中国9个长寿地区65岁及以上人群氧化应激水平与高甘油三酯血症的关联研究

目的探讨我国长寿地区65岁及以上老年人氧化应激水平与高甘油三酯血症的关系。方法研究对象来源于2017-2018年“老年健康生物标志物队列研究”,最终将我国9个长寿地区2393名65岁及以上老年人群纳入研究。通过问卷调查和体格检测,收集调查对象的人口学特征、生活方式及健康状况等信息,同时采集调查对象的静脉血以检测丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及甘油三酯水平。采用限制性立方样条拟合多重线性回归模型分析MDA、SOD与甘油三酯的关联,采用广义线性混合效应模型分析氧化应激与高甘油三酯血症的关联。结果2393例调查对象年龄为(84.6±11.3)岁,最小65岁,最大112岁;男性1145名(47.9%);甘油三酯水平为(1.4±0.8)mmol/L,高甘油三酯血症检出率为9.99%(239名)。限制性立方样条拟合多重线性回归模型分析结果显示,MDA水平与甘油三酯水平呈线性关联;SOD水平与与甘油三酯水平呈非线性关联。广义线性混合效应模型分析结果显示,调整相关混杂因素后,MDA每升高1 nmol/ml,高甘油三酯血症检出风险增加[OR(95%CI)值为1.063(1.046,1.081)];SOD每升高1 U/ml,高甘油三酯血症检出风险降低[OR(95%CI)值分别为0.986(0.983,0.989)]。结论我国9个长寿地区65岁及以上老年人MDA和SOD水平与高甘油三酯血症发生风险有关联。     

The establishment of the Korean medical device safety information monitoring center: Reviewing ten years of experience

Medical devices may revolutionize healthcare delivery but can lead to serious adverse events for treated patients and users. While reporting of adverse events related to medical devices is an essential starting point for post-market surveillance, underreporting of medical device adverse events is a global problem. Korea introduced a voluntary medical device adverse event reporting system in 2010, called the Medical Device Safety Information Monitoring Center, which has led to an increase in adverse event reports. For 10 years, the Medical Device Safety Information Monitoring Center has analyzed medical device adverse events systematically and has provided active feedback to the manufacturers and education on safe use. Recently, the Medical Device Safety Information Monitoring Center contributed to harmonization of international medical device vigilance through the sharing of adverse events. This experience of Korea might contribute to improvements in medical device vigilance, which is a critical prerequisite for improving medical device policies and regulations.     

Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies of carotid intima-media thickness

Common carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is an index of subclinical atherosclerosis that is associated with ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease (CAD). We undertook a cross-sectional epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of measures of cIMT in 6400 individuals. Mendelian randomization analysis was applied to investigate the potential causal role of DNA methylation in the link between atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk factors and cIMT or clinical cardiovascular disease. The CpG site cg05575921 was associated with cIMT (beta?=??0.0264, p value?=?3.5?×?10^–8) in the discovery panel and was replicated in replication panel (beta?=??0.07, p value?=?0.005). This CpG is located at chr5:81649347 in the intron 3 of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor gene (AHRR). Our results indicate that DNA methylation at cg05575921 might be in the pathway between smoking, cIMT and stroke. Moreover, in a region-based analysis, 34 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified of which a DMR upstream of ALOX12 showed the strongest association with cIMT (p value?=?1.4?×?10^–13). In conclusion, our study suggests that DNA methylation may play a role in the link between cardiovascular risk factors, cIMT and clinical cardiovascular disease.

     

Detection of asymptomatic Leishmania donovani in healthy voluntary blood donors

ObjectiveTo check incidence of Asymptomatic Leishmania donovani reporting to Armed Forces Institute of Transfusion Rawalpindi.Material and MethodsTwo thousand (n = 2000) consecutive healthy voluntary blood donors were tested for 18 s rRNA by Real time Polymerase chain reaction. One thousand (n = 1000) subject’s permanent resident of Azad Kashmir along with a thousand (n = 1000) healthy voluntary blood donors from rest of Pakistan were included. The study was carried out over a period of three months Jun – Aug 2020.ResultsTotal of 2000 blood donors were enrolled in the study, all were males with age ranging from 16 to 60 years. Stratification based on residence, 1000 (50 %) resided in the Azad kashmir, 349 (17.45 %) were from Islamabad and Rawalpindi, 541 (27.05 %) from Punjab mainly residing in Lahore and Multan, 110 (5.5 %) were from other cities of Pakistan. Grouping on the basis of age, 55.25 % ( n = 1105) of the donors were 16–25 years old, 19.45 % ( n = 389) were in age range of 26–40 years old, 15.55 % ( n = 311) were 41–50 years old and 9.75 % ( n = 195) 51–60 years old. No donor was diagnosed as an asymptomatic carrier.ConclusionScreening of blood donors for Leishmania donovani is not recommended.     

十字饱碱逆转耐药性KB细胞多药抗药性的机制

目的:研究蛋白激酶C抑制剂十字饱碱(staurosporine,ST)逆转耐长春新碱KB细胞(简称KB/VCR)的机制。方法:用MTT法比较ST作用前后KB/VCR细胞耐药性的改变,用流式细胞术观察KB/VCR药物代谢的变化,用RTPCR法和免疫组织化学方法研究耐药膜糖蛋白(Pglycoprotein,Pgp)、耐药相关蛋白(multidrugresistanceassociatedprotein,MRP)和肺耐药蛋白(lungcancerresistancerelatedprotein,LRP)在细胞mRNA水平和蛋白水平上的表达。结果:1ng/mLST使KB/VCR细胞耐药性下降了158倍。亲本株KB/S细胞几乎不表达Pgp,而KB/VCR细胞却近100%强表达Pgp,P=0.004;ST使KB/VCR细胞的Pgp表达强度明显降低,但阳性率未见明显改变。MRP在两种细胞的基因转录水平和蛋白水平均呈现弱表达,ST也不影响其表达。1ng/mLST作用24h后,KB/S和KB/VCR细胞的LRP在mRNA水平及蛋白水平上表达指数均明显地高出用药前,P=0.006。结论:ST可通过降低Pgp表达强度和药物外排功能来逆转肿瘤细胞的多药抗药性,但这种作用可部分地被LRP蛋白表达增强所抵消。     

用DNA microarray快速检测淋球菌耐喹诺酮类药物基因突变

研究DNA microarray的制备及其检测淋球菌耐喹诺酮类药物基因突变的准确性。方法根据淋球菌药敏及测序结果分别对淋球菌gyrA和parC基因的序列设计特异引物和探针并制作DNA microarray。对淋球菌临床拭子进行PcR扩增并荧光标记包含gyrA和parC基因的目的DNA片段，与芯片杂交，同时以测序法进行双盲淋球菌耐喹诺酮类药物基因突变的检测。结果87份泌尿生殖道试子全部可用DNA microarray检测出来，芯片检测结果与药敏结果符合率为100％，与测序结果符合率为97．7％。结论用DNA microarray来检测淋球菌gyrA和parC基因突变快速、特异性高和灵敏度高，可以应用于临床耐药性检测。