《内科护理学》临床实践教学过程设计与管理

目的探讨对《内科护理学》临床实践教学过程进行设计与管理的效果。方法对2003级本科护生临床实践教学过程进行优化、创新设计和管理。结果在保证实践教学任务完成的同时,护生的护理综合能力明显提高,教师的综合素质得到培养与提升。结论加强《内科护理学》临床实践教学过程的设计与管理,能使教学实效得到提高,保证其临床教学质量。     

《黄帝内经》修辞英译之“情理交融”

《黄帝内经》(以下简称《内经》)是我国现存较早的一部重要医学文献,其语言深奥典雅,风格隽秀,是中医古籍中运用修辞的典范。其修辞现象既是文字运用的一大特色,又是翻译的难点所在。故基于比喻、摹声、讳饰、谐韵等辞格角度,探讨如何依据题旨情境,在英译中实现本体与喻体、声象与物象、词形与韵律的有机结合,从而一方面清楚表达语义和逻辑关系,创建合理的结构形态和组织形式,另一方面又能充分展示中医内涵与文化意蕴,在译语中构建出鲜明的民族文化和情感意境,实现“形与意”“情与理”的符号转换,具有良好的学理价值与实践意义。     

对高校课堂教学质量评估的生态学考察

从课堂生态角度考察发现,高校课堂教学质量评估指标基本只考查了教师的教学行为,而对教学质量有重大影响的学生行为、课堂的生态媒介和环境都未纳入评估指标。对典型案例的生态分析表明,实践中的高校课堂教学质量评估指标并不全面,影响评估结果公正的因素很多,要获得客观公正的评估结果确非易事。因此,在应用评估结果时要尽量做到生态和谐,以改良教学为主要目的,淡化证明功能,努力创建一个有利于教师长远发展和教学质量提高的校园生态环境。     

学习科学视域下医学院校ESP课程体系的生态构建

医学院校研究生的ESP课程（English for specific purpose）兼具自然及社会双重属性,注重专业应用型语言的学习及实践,构建具备职业、社会境脉特征的英语教学生态体系是探索医学院校高水平医学生英语语言应用能力的有效途径。本文基于设计的实施研究理念,设计与构建了情景仿真式课程模式,实施了任务型语言教学,完成了混合式关联课堂体系模式的探讨与融合性教师角色的分析。在课堂实践基础上,将创新课程理念与ESP课程生态体系构建有机结合,进一步指导学习科学视域下课程的设计与实施,验证了ESP课程体系生态构建的可行性。     

The Use of Linguistic Cues in Sentence Comprehension by Mandarin-Speaking Children with High-Functioning Autism

Two studies were conducted to investigate how high-functioning children with autism use different linguistic cues in sentence comprehension. Two types of linguistic cues were investigated: word order and morphosyntactic cues. The results show that children with autism can use both types of cues in sentence comprehension. However, compared to age-matched typically developing peers, children with autism relied significantly more on word order cues and exhibited significantly more difficulties in interpreting sentences in which there was a conflict between the morphosyntactic cue and the word order cue. We attribute the difficulties exhibited by children with autism to their deficits in executive function. We then discuss the implications of the findings for understanding the nature of the sentence processing mechanism in autism.     

大脑中汉语"介词"加工的依赖性机制:来自事件相关电位研究的证据

目的考察分析汉语中动词与介词在大脑神经加工机制上的异同。方法采用事件相关电位（event—relatedpotentials,ERP）技术,选择以汉语为母语的正常被试者共16人,观察被试者在加工两类词时脑电的ERP波形变化。结果动词与介词的原始波比较结果表明,动词与介词在230—330ms的时间窗口均诱发一个负波,在350-500ms也均诱发一个负波,它们在峰值上均无显著差异;动词与介词的差异波比较结果表明,无论是在语义上还是句法上,发现两个类型的单词在刺激呈现后270—400ms和470—600ms的时间窗口内,在大脑两侧均诱发一个负波。结论大脑对动词与介词的加工机制没有出现显著差异,介词难以独立成类,N280也非虚词的特定性成分。     

Clinical results of tricuspid valve replacement – a 21-case report

Objective

To summarize the clinical experiences of 21 patients treated with tricuspid valve replacement (TVR) and investigate the surgical indications and methods.

Methods

Data from 21 patients who underwent TVR from December 2002 to March 2009 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The mean age was 48.86±15.37 years (range: 20-72 years). The underlying disease of the patients was classified as rheumatic (n = 10), congenital (n = 8), endocarditis (n = 2) or chest trauma (n = 1). Previous cardiac surgery had been performed in 12 patients (57.14%).

Results

In-hospital death occurred in two patients (9.52%). Postoperative morbidities included cardiac failure (n = 2), bleeding related re-operation (n = 1), and plural effusion (n = 2).

Conclusion

The early outcomes of TVR were acceptable. At the present time TVR can be performed through optimal perioperative management.