异丙酚对缺血再灌注损伤神经细胞的保护作用

目的 研究异丙酚对缺血再灌注损伤神经细胞的保护作用.方法 取12h新生Wistar大鼠海马细胞进行体外培养,建立原代海马细胞缺糖缺氧再给氧模型(oxygen glucose deprivation,OGD).观察海马细胞形态,苔盼蓝染色计算细胞存活率.建立SD大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤模型,分为模型组、异丙酚用药组、正常对照组.观测各组动物术后神经症状评分、TTC染色测定脑梗死体积大小及HE染色.结果 海马细胞缺糖缺氧再给氧显示异丙酚用药组海马细胞存活数量较多,胞体较大突起保持稠密的神经网.异丙酚100μmol/L组细胞存活率为(56.2±3.7)％,较模型组(细胞存活率38.6％±4.3％)明显增高(P＜0.05).大脑中动脉阻断(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)模型24h神经症状评分,异丙酚用药组评分为(0.8±0.5)较模型组(2.3±0.5)显著降低(P＜0.05).TTC染色脑梗死体积异丙酚用药组为(123.21±11.04)mm3,较模型组(214.95±16.79)mm3显著降低(P＜0.01).HE染色可见异丙酚用药组正常细胞较多.结论 细胞和动物模型均显示异丙酚对缺血再灌注损伤后神经细胞具有保护作用.     

重组人尿激酶原临床Ⅰ期药代动力学研究

目的:研究健康受试者单次静脉注射重组人尿激酶原(rhproUK)后的药代动力性质。方法:采用ELISA分析方法测定血浆总uPA、sc-uPA抗原浓度以及联合免疫生色底物法测定纤溶活性变化。结果:健康受试者单次静脉注射给药剂量分别为20、40和60mg,血浆uPA、sc-uPA和纤溶活性的AUC和Cmax呈剂量依赖性增加,剂量比为1∶2∶3,AUCuPA之比为1∶2.1∶3.3;AUCsc-uPA之比1∶1.9∶2.9;不同给药剂量组间的uPA、sc-uPA抗原浓度的CLS、VSS、MRT、末端t1/2和tmax等参数无统计学差异。血浆纤溶活性浓度时间曲线的AUC和Cmax随剂量增加而增加,但表现出一定的非线性变化趋势,Cmax之比为1∶2.3∶3.9,AUC之比为1∶2.9∶4.7,CLS与Vd随剂量增加而逐渐减少。结论:健康受试者个体口服20～60mg剂量rhproUK后,血浆总u-PA、sc-uPA抗原浓度变化表现为线性药代动力学;而血浆纤溶活性浓度表现出非线性药代动力学特点。     

Antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects of Cerebralcare granule® on spontaneously hypertensive rats from the perspective of the gaseous triumvirate NO–CO–H2S system

Cerebralcare granule^® (CG) has been reported to have hypotensive effect. However, several pathways involved in the mechanism of hypotension are still unclear. This study was designed to verify the antihypertensive effect of CG and to characterize its mechanism of action, especially from the perspective of gasotrasmmiter NO/cGMP, CO/HO and H₂S/CSE systems. By using the widely used in vitro model of rat isolated thoracic aortic rings, the vasorelaxant effect of CG were studied. Furthermore, we assessed the chronic hypotensive effect of CG on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and further to explore the potential mechanisms of its antihypertensive activity. Data in the present study demonstrated that oral treatment with CG could induce a potent antihypertensive effect. CG could reduce the intima-media thickness (IMT) of thoracic aorta significantly and increase the serum NO and H₂S levels. In addition, the present results indicated that CG played a critical protective role against pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. CG not only inhibited the development of cardiac hypertrophy but also improved ventricular function. In vitro, the results showed that CG induced relaxation in rat aortic rings through an endothelium-dependent pathway mediated by NO/cGMP, CO/HO and H₂S/CSE systems. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that CG could induce a potent antihypertensive effect that was partly due to the improvement of endothelial function. Also CG played a critical protective role against pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. In addition, CG could induce relaxation in rat aortic rings.     

HIV抗体干血浆滤纸片质控品制备的研究

目的：研究制备一种新型的干血浆滤纸片质控品,用于艾滋病初筛实验室间质量评价活动。方法：取来自中国地区不同亚型的HIV抗体强阳性标本,分别制成5份标本。将这5份标本分别进行HIV抗体效价滴定。最后选取OD值高低不同的5份标本作为室间质量评价的标本。结果：用ELISA法检测HIV抗体,干血浆滤纸片样品与血浆样品检测结果无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论：干血浆滤纸片质控品可以用于基于ELISA方法检测的HIV抗体的初筛实验室的质量评价活动中,其在稳定性、样品保存、运输方面均优于血浆质控品。     

A new method without reference channels used for ventricular fibrillation detection during cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is observed as the initial rhythm in the majority of patients suffering from sudden cardiac arrest. It is vitally important to accurately recognize the initial VF rhythm and then implement electrical defibrillation. However, artifacts produced by chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) make the VF detection algorithms utilized by current automated external defibrillators (AEDs) unreliable. CPR must be traditionally interrupted for a reliable diagnosis. However, interruptions in chest compression have a deleterious effect on the success of defibrillation. The elimination of the CPR artifacts would enable compressions to continue during AED VF detection and thereby increase the likelihood of resuscitation success. We have estimated a model of this artifact by adaptively incorporating noise-assisted multivariate empirical mode decomposition (NA-MEMD) and least mean squares (LMS) and then removing the artifact from the corrupted ECGs. The simulation experiment indicated that the CPR artifact could be accurately modeled without any reference channels. We constructed a BP neural network to evaluate the results. A total of 372 VF and 645 normal sinus rhythm (SR) ECG samples were included in the analysis, and 24 CPR artifact signals were used to construct corrupted ECGs. The results indicated that at different SNR levels ranging from 0 to ?12 dB, the sensitivity and specificity were always above 95 and 80 %, respectively.     

