过氧化脲漂白剂对牙齿颜色影响的实验研究

目的：研究不同增稠载体及浓度的过氧化脲（carbamide peroxide,CP）漂白剂对牙齿颜色的影响。方法：以卡波姆（carbopol）、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）或泊洛沙姆（Poloxamer）为漂白剂的增稠载体,分别配制含有10％和20％CP的漂白凝胶。将60颗离体变色牙随机分为6组,每组10颗。1组牙冠用以Carbopol为增稠载体的10％CP凝胶漂白;2组牙冠用以Carbopol为增稠载体的20％CP凝胶漂白;3组牙冠用以PVP为增稠载体的10％CP凝胶漂白：4组牙冠用以PVP为增稠载体的20％CP凝胶漂白;5组牙冠用以Poloxamer为增稠载体的10％CP凝胶漂白;6组牙冠用以Poloxamer为增稠载体的20％CP凝胶漂白。各组在37℃、100％湿度条件下每天漂白6～8h,持续2周。分别在漂白前、漂白后1周和2周对牙冠的L＊a＊b＊值进行测定,并计算色差（△E）,漂白前后自身对照。结果：以Carbopol为增稠载体,20％CP漂白2周组的漂白效果最明显（P〈0．01）;以PVP或Poloxamer为增稠载体的各组分析结果同Carbopol组。不同增稠载体的10％CP或20％CP漂白1周和2周,漂白效果没有显著差异（P〉0．05）。结论：同种增稠载体下,20％CP的漂白效果明显优于10％CP,漂白时间越长,漂白效果越明显;不同增稠载体对漂白效果没有影响。     

Proteomic analysis of down-regulated proteins in colonic mucosa of chronic slow transit constipation rats

Objective： To investigate the alternations of proteins in the colonic mucosa of chronic slow transit constipation （STC） rats with a 2-DE-based proteomic method and analyze the function of these down-regulated proteins so as to provide theoretical basis for the pathogenesis of intestinal mucosa of chronic STC rats. Methods： STC model was established by feeding rats with 8 mg/（kg＇d） diphenoxylate for 120 d. An experimental model of chronic STC rat was used for separation of proteomics from colonic mucosa using two-dimensional electrophoresis （2-DE）. Proteins altered in expressional level were identified by Image Master 2DElite, mass spectrometry, and bibliometrics were applied to identify the differential protein expression and their clinical s observed in the pathogenesis lgn of ificance and function were analyzed. Results： Obvious differential protein expression was STC, including mast cell protease （A1）, non-specific dipeptidase （A2） and chondrosome succinate dehydrogenase precursor （A3）. The expressions of A1, A2 and A3 were down-regulated in the gel graph of STC rats Conclusion： The down-regulation of chondrosome succinate dehydrogenase, mast cell protease as well as non-specific dipeptidase in rat colon suggests the functional impairment of the oxidoreduction of mitochondrion is very important in the genesis and development of STC. The immunological reaction of STC rats is weakened, and the function of digesting and absorbing protein may be damaged to some extent.     

Impacts of geriatric nutritional risk index on prognosis of patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: Results from an observational cohort study in China

Background and aimsIt is recognized that malnutrition increases risk of worse prognosis in patients with various diseases. The present study investigated if poor nutritional status predicts adverse outcomes in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods and resultsThe study enrolled 2299 patients (mean age: 60.01 ± 8.95 years; 71.8% male) with NSTE-ACS who underwent PCI at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January to December 2015. The entire cohort was divided into training set (n = 1519) and testing set (n = 780) at a ratio of approximate 2 : 1. Nutritional status was assessed by geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI). The primary endpoint was a composite of adverse events as follows: all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and any revascularization. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that GNRI significantly associated with primary endpoint, independent of other risk factors [hazard ratio (HR) 1.159 per 1-point decrease of GNRI, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.130–1.189, p < 0.001]. The addition of GNRI to a baseline model had an incremental effect on the predictive value for adverse prognosis in training set [AUC: from 0.821 to 0.873, p < 0.001; category-free net reclassification improvement (NRI): 0.313, p < 0.001; integrated discrimination improvement (IDI): 0.108, p < 0.001]. The incremental effect of GNRI was further validated and confirmed in testing set.ConclusionLower GNRI is a significant predictor of adverse prognosis in patients with NSTE-ACS undergoing PCI. Further studies need to be performed to determine whether nutritional interventions have a positive impact on improving clinical prognosis.     

亲和离心法检测甲胎蛋白异质体在肝癌诊断中的临床应用

目的采用亲和离心管法检测甲胎蛋白异质体（alpha Fetoprotein-L3,AFP-L3）,分析甲胎蛋白异质体AFP-L3在诊断肝癌的临床应用价值。方法选择150例临床检测甲胎蛋白AFP阳性者（≥20 ng/ml）,使用亲和离心管方法检测甲胎蛋白异质体AFP-L3,研究检测甲胎蛋白异质体（AFP-L3）用于临床鉴别肝癌的作用。结果以甲胎蛋白异质体AFP-L3≥10%作为诊断指标,对78例临床确诊为肝癌的患者甲胎蛋白异质体AFP-L3的诊断灵敏度是91.03%（71/78）;在72例临床诊断为其他肝脏疾病的患者甲胎蛋白异质体AFP-L3的诊断特异性达到95.83%（69/72）;甲胎蛋白异质体AFP-L3的符合率为93.33%[（71＋69）/150]。结论新型亲和离心柱法检测甲胎蛋白异质体AFP-L3对良、恶性肝病的鉴别诊断具有重要临床价值。     

外伤性颅骨缺损修补时间窗对预后的影响

目的分析外伤性颅骨缺损不同修补时间窗对预后的影响。方法回顾性分析颅脑损伤去骨瓣减压术后患者72例,按照行颅骨修补的不同时间分为超早期（4～6周）、早期（7～8周）、常规期（≥3个月）3组,比较术后并发症发生率、神经功能改善及生活质量的差异。结果超早期组皮瓣下积血、积液的发生率（25%、31.25%）,均高于早期组（3.84%、3.84%）及常规组（3.33%、3.33%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;超早期、早期组神经功能改善与常规组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,生活质量评分也显著高于常规组（P〈0.05）;超早期、早期组术后精神症状改善较常规组有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,超早期与早期组之间术后精神症状的改善差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论外伤性颅骨缺损选择早期颅骨修补可以显著降低超早期颅骨修补术后并发症,较常规时间颅骨修补明显改善神经功能障碍及精神症状,提高生活质量,临床效果满意。     

Alpha-crystallin promotes rat olfactory ensheathing cells survival and proliferation through regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways

Transplantation of cultured olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) into lesions can promote axonal regeneration. However, the acutely injured CNS environment affects the survival and proliferation of OECs which might impair its therapy effects. To investigate whether α-crystallin can promote the survival and proliferation of OECs, OECs were cultured with α-crystallin. The survival of OECs was assessed by counting the numbers of p75-labeled OECs. Cellular proliferative activity was estimated by flow cytometry and quantification of BrdU-labeled cells. Phosphorylated p85, Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were detected when OECs were culture for 7 days. Our results showed that the numbers of p75-labeled or Brdu-labeled OECs in α-crystallin group were much more than that in control group. And α-crystallin increased the phosphorylation of both p85, Akt and mTOR. LY294002 abrogated the ability of α-crystallin to phosphorylate Akt and mTOR, and decreased the percentage of cells in S and G2/M stage which were treated with α-crystallin. These findings indicated that α-crystallin positively regulated the activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and promote the proliferation and survival of cultured OECs.