Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment and its subtypes in community-dwelling residents aged 65 years or older in Guangzhou,China

BackgroundPrevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been reported substantial variations, and mostly in Western countries. Less is known about MCI in the south of China. The study is to estimate the prevalence of MCI and its subtypes in residents aged 65 year or older in community-dwelling residents of Guangzhou, China.MethodsThe study was a community-based, cross-sectional study conducted in rural and urban areas of Guangzhou between April and October 2009. Eight communities were randomly selected using a cluster sampling method. Each elderly was interviewed with Montreal Cognitive Assessment, the Mini-Mental state examination, Auditory Verbal Learning Test, the Clinical Dementia Rating scale et al. MCI was classified as amnestic MCI (a-MCI) or nonamnestic MCI (na-MCI).Results2427 individuals were contacted, but in-person interviews were conducted with 2111 participants. 299 participants with MCI were identified. The prevalence of MCI, a-MCI and na-MCI was 14.2%, 12.2%, 2.0% respectively. The prevalence of MCI and a-MCI increased with age, decreased with education level, and was higher in rural areas than in urban areas. The difference of prevalence of MCI and a-MCI between women with men wasn't statistically significant(MCIχ2 = 1.0, OR 0.9, 95%CI = 0.6-1.2; a-MCIχ2 = 1.0, OR 0.9, 95%CI = 0.6–1.2), when controlling for education by logistic regression analysis.ConclusionsThe results suggest that 14.2% of elderly individuals are affected by MCI in Guangzhou, China. And MCI was dominated by a-MCI. The prevalence of MCI and a-MCI increased with age, decreased with education level, and was higher in the rural population compared to the urban population.     

24例原发浸润性肺真菌感染的CT表现分析

目的 探讨原发浸润性肺真菌感染的CT表现特点.方法 选取2007年12月-2011年6月于医院采用CT进行诊断检查的24例原发浸润性肺真菌感染患者为研究对象,将其不同感染分类的CT表现特点进行统计分析.结果 24例原发浸润性肺真菌感染患者感染病原菌分别为曲霉菌属占41.7％、白色假丝酵母菌占25.0％、放线菌占20.8％等,病灶表型比例由高到低为曲菌球型占41.7％、弥漫型占29.2％、实变型占20.8％及结节型占8.3％,各型CT表现各有特点.结论 原发浸润性肺真菌感染的CT表现有其特有的特点,在疾病诊断中有一定的辅助价值.     

A multicenter study of the analgesic effects of epidural chloroprocaine after lower limb orthopedic surgery

Study objectiveTo investigate the effects and optimal concentration of chloroprocaine for epidural analgesia after lower limb orthopedic surgery.DesignProspective, randomized, observational, multicenter clinical study.SettingOperating room, postoperative recovery area, university hospital.PatientsOne hundred and twenty patients from 4 hospitals were enrolled and randomized into 5 groups after lower limb orthopedic surgery under epidural anesthesia with lidocaine.InterventionsEpidural chloroprocaine mixed with 0.4 μg/mL fentanyl was administered via a patient-controlled analgesia pump at the concentration of 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2%, or 1.4% after the surgery.MeasurementsSystolic blood pressure, heart rate, visual analog score at rest and during activity, as well as the Bromage score at 0 minute, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours after the surgery were recorded and compared. Use of morphine and incidence of adverse effects were also recorded.Main resultsPatients given 1.2% chloroprocaine showed the lowest visual analog score compared with other groups. There was no significant difference in the Bromage score among 5 groups. The Bromage score returned to 0 in 89.7% of the patients 48 hours after surgery. No difference in postoperative morphine usage, blood pressure, or heart rate was found among 5 groups.ConclusionsEpidural 1.2% chloroprocaine with 0.4 μg/mL fentanyl could generate proper analgesic effects with little influence on mobility in patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery. In addition, it could generate a good sense and movement separation, facilitating the early functional training.     

GE Lightspeed VCT球管灯丝开路故障和球管更换

本文分析了GE Lightspeed VCT球管灯丝开路的故障现象,并介绍了故障排除的过程。     

Decreased expression of EphA5 is associated with Fuhrman nuclear grade and pathological tumour stage in ccRCC

The incidence of renal cell carcinoma is increasing all over the world. The molecular mechanisms for tumorigenesis, progression and prognosis are still unknown. The erythropoietin‐producing hepatoma amplified sequence (Eph) receptors have been reported to be expressed aberrantly in many types of human cancers and in particular EphA5 may play a role in certain human cancers. In this study, a set of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tissues were subjected to immunohistochemistry. The relationship between EphA5 protein expression and clinicopathological parameters was statistically analysed. Our data show that EphA5 protein was negatively (0) or weakly (1+) expressed in 48 of 78 (61.5%), moderately (2+) expressed in 15 of 78 (19.2%) and strongly (3+) expressed in 15 of 78 (19.2%) tumour samples of ccRCC. Decreased expression of EphA5 was detected more often in females than in males (P = 0.017, r_s = ?0.267). Expression of EphA5 was related negatively to Fuhrman grade (P = 0.013, r_s = ?0.279) and pathological tumour stage pT (P = 0.003, r_s = ?0.334). No relation between the expression of EphA5 and age of patients was found (P = 0.107, r_s = 0.184). Fuhrman grade and pT stage are the most important factors used in prognosis of ccRCC. Hence this study may provide a new and useful prognostic marker in the clinical practice of ccRCC.     

案例教学法、PBL教学法在实习教学中的应用

目的研究分析案例教学、PBL教学法在实习教学中的应用效果。方法选取2019年2月—2020年1月,共80名实习生在本院肿瘤内科实习,遵循计算机随机分组法将实习生分为甲组、乙组,每组40例实习生。甲组实习过程中实施传统教学法+PBL教学法,乙组实习过程中实施案例教学+PBL教学法,在两组实习生实习完毕后,采集相关数据并进行比较分析。分别实施传统教学法+PBL教学法、案例教学+PBL教学法,并进行比较分析。结果乙组笔试成绩、临床操作成绩、教学效果优于甲组(P<0.05)。结论在肿瘤内科实习生教学过程中采用案例教学法联合PBL教学法,可有效提高实习生的自主学习能力,可促使实习生主动参与学习,深入研究分析,深入理解所学知识,可有效提高实习生的理论、实践能力。     

Prognostic factors and survival outcomes of women with uterine leiomyosarcoma: A Turkish Uterine Sarcoma Group Study-003

To assess the clinicopathological features, prognostic factors, and survival rates associated with uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS). Databases from 15 participating gynecological oncology centers in Turkey were searched retrospectively for women who had been treated for stage I-IV uLMS between 1996 and 2018. Of 302 consecutive women with uLMS, there were 234 patients with Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I disease and 68 with FIGO stage II-IV disease. All patients underwent total hysterectomy. Lymphadenectomy was performed in 161 (54.5%) cases. A total of 195 patients received adjuvant treatment. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 42% and 54%, respectively. Presence of lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), higher degree of nuclear atypia, and absence of lymphadenectomy were negatively correlated with DFS, while LVSI, mitotic count, higher degree of nuclear atypia, FIGO stage II-IV disease, and suboptimal surgery significantly decreased OS. LVSI and higher degree of nuclear atypia appear to be prognostic indicators for uLMS. Lymphadenectomy seems to have a significant effect on DFS but not on OS.