遗忘型轻度认知损伤患者半球间镜像同伦功能连接变化

目的 采用基于体素的功能同伦（VMHC）方法探讨遗忘型轻度认知损伤（aMCI）患者半球间功能连接变化。方法 收集47例aMCI患者（aMCI组）和43名性别、年龄、受教育年限相匹配的正常志愿者（对照组）,采集脑结构MRI和静息态fMRI数据;比较aMCI组与对照组间半球间VMHC变化,获得VMHC改变脑区,并以此为种子点,观察与其他脑区间功能连接的异常,并与临床量表评分进行相关性分析。结果 aMCI组患者双侧额下回、前岛叶皮层、壳核VMHC降低,无VMHC增高脑区。aMCI患者前岛叶皮层与默认网络脑区中的后扣带回、内侧前额叶皮层功能连接增加,与注意控制网络脑区、小脑间功能连接减低。左侧前岛叶与内侧前额叶及后扣带回功能连接增加,与患者听觉词语学习测试中再认评分呈正相关（r=0.38、0.33,P均<0.05）。结论 aMCI患者不仅存在半球间VMHC降低,不同脑网络间功能连接亦存在明显差异,对于理解aMCI患者认知改变及其潜在机制具有重要意义。     

A novel anti-CD146 monoclonal antibody,AA98, inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth

The goal of our study was to raise monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against endothelial cell-surface proteins specific for tumor vasculature. Here, we describe the generation and intensive characterization of mAb AA98, including its functional properties and its antigen identification. In our study, an enhanced mAb AA98 immunoreactivity was observed on stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In addition, mAb AA98 showed remarkably restricted immunoreactivity against intratumoral neovasculature compared with blood vessels of normal tissues. We identified the AA98 antigen as human CD146, an adhesion molecule belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. Data from in vitro experiments imply structural and signaling functions for endothelial CD146; however, the role of CD146 in vivo is largely unknown. Here, we show that mAb AA98 displays antiangiogenic properties in vitro and in vivo. Proliferation and migration of HUVECs were inhibited by mAb AA98 as was angiogenesis in chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assays and tumor growth in 3 xenografted human tumor models in mice. Our data provide new insights into the function of CD146 on endothelial cells, validate CD146 as a novel target for antiangiogenic agents, and demonstrate that mAb AA98 has potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent in vascular and cancer biology.     

层流GICU物体表面消毒方法的比较及菌群检测

目的比较两种消毒剂对层流综合重症监护病房（GICU）高频接触物体表面的抑菌效果,为层流GICU选择合理的物体表面消毒方法提供临床依据;了解物体表面细菌的污染情况,为预防控制感染提供理论依据。方法对层流GICU住院患者床档、床头桌的物体表面（常规消毒前）,采集样本做细菌培养、鉴定,以了解层流GICU物体表面菌群分布。分别采用含有效氯500 mg/L消毒剂（常规组）、伽玛TM消毒湿巾（对照组）对层流GICU床单位周围物体表面进行消毒,比较两种消毒方法在消毒后的抑菌率和物体表面细菌总数合格率。结果常规消毒前共采集200份物体表面样本,分离细菌87株,细菌污染率43.50%。检出革兰阳性菌68株（78.16%）,以棒状杆菌（18株,26.47%）、金黄色葡萄球菌（16株,23.53%）、表皮葡萄球菌（16株,23.53%）为主;革兰阴性杆菌19株（21.84%）,以鲍曼不动杆菌为主（12株,63.16%）。进行物体表面消毒后10 min的抑菌率,常规组为（94.89±7.72）%,对照组为（96.33±12.88）%,两组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;两组物体表面细菌总数合格率均为100%。结论定期对层流GICU住院患者床单位周围物体表面进行检测、消毒,并规范医护人员的操作及手卫生执行力,是切断细菌传播,预防医院感染简单、有效的方法。     

某部男性青年科研技术人员血脂水平调查

目的了解某部队长期从事科研试验任务的青年官兵的血脂水平。方法对18786人的静脉血中甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（Tc）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、载脂蛋白A1（ApoAl）和载脂蛋白B（ApoB）进行检测,并与中国人血脂指标的合适值范围进行比较。结果TG合适范围的有17959人,边缘升高的有827人;TC合适范围的有6036人,边缘升高的有12750人;HDL—C合适范围的有18495人,降低的有229人,升高的有62人;LDL—C合适范围的有10270人,边缘升高的有8516人;在不同年龄阶段,血脂指标及LDL—C／HDL-C、ApoB／ApoAl的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;随着年龄的增长TG、TC、LDL-C、ApoB水平增高,而HDL—C和ApoAl水平下降。结论判断血脂异常不能只看参考值,应结合个体进行综合分析;本研究中虽无血脂异常升高的人员,但是存在边缘升高人员和低HDL-C人员;随着年龄的增长,Tc与LDL—C的增高越明显。     