精确显微技术条件下构建脊髓损伤模型的脊髓离断状态

背景：弥散张量成像是一项常用于大脑临床研究中的技术,但很少用于脊髓损伤的诊断或预后。 目的：采用显微技术建立大鼠脊髓损伤模型,用弥散张量成像技术评测脊髓离断情况,这为进一步的干预治疗提供良好的动物损伤模型。 方法：健康SD大鼠12只在精确显微技术下制备脊髓损伤模型,6只假手术组作为对照。用核磁弥散张量成像技术观察实验组大鼠造模后脊髓离断情况,用运动诱发电位和感觉诱发电位检测大鼠神经电生理改变情况,利用斜坡实验和BBB评分评价大鼠造模后的神经功能的变化。 结果与结论：实验组大鼠苏醒后双下肢全瘫、尾巴不能摆动、尿潴留;弥散张量成像图像显示其T 10段脊髓完全离断;运动及感觉诱发电位波形较对照组均未引出;造模后1 d、造模后1,2,4周斜板试验角度均小于30°,BBB评分均少于10分,随时间延长,部分大鼠可见后肢刺激性反射,但无主动性功能活动,局部脊髓结构破坏严重。说明精确显微技术能成功构建大鼠脊髓损伤模型,并且在弥散张量成像图像上清晰可见T 10段脊髓完全离断。     

人GPC3基因真核表达载体的构建及重组蛋白表达纯化

目的:人磷脂酰肌醇蛋白3是肝癌的诊断标志物和潜在治疗靶点。本研究目的在于获得足量的GPC3蛋白用于结构、功能及应用研究。方法:通过RT-PCR从人胎肝中克隆GPC3编码cDNA,利用Xho I和Xba I酶切位点,将GPC3ORF编码基因插入毕赤酵母表达载体pPICZ A中,构建真核表达质粒pPICZ A-GPC3。以该表达质粒转染毕赤酵母菌株GS115,在含有Zeocin的YPD平板上进行筛选。然后使用HRP标记的山羊抗人IgG在醋酸-硝酸纤维素双层膜上进行Dot blot筛选。对筛选获得的菌株进行诱导表达,表达上清经SDS-PAGE和Western blot检测。结果:筛选获得的阳性菌株诱导表达上清SDS-PAGE结果表明在预期位置观察到GPC3重组蛋白条带,且该蛋白条带与抗GPC3单克隆抗体(mAb)孵育后呈现特异性反应。工程菌株经高密度培养后,发酵上清中重组GPC3表达量约5 mg/L,进而通过阳离子交换层析从发酵上清中纯化了重组蛋白。结论:利用毕赤酵母表达并纯化了重组人GPC3蛋白,为进一步研究GPC3的结构和功能奠定了基础。     

FLT3基因突变对急性髓系白血病的影响

目的 探讨FMS样酪氨酸激酶3（FMS-like tyrosie kinase3,FL T3）基因突变对急性髓细胞样白血病（acute mye-loid leukemia,AML）的影响.方法 采用聚合酶链反应（polymerase chain reaction,PCR）结合直接测序和克隆测序对50例初诊AML患者FLT3突变进行研究,并结合临床资料进一步分析.结果 正常核型AML患者FLT3基因内部串联重复（internal tandem duplication,ITD）阳性检出率20％,高于异常核型（6.25％）;与野生组相比,FLT3-ITD（＋）突变患者初诊时白细胞计数、血红蛋白及骨髓原始细胞比例均高,缓解率低.结论 FLT3突变是正常核型AML患者的主要分子标志,其对疾病预后及靶向治疗具有重要意义.     

军事应激条件下功能性肠病发病情况调查

 目的:调查军事应激条件下执勤战士功能性肠病(functional bowel disorders,FBD)发病情况,为该病的防治提供依据.方法:采用整群抽样方法分别选择执行特殊勤务的战士452人作为军事应激组,执行普通勤务的战士471人作为对照组,参照RomeⅢFBD标准调查问卷.结果:军事应激组FBD发病率为14.60%,高于对照组的9.98%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).在吸烟、腹痛发生率,反酸发生率,ZUNG焦虑,抑郁评分方面(P＜0.05),军事应激组也高于对照组(P＜0.01).FBD组ZUNG焦虑(P＜0.01)、抑郁评分(P＜0.05)高于无FBD症状组.结论:军事应激条件下功能性肠病的发病率增高,应加强对执行特殊勤务官兵的健康教育和心理疏导,及时药物干预,减少因病导致的非战斗减员.     

Familial searching on DNA mixtures with dropout

Familial searching, the act of searching a database for a relative of an unknown individual whose DNA profile has been obtained, is usually restricted to cases where the DNA profile of that person has been unambiguously determined. Therefore, it is normally applied only with a good quality single source profile as starting point. In this article we investigate the performance of the method if applied to mixtures with and without allelic dropout, when likelihood ratios are computed with a semi-continuous (binary) model. We show that mixtures with dropout do not necessarily perform worse than mixtures without, especially if some separation between the donors is possible due to their different dropout probabilities. The familial searching true and false positive rates of mixed profiles on 15 loci are in some cases better than those of single source profiles on 10 loci. Thus, the information loss due to the fact that the person of interest's DNA has been mixed with that of other, and is affected by dropout, can be less than the loss of information corresponding to having 5 fewer loci available for a single source trace. Profiles typed on 10 autosomal loci are often involved in familial searching casework since many databases, including the Dutch one, in part consist of such profiles. Therefore, from this point of view, there seems to be no objection to extend familial searching to mixed or degraded profiles.