基于扩展方舱的卫生应急移动会商平台设计和应用

目的:研究卫生应急移动会商平台的设计方案与实现方法。方法:在明确移动会商平台设计需求、主要功能和技术指标的基础上,对平台的构成要素、内外部设计方案进行研究,分析平台设计的关键技术、解决方法和实现途径。结果:移动会商平台采用了多通讯方式的通讯指挥手段,具备快速反应,灵活机动的展开和撤收能力,可实现各种条件下的卫生应急现场视频会商、通讯指挥和办公等功能。结论:该平台能够满足野外应急机动务件下快速、稳定和可靠的通讯指挥需求,可作为卫生应急现场视频会商和通讯指挥的主要手段。     

江苏省2011年流行性腮腺炎病毒分子流行病学分析

目的:分离江苏省2011年流行性腮腺炎病毒(Mumps Virus,MuV),并分析其基因特征。方法:对江苏省2011年腮腺炎咽拭子进行病毒分离,对MuV分离株针对SH基因进行PCR扩增,并对该PCR产物进行序列测定,结合从基因库下载的中国MuV毒株序列以及世界卫生组织(WHO)MuV基因型参考株一起进行分子流行病学研究。结果:通过比较核苷酸和氨基酸同源性和构建亲缘关系树发现,江苏省2011年MuV分离株属F基因型,但序列相互间存在差异。此外,通过分析江苏省2011年MuV分离株的遗传距离发现,MuV毒株序列同源性和亲缘关系树分析结果一致。结论:江苏省2011年流行的MuV同属F基因型,是由F基因型MuV的多个传播链引起的。并且2011年的MuV毒株间存在序列差异,说明在江苏省流行的MuV发生了一定程度的变异。     

三阴三阳六病在2型糖尿病中病证结合的思考与应用

病证结合是中医诊疗的重要手段之一,起源于《伤寒论》的三阴三阳六病与中医证候结合的病证结合诊疗模式正成为讨论热点,目前学者普遍认为六经辨证是《伤寒论》的核心辩证思路。文章通过对三阴三阳六病内容进行梳理,并结合自身临床经验浅析三阴三阳六病在2型糖尿病中病证结合的诊疗模式,认为三阴三阳六病的病证结合的诊疗模式具有较好应用价值,可以更全面地把握疾病病机,处方用药依据更充足,临床实践疗效良好,值得进一步深入总结和探讨。     

Trustline结核分枝杆菌IgG/IgM抗体检测试剂盒(胶体金法)的临床应用评价

目的 评价Trustline结核抗体IgG/IgM检测试剂盒临床应用效果。 方法 选用3家医院的1009份血清标本,其中628份为结核病患者血清(308例菌阳病例,320例菌阴病例);对照组381份非结核病血清。采用Trustline试剂盒及一种已上市的试剂盒(对照试剂盒)分别检测1009份血清,计算多项检测指标,从而评价试剂盒的检测效果。 结果 通过检测1009份临床血清标本, Trustline试剂盒检测血清抗体(IgG+IgM)的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、 Youden 指数分别为61.3%、79.8%、 83.3%、 55.6% 和0.411,对照试剂盒检测血清抗体(IgG) 的结果分别为53.7%、89.0%、88.9%、 53.8%和0.426。经统计分析表明Trustline试剂盒的灵敏度显著优于对照试剂盒(P0.01),特异度低于对照试剂盒(P0.01),但阳性诊断效率和阴性诊断效率方面差异无统计学意义,Youden指数相接近。 进一步分析显示Trustline试剂盒对菌阳样本及菌阴样本的检出率分别77.6%和44.7%,对照试剂盒则为67.9%和40.0%,对菌阳样本检出率的差异有统计学意义。检测1009份标本,Trustline试剂盒共得IgM阳性35例,其中结核组阳性30例(4.8%),非结核组阳性5例(1.3%)。 结论 Trustline试剂盒检测结核抗体的灵敏度显著优于对照结核抗体试剂盒,并可同时用于检测IgG/IgM抗体,可以应用于结核病的快速诊断。     