有机固体废物处理行业臭气的产生与控制

针对目前主流的有机固体废物处理处置工艺,总结了各工艺的臭气成分和影响因素。恶臭物质NH3和H2S在污泥堆肥、污泥干化、餐厨垃圾好氧分解和生活垃圾填埋场中都有产生,但不同处理工艺的主要致臭物质不同。污泥堆肥工艺的主要致臭物质为含硫化合物,污泥干化工艺和垃圾填埋场的主要致臭物质为苯系物和萜烯类,餐厨垃圾好氧分解的主要致臭物质为含氧类化合物。提出了相应的恶臭防控措施。     

基于多模态神经影像学的人海马毕生变化曲线

研究背景近20年来,越来越多的研究者采用fMRI技术研究海马结构与功能,以揭示海马功能与记忆力之间的关系。对正常人海马结构与功能毕生变化曲线的研究和建模,是监测个体发育情况和辅助预测相关疾病的关键环节,能够反映正常人脑自然变化的普适性结构变量(即体积),以及反映功能活动的指标低频振荡振幅、分数低频振荡振幅和局部功能一致性。方法采用fMRI技术,通过连接组计算机系统对125例7~85岁正常个体的海马体积、低频振荡振幅、分数低频振荡振幅和局部功能一致性进行评价。结果双侧海马体积随年龄的增长而显著减小(校正后Ps=0.000),左侧海马低频振荡振幅(校正后P=0.034,β=-0.314)、分数低频振荡振幅(校正后P=0.059,β=-0.687)和局部功能一致性(校正后P=0.005,β=-0.330)与年龄呈显著负相关及负相关趋势。结论从一个侧面揭示了人毕生发展过程中海马结构与功能之间的相互关系。     

The recombination hot spots and genetic diversity of the genomes of African swine fever viruses

The FilmArray^Ⓡ Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel detects the 14 most frequent pathogens causing meningitis and/or encephalitis. The use of FilmArray ME with non-validated samples is seldom published in the literature. We describe the case of a 3-year-old child, diagnosed with acute meningoencephalitis, in whom the FilmArray^Ⓡ ME technique successfully identified Neisseria meningitidis in both skin biopsy and whole blood samples.     

Altered brain functional connectivity in hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease: a resting-state functionalMR imaging study

The changes of whole brain functional connectivity in hemodialysis (HD) patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are still unclear, which may be associated with multiple factors, such as elevated neurotoxins, anemia, and side effects of hemodialysis. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data of 71 patients (43 males, 28 females; mean age, 33.4?±?9.4 years) and 43 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers (29 males, 14 females; mean age, 30.6?±?8.8 years) were acquired. Neuropsychological tests including number connection test type A (NCT-A), digit symbol test (DST), line-tracing test (LTT), serial-dotting test (SDT), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) were used to evaluate cognitive and psychiatric conditions in all subjects. Blood biochemistry tests including serum creatinine levels, blood urea, hematocrit, and Ca²⁺ level were taken in HD patients. Forty-two connections significantly different between HD patients with ESRD and controls were found (all P?ESRD patients was more directly related with neuropsychological impairments and anemia rather than serum creatinine level, blood urea and dialysis duration. In particular, impairments in the medial prefrontal lobe could play an important role in mediating psychological dysfunctions.     

Diabetes influences cancer risk in patients with increased carotid atherosclerosis burden

Background and aimsAtherosclerosis and cancer share several risk factors suggesting that at least in part their pathogenesis is sustained by common mechanisms. To investigate this relation we followed a group of subjects with carotid atherosclerosis at baseline up for malignancy development.Methods and resultswe carried out an observational study exploring cancer incidence (study endpoint) in subjects with known carotid atherosclerosis at baseline (n = 766) without previous cancer or carotid vascular procedures. During the follow-up (160 ± 111 weeks) 24 cancer occurred, corresponding to an overall annual incidence rate of 0.11%. 10 diagnosis of cancer occurred in individuals with a carotid stenosis >50% (n = 90) whereas 14 in patients with a carotid stenosis <50% patients (n = 676) (p < 0.001). Respect to patients without cancer, diabetes was markedly more common in subjects with cancer diagnosis during the FU (37.3%vs75.0%, p < 0.001). After controlling for classic risk factors, carotid stenosis >50% (HR = 2.831, 95%CI = 1.034–5.714; p = 0.036) and diabetes (HR = 4.831, 95%CI = 1.506–15.501; p = 0.008) remained significantly associated with cancer diagnosis.Conclusionsto our knowledge this is the first study reporting a significant risk of cancer development in subjects with diabetes and high risk of cerebrovascular events, highlighting the need of a carefully clinical screening for cancer in diabetic patients with overt carotid atherosclerosis.