国县入学新生结核病的发生率尚处在可控范围,但该地区还需加大对各类学校的筛查力度,重视新生入学体检结核病筛查工作,以尽可能的减少结核病的发生率,保证学生的身心健康。     

庐山市肺结核流行特征及其预防控制措施分析

目的：探讨庐山市肺结核流行特征及其预防控制措施。方法：选择2021年1月至2022年12月期间庐山市报告、登记的肺结核患者病案信息，调查不同年度、性别、年龄、职业肺结核发病情况。结果：2021年1月至2022年12月期间庐山市共报告、登记的肺结核患者395例，其中2021年报告登记226例（57.22%）,2022年报告登记169例（42.78%）;395例肺结核患者中男291例（73.67%），女104例（26.33%），男女比例为2.80:1，差异具有统计学意义（P <0.001）;395例肺结核患者主要分布于15岁以上人群，其中以65岁及以上人群最为常见，占33.42%；职业方面以农民占比最高，占比为71.14%。结论：庐山市肺结核好发于男性，特别是老年群体，以农民占比最高，需重点关注上述此类高发人群。     

Dietary calcium intake and the risk of stroke: Meta-analysis of cohort studies

Background and aimsProspective cohorts are inconsistent regarding the association between dietary calcium intake and the risk of stroke. The aim was to perform a meta-analysis to determine whether an association exists between them in cohort studies.Methods and resultsRelevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases that published before December 2022. Prospective cohort studies that provided relative risk (RR) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association were included. Study-specific risk estimates were combined by using a random effects model. Eighteen prospective studies, including 19,557 stroke cases among 882,181 participants, were pooled in the meta-analysis. We observed a nonlinear association between calcium intake and risk of stroke (P_nonlinearity < 0.003). Compared with the lowest value of zero assumed as the reference, the RRs (95% CI) of stroke across levels of calcium intake were 0.95 (0.92, 0.98) for 200 mg/day, 0.94 (0.90, 0.98) for 300 mg/day, 0.95 (0.90, 0.99) for 500 mg/day, 0.98 (0.93, 1.03) for 700 mg/day, and 1.04 (0.97, 1.11) for 1000 mg/day. The stratified analyses by geographic region showed nonlinear associations and indicated that the protective effect was observed in Asian countries (P_nonlinearity = 0.001) but not in non-Asian regions (P_nonlinearity = 0.047).ConclusionThis meta-analysis suggests that dietary calcium intake might play an effective role in the prevention of stroke, especially in Asian countries. Future research among Asia population should attempt to establish whether this association is causal.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42022357710.     

Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 12 suppresses tumor progression in osteosarcoma cells

BackgroundProtein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 12 (PTPN12) plays a prominent role in various cancers as a tumor suppressor. However, the expression of PTPN12 and its biological functions in osteosarcoma (OS) remains to be determined.MethodsPTPN12 expression in OS was explored in public databases and detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The cell viability was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and colony formation. The cell migration and invasion were assessed by the Transwell assay. Flow cytometry analysis was applied to detect cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. To investigate the related mechanism, the levels of EGFR and downstream proteins were detected by Western blot.ResultsPTPN12 expression was significantly decreased in OS samples in GEO database and our hospital. OS cell lines in Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) database and our cultured OS cells also demonstrated low PTPN12 expression. Lentivirus-induced overexpression of PTPN12 significantly inhibited the cell viability, migration and invasion of 143B and U2OS cells. The results of flow cytometry found that PTPN12 overexpression promoted cell apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase in 143B and U2OS cells. The phosphorylation levels of EGFR and subsequent proteins of the PI3K/AKT and ERK pathways were inactivated as a result of PTPN12 overexpression in OS.ConclusionPTPN12 plays a tumor suppressive role in OS cells. Restoring of PTPN12 activity may provide new insights for the treatment of this disease.     

CRISPR-Cas9 in Alzheimer’s disease: Therapeutic trends,modalities, and challenges

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Glypican1: A potential cancer biomarker for nanotargeted therapy

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