QRS时限与缺血性心肌病预后关系

目的观察缺血性心肌病患者QRS时限与远期预后相关性方法入选2006年1月至2009年12月于我院导管室进行冠状动脉造影,经左室造影证实LVEF≤35%,出院诊断明确的缺血性心肌病患者。按照患者的心电图记录的QRS波时限将所有患者分为2组,分别为QRS时限120ms组,QRS时限≥120ms组。比较两组患者的基线临床特征,远期预后。影响全因死亡、心脏移植、室性心律失常事件、心衰再入院的危险因素。结果缺血性心肌病患者921例,5例患者失访,916例患者完成研究。入选患者中QRS时限120ms患者835例(91.2%),QRS时限≥120ms患者81例(8.8%)。与QRS时限120ms组比较,QRS时限≥120ms患者,左室舒张末期内径明显增加;心功能分级有所减低;房颤病史更为常见。916例患者随访9-58月,49例(5.3%)患者发生全因死亡;发生全因死亡、新发生的血流动力学改变的室性心律失常、心衰再入院,心脏移植事件总计96例(10.5%)。Cox回归分析显示:超声心动图射血分数≤35%,QRS时限≥120ms,完全性左束支传导阻滞是缺血性心肌病发生全因死亡、心衰再入院、室性心律失常、心脏移植复合终点事件的危险因素。结论冠状动脉造影证实的LVEF≤35%缺血性心肌病患者,QRS时限≥120ms是影响患者全因死亡、心衰再入院、室性心律失常、进行心脏移植事件的高危因素。     

Validation and Comparison of the Long-Term Prognostic Capability of the SYNTAX Score-II Among 1,528 Consecutive Patients Who Underwent Left Main Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

ObjectivesThis study sought to evaluate the long-term prognostic capacity of the SYNTAX (Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery) score II (SS-II) and compare it with other risk scores among patients undergoing left main percutaneous coronary intervention (LM-PCI).BackgroundRecently, the SS-II was developed in an attempt to individualize and help the decision-making process between PCI and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in the management of complex coronary artery disease (CAD). However, there is a paucity of data regarding the utility of SS-II in patients undergoing LM-PCI.MethodsData from 1,528 consecutive patients from a single center undergoing unprotected LM-PCI were prospectively collected. The SS-II and other scores were then derived using patients’ baseline clinical characteristics. Patients were stratified according to tertiles of SS-II for PCI: SS-II ≤21 (n = 508), SS-II >21 and ≤28 (n = 480), and >28 (n = 540). Predictive capability for long-term mortality was compared between angiographic scores and scores combining both angiographic and clinical variables.ResultsAt a mean follow-up of 4.4 years, mortality in the first, second, and third SS-II tertiles was 1.8%, 3.5%, and 9.4%, respectively (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed SS-II to be a strong independent predictor of mortality (hazard ratio: 1.76, 95% confidence interval: 1.10 to 2.82; p = 0.02) after LM-PCI. When compared with the angiographic SS, scores combining both clinical and angiographic variables, such as the SS-II, were superior in terms of long-term prognostication.ConclusionsResults of this large series of consecutive patients who underwent unprotected LM-PCI suggested that the SS-II has better long-term prognostic power in terms of mortality compared with the original purely angiographic SS.     

A Randomized Comparison of Novel Biodegradable Polymer- and Durable Polymer–Coated Cobalt-Chromium Sirolimus-Eluting Stents

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that a novel biodegradable polymer–coated, cobalt-chromium (CoCr), sirolimus-eluting stent (BP-SES) is noninferior in safety and efficacy outcomes compared with a durable polymer (DP)-SES.BackgroundNo randomized trials have the compared safety and efficacy of BP-SES versus DP-SES on similar CoCr platforms, thereby isolating the effect of the polymer type.MethodsIn this prospective, single-blind, randomized trial conducted at 32 Chinese sites, 2,737 patients eligible for coronary stenting were treated with BP- or DP-SES in a 2:1 ratio. The primary endpoint was 12-month target lesion failure (TLF), a composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, or clinically indicated target lesion revascularization. Secondary endpoints included TLF components, and definite/probable stent thrombosis.ResultsAt 12 months, the difference in the primary endpoint of TLF between BP-SES (6.3%) and DP-SES (6.1%) groups was 0.25% (95% confidence interval: −1.67% to 2.17%, p for noninferiority = 0.0002), demonstrating noninferiority of BP-SES to DP-SES. Individual TLF components of cardiac death (0.7% vs. 0.6%, p = 0.62), target vessel myocardial infarction (3.6% vs. 4.3%, p = 0.39), and clinically indicated target lesion revascularization (2.6% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.50) were similar, as were low definite/probable stent thrombosis rates (0.4% vs. 0.6%, p = 0.55).ConclusionsIn this large-scale real-world trial, BP-SES was noninferior to DP-SES for 1-year TLF. (Evaluate Safety and Effectiveness of the Tivoli ® DES and the Firebird ® DES for Treatment of Coronary Revascularization; NCT01681381)     