Development of a new candidate H5N1 avian influenza virus for pre‐pandemic vaccine production

Background Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses currently circulating in birds have caused hundreds of human infections, and pose a significant pandemic threat. Vaccines are a major component of the public health preparedness for this likely event. The rapid evolution of H5N1 viruses has resulted in the emergence of multiple clades with distinct antigenic characteristics that require clade‐specific vaccines. A variant H5N1 virus termed clade 2.3.4 emerged in 2005 and has caused multiple fatal infections. Vaccine candidates that match the antigenic properties of variant viruses are necessary because inactivated influenza vaccines elicit strain‐specific protection. Objective To address the need for a suitable seed for manufacturing a clade 2.3.4 vaccine, we developed a new H5N1 pre‐pandemic candidate vaccine by reverse genetics and evaluated its safety and replication in vitro and in vivo. Methods A reassortant virus termed, Anhui/PR8, was produced by reverse genetics in compliance with WHO pandemic vaccine development guidelines and contains six genes from A/Puerto Rico/8/34 as well as the neuraminidase and hemagglutinin (HA) genomic segments from the A/Anhui/01/2005 virus. The multi‐basic cleavage site of HA was removed to reduce virulence. Results The reassortant Anhui/PR8 grows well in eggs and is avirulent to chicken and ferrets but retains the antigenicity of the parental A/Anhui/01/2005 virus. Conclusion These results indicate that the Anhui/PR8 reassortant lost a major virulent determinant and it is suitable for its use in vaccine manufacturing and as a reference vaccine virus against the H5N1 clade 2.3.4 viruses circulating in eastern China, Vietnam, Thailand, and Laos.     

我国男男性行为人群猴痘知识知晓率及相关因素现况调查

目的 了解我国MSM猴痘知识知晓率及相关因素。方法 调查对象为最近1年发生男男性行为的年龄≥18岁男性。采用方便抽样方法,估计样本量为4 312人。在我国30个省份MSM社会组织协助下,2023年8月10-14日,自行设计匿名调查问卷,采用问卷星进行在线问卷调查,收集调查对象的社会人口学特征、猴痘知识知晓、旅居史和性行为等信息。采用SAS 9.4软件进行统计学分析。结果 调查对象为7 725人,年龄（31.6±9.0）岁。猴痘知识知晓率为50.1%（3 872/7 725）。猴痘知识的主要获取途径是微信、微博、抖音和Blued社交软件等新媒体（88.4%,6 827/7 725）,猴痘知识的期望途径主要是官方媒体报道（79.3%,6 129/7 725）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,MSM猴痘知识知晓率较高的因素包括现住址地区为西部和东部地区、≥26岁青壮年、大专及以上文化程度、现居住地为城镇和城乡接合部、性取向为同性恋和双性恋、最近3个月发生男男性行为频次1~5次/月、知晓HIV感染状况为阴性和阳性、最近3个月对猴痘信息关注程度为经常、偶尔和极少关注、通过新媒体和社会组织获取猴痘知识。结论 我国MSM猴痘知识知晓率较低,应重点关注低年龄组、低文化程度和性行为活跃者,借助新媒体和社会组织力量,开展精准的健康教育。     

Structural-level factors affecting implementation of the methadone maintenance therapy program in China

This study identifies structural-level factors influencing methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) program implementation in China. Twenty-eight service providers and 560 randomly selected clients from 28 MMT clinics in the study area underwent face-to-face interviews. Number of clients, retention rate, coverage, and structural-level factors were collected from a survey of service providers. Individual-level factors and self-reported illicit drug use information were obtained from clients. Urine specimens were collected from the client participants to test for heroin use. Clinics affiliated with the local Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) had more clients, higher retention rates, and broader coverage than those not affiliated with the CDC. Longer operating hours, incentive for compliant clients, and comprehensive services were positively associated with client recruitment and coverage. Comprehensive services and incentives for compliant clients were negatively associated with concurrent illicit drug use. Comprehensive services should be incorporated into the MMT program. Extended operating hours and incentives for compliant clients should be implemented.