钆布醇在腹部增强磁共振动脉血管成像中的应用价值:一项前瞻性、多中心研究

目的探究钆布醇增强磁共振血管成像(MRA)在腹部动脉血管扫描的应用价值。方法前瞻性纳入2014年12月至2015年12月期间行钆布醇增强MRA检查患者112例,由两名观察者对图像质量进行分析,对大中血管行主观评分和信号值测定,对小血管进行主观评分。采用Kappa检验对两名观察者的主观评分进行一致性分析。结果最终纳入112例患者,其中96例患者因体检行腹部MRA检查,16例患者因肝脏占位行腹部MRA检查。所有患者均未发现不良反应。112例钆布醇增强MRA图像中,有2例患者因呼吸伪影严重而影响血管显影。110例MRA图像清晰,能清晰显示大中血管和小血管的起源、走行。大中血管成像的主观评分为(21.22±1.93)分,对小血管成像的主观评分为(6.24±1.33)分。对感兴趣区大中血管的信号强度测量显示信号噪声比和对比信号噪声比率分别为1093.27±331.71和897.27±333.29。两名观察者对大中血管定性分析的一致性Kappa值为0.782,对小血管定性分析的一致性Kappa值为0.772。结论钆布醇增强MRA能清晰显示大中血管,还能良好显示部分小血管,在腹部动脉血管扫描中具有良好的应用价值。     

Do different types of stress differentially alter behavioural and neurobiological outcomes associated with depression in rodent models? A systematic review

Cataloguing the effects of different types of stress on behaviour and physiology in rodent models has not been comprehensively attempted. Here, we systematically review whether chronic exposure to physical stress, psychosocial stress, or both types of stress can induce different behavioural and neurobiological outcomes in male and female rodents. We found that physical stress consistently increased depressive-like behaviour, impaired social interaction and decreased body weight, while psychosocial stress consistently increased both anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour, impaired social interaction and learning and memory, increased HPA axis activity, peripheral inflammation and microglial activation, and decreased hippocampal neurogenesis in male rodents. Moreover, we found that the combined effect