冠状动脉旁路移植术患者术前炎症标志物与术后抑郁障碍的相关性研究

目的:探讨冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)患者术前炎症标志物与术后抑郁障碍的关系.方法:收集2010-03至2010-09间在我院接受CABG患者的临床资料,同时术前采集患者血样,以检测血清中高敏C反应蛋白等炎症因子的水平.本研究应用PHQ-9抑郁量表,对患者术前、术后1个月、6个月的心理状况进行评估.以PHQ-9抑郁量表评分结果为观察终点,运用Logistic多因素回归分析的方法,确定CABG患者术前炎症标志物与术后抑郁障碍发生的关系.结果:研究共收集234例CABG患者,共计232例完成了随访,另外2例为院内死亡患者;平均年龄为(60.8±8.6)岁,其中女性比例为18.5％ (43/232),CABG患者术前抑郁障碍者发生率为18.1％ (42/232),术后1个月抑郁障碍者的发生率为14.7％( 34/232),患者6个月抑郁障碍者发生率为18.1％ (42/232)高于前者,且差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).女性患者术后抑郁障碍者发生率明显高于男性患者(术后1个月随访结果:20.9％:13.2％,P=0.197;术后6个月随访结果:20.9％:17.5％,P=0.594).术后抑郁障碍者血液中高敏C反应蛋白的水平显著高于非抑郁障碍者[术后1个月:(5.4±5.1)mg/L vs(3.0±2.9) mg/L,P＜0.01;术后6个月:(4.9±4.7) mg/L vs(3.0±3.0)mg/L,P＜0.05)].Logistic回归分析显示:高敏C反应蛋白是术后1个月、6个月抑郁发生的独立危险因素.结论:本研究通过Logistic回归分析进行多因素调整,得出术前高敏C反应蛋白水平为影响CABG患者术后早中期抑郁障碍发生的独立危险因素.     

埋藏式心律转复除颤器在43例遗传性心律失常患者中应用的疗效评价

目的:对因遗传性心律失常植入埋藏式心律转复除颤器(ICD)患者术后情况及ICD治疗效果进行总结。方法:对我院从2004-01至2011-06出院诊断为长QT综合征、Brugada综合征、致心律失常性右心室心肌病及肥厚型心肌病并且植入了ICD的43例患者进行随访,了解患者术后室性心律失常的发作情况以及ICD的治疗效果。结果:43例患者共随访8～84(37.0±20.6)个月,无患者死亡。经ICD共记录到369次室性心动过速(室速)事件及13次心室颤动(室颤)事件,均被ICD成功终止,ICD共启动治疗程序498次。16例(37.2%)患者在随访期内发生室速/室颤事件,被ICD正确识别并接受了恰当的治疗。无患者因室速/室颤事件发生晕厥。对于室速事件,抗心动过速起搏终止的总成功率为53.4%(197/369),首次成功率为20.8%(77/369)。6例(13.9%)患者发生了不恰当识别,1例(2.3%)患者发生了未识别事件。结论:ICD是治疗遗传性心律失常患者室性恶性心律失常的有效措施,合理设置治疗方案及参数可使ICD更充分地发挥预防猝死的作用。     

