Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia involving the thoracic spine with myelopathy: case report and review of the literature

Background contextPolyostotic fibrous dysplasia (PFD) seldom involves the thoracic spine and usually presents with back pain.PurposeTo describe an extremely rare presentation of an uncommon disease.Study design/settingWe present a case report from a university hospital.MethodsWe report a case of symptomatic thoracic PFD associated with myelopathy and pathologic fracture. A thorough search of PubMed/MEDLINE was performed for the terms “polyostotic fibrous dysplasia,” “spine,” and “neurological deficit.”ResultsThe patient was treated by posterior laminectomy, vertebroplasty, and pedicle screw fixation and fusion. Satisfactory results were achieved, and there were no complications.ConclusionsIn the spine, PFD may lead to pathologic fracture and myelopathy even after adolescence. Vertebroplasty with or without decompression and fixation may be the appropriate option for cases with myelopathy.     

中国5岁以下儿童营养不良的社会决定因素研究

目的： 了解中国5岁以下儿童营养不良与社会决定因素的关联程度，为制定进一步改善儿童营养不良的社会政策提供依据。方法： 从中国居民健康和营养调查（China Health and Nutrition Survey, CHNS）1991-2011年的纵向数据中提取2 434名5岁以下儿童，使用世界卫生组织igrowup软件计算儿童营养不良率，使用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析营养不良与社会决定因素的关联。结果： 20年间儿童整体低体重率和生长迟缓率分别下降了64.8%和67.8%，儿童低体重和生长迟缓得到显著改善。消瘦率一直维持在较低水平，女童营养不良率的降低幅度大于男童。非社会经济因素中，母亲身高低、儿童蛋白质摄入不足是营养不良的危险因素。社会决定因素中，居住在西部和中部、居住地城市化水平低、家庭收入低、母亲教育水平低是儿童营养不良的危险因素。结论： 为进一步改善儿童营养不良和缓解儿童健康不公平，需要重视儿童营养不良背后的社会决定因素，完善并实施改善儿童营养相关的社会政策，包括关注孕产妇和儿童的膳食营养、提高家庭生活水平和母亲教育水平、平衡地区间发展差距和资源分配等。     

社区食物环境与儿童肥胖的定性循证研究

  目的  系统评价社区食物环境与儿童超重肥胖的关系，为相关政策的制定提供循证证据。  方法  检索1998—2020年公开发表的相关文献，中文数据库为中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台，英文数据库为Cochrane library、PubMed、EMbase等。  结果  经过文献筛选，共有8篇英文文献纳入本次系统评价，包括3项队列研究和5项横断面研究。结果显示，家庭或学校周边社区的食品商店/餐厅类型、数量、距离、食物价格等与儿童体重、腰围及肥胖风险有关。其中快餐店、便利店、杂货店的数量与儿童肥胖高风险有关，超市、自由市场的数量与儿童肥胖低风险有关。  结论  社区食物环境与儿童肥胖可能有关，还需要更多高质量研究设计的证据支持。     

体外培养不同代角膜缘干细胞特性分析

目的比较不同代角膜缘干细胞的生物学特性,为角膜缘细胞移植在临床中的氉应用提供依据。方法组织块培养法体外培养角膜缘干细胞,光镜观察、HE染色和免疫荧光染色分析原代、第1代和第2代角膜缘细胞形态学特性;流式细胞技术定量检测原代、第1代和第2代角膜缘细胞ABCG2表达;MTT比色法测定体外培养原代、第1代和第2代角膜缘干细胞的增殖活性变化。结果倒置相差显微镜下可见原代细胞培养24h有单个细胞从组织块边缘迁出,48h细胞局部可见拉网样生长趋势,72h出现大片细胞,细胞呈现多边形或多角形,96h细胞几乎铺满整个培养板。随着传代次数的增加,细胞形态变得不规则,CK3单克隆抗体表达阳性率逐渐增强;p63单克隆抗体原代和第1代细胞间表达阳性率无明显差别,第2代细胞表达量明显减弱。流式细胞检测显示原代、第1代和第2代细胞ABCG2表达阳性率分别为13.41%、22.96%和4.43%。MTT结果显示随传代次数增加细胞增殖活性逐渐下降。结论原代和第1代角膜缘干细胞可以作为制备组织工程角膜上皮细胞膜片的较理想种子细胞。     

Factors associated with successful rehabilitation in older adults: A systematic review and best evidence synthesis

Purpose; Returning to community living is an indicator for successful rehabilitation in older adults admitted to geriatric rehabilitation. Predicting successful rehabilitation could contribute to the deployment of early discharge planning, and leads to a more custom-made rehabilitation trajectory. This review aims to present an overview of factors associated with successful rehabilitation following inpatient geriatric rehabilitation.Method; A systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL and Embase. Extracted factors were analysed via Bakker's five levels of evidence.Results; Nine studies with methodological quality of good to moderate were included. For 13 of the 18 extracted factors, limited (n=3), moderate (n=5) and conflicting (n=5) evidence found a significant association.Conclusions; Caregiver, comorbidities, motor-function, nutritional status, time from onset are significantly related to successful rehabilitation. These factors could support healthcare professionals to indicate successful rehabilitation at admission and contributes to deployment of early discharge planning and development of more custom-made rehabilitation trajectories.     

The effect of resistance training on sleep in Chinese older adults: A randomized controlled trial

Sleep disturbances affect approximately half of the older adult population and add additional risks of developing Alzheimer's disease. This study is to test the effects of a 12-week resistance training (RT) program on sleep in older adults residing in an assisted living facility in China. A total of 62 eligible participants were randomly assigned to RT (n = 31) or control group (n = 31). Participants in RT group participated in three 1-hour moderate intensity RT sessions per week for 12 weeks (at least 48 h between sessions). In the overall sample, sleep efficiency increased (P < 0.01), wake after sleep onset (P < 0.01) decreased in participants in RT group at post-intervention, compared to control group. Similar results were found in participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The findings support that RT improves sleep efficiency and decreases sleep fragmentation in older adults in general and in those with MCI.     

北京市某社区3～6年级小学生视力不良影响因素分析

目的了解北京市某社区3～6年级小学生的视力状况及其影响因素,为学生视力不良的防治提供科学依据。方法采用问卷调查方式对北京市某社区内4所小学3～6年级的所有学生进行视力状况及其影响因素的调查,共获有效问卷722份。采用χ2检验和Logistic回归进行视力不良单因素和多因素分析。结果女生（55.7%）发生视力不良的危险性是男生（44.8%）的1.51倍、父母一方有近视、父母双方均近视的学生发生视力不良的危险性是父母视力正常的1.98和2.17倍;看书距离〈30 cm的学生发生视力不良的危险性是看书距离≥30 cm的1.89倍;每天使用电脑时间0.5～1 h的学生发生视力不良的危险性是使用电脑时间〈0.5 h的2.23倍;每周活动60 min不足5 d的学生发生视力不良的危险性是每周活动5 d及以上的1.49倍;偶尔感觉视物模糊和经常感觉视物模糊者视力不良的危险度分别是未感觉视物模糊者的1.92和4.74倍。结论视力不良的发生与遗传和环境因素有关。及早预防,注意用眼卫生,养成良好的视觉行为习惯,锻炼身体增强体质将有助于保护青少年视力。