光学相干断层成像技术评价猪冠状动脉佐他莫司洗脱支架术后早期新生内膜覆盖情况

目的:应用光学相干断层成像(OCT)、病理和扫描电镜评价猪冠状动脉佐他莫司洗脱支架(ZES)术后早期(7天、14天、28天)新生内膜覆盖情况。方法:18只中华小型猪随机分为7天组、14天组和28天组,每组6只,每只猪于右冠状动脉置入一枚佐他莫司洗脱支架,3组实验动物分别于术后7天、14天及28天时进行OCT检查,观察支架表面新生内膜覆盖情况,并取支架段冠状动脉进行病理组织学检查及扫描电镜观察。结果:用OCT观察3个时间段支架表面新生内膜情况,7天组为(61.3±37.7)μm,14天组为(132.6±103.3)μm,28天组为(244.3±282.3)μm,3组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),新生内膜覆盖率7天组为(53.62±2.49)%,28天组达到(94.88±2.93)%,病理提示7天时新生内膜以炎性细胞、红细胞、血小板为主,28天时以平滑肌细胞、炎性细胞和血管内皮细胞为主。结论:OCT在支架术后7天即能清晰观察到新生内膜覆盖情况,佐他莫司洗脱支架术后28天大多数支架丝被新生内膜覆盖。     

成功置入FIREBIRD支架和CYPHER支架远期临床疗效比较:单中心注册研究分析结果

背景:近年来的数据显示,西罗莫司洗脱支架(SES)不仅可以减少再狭窄的发生率,同时也能减少靶血管血运重建率。CYPHER支架和FIREBIRD支架是目前中国使用最广泛的SES。然而,目前尚缺乏比较国人使用CYPHER支架和FIREBIRD支架远期有效性和安全性的数据资料。方法:自2004-04至2006-06我院共3 979例成功植入SES的患者入选本注册研究。入选患者根据支架类型分为FIREBIRD组2 274例,CYPHER组1 705例。随访指标包括术后24个月死亡、心肌梗死、血栓形成、靶病变血运重建、靶血管血运重建和主要心脏不良事件(死亡、心肌梗死和靶血管血运重建的复合终点)。采用Cox’s比例风险模型评估两组倾向性评分匹配后所有终点的相对风险。结果:经倾向性匹配后,术后24个月两组所有临床事件的发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组间各终点发生的风险差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组间学术研究联合会(ARC)定义的所有血栓形成发生率均相似(P>0.05)。结论:使用国产FIREBIRD支架与进口CYPHER支架相比具有相同的有效性和安全性。     

应用99mTc-DTPA肾动态显像评价心脏移植术后1个月及1年肾功能的变化

目的:应用99mTc-DTPA肾动态显像评价心脏移植患者术后1个月及1年肾功能的变化。方法:分析81例经99mTc-DTPA肾动态显像评价肾功能的心脏移植患者术后1个月、术后1年肾功能的变化,另定义肾小球滤过率(GFR)<60 ml/min为肾功能不全,将患者分为术前肾功能不全组(n=25)和术前非肾功能不全组(n=56)进行分析。分析术后应用免疫抑制剂环孢素者或他克莫司者术后1个月、术后1年肾功能不全发生率的变化。结果:心脏移植术前、术后1个月及术后1年肾功能不全发生率分别为30.9%、43.2%和60.5%,术后1年严重肾功能不全发生率6.2%。全组患者心脏移植术后1年GFR(56.72±19.08)ml/min较术前GFR(70.81±20.80)ml/min显著降低(P<0.01),差异有统计学意义,而血肌酐术后1年与术前相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。术前肾功能不全组,心脏移植术后1个月GFR(56.08±17.62)ml/min与术前GFR(47.71±9.98)ml/min相比显著升高(P<0.05),术后1年GFR(50.02±17.45)ml/min较术前增高,但无显著差异;术前非肾功能不全组,心脏移植术后1个月GFR(68.80±18.39)ml/min、术后1年GFR(59.71±19.17)ml/min较之术前GFR(81.21±15.27)ml/min均显著降低(P<0.01),差异有统计学意义。术后应用免疫抑制剂环孢素者肾功能不全发生率术后1年(68.2%)与术前(28.3%)相比显著升高(P<0.01),而应用他克莫司者无显著差异,且两者术后1年时Ⅱ级以上排异反应的发生率无显著差异。结论:心脏移植术后1年GFR显著降低,但血肌酐升高不明显,应用99mTc-DTPA肾动态显像较之血肌酐评价肾功能有优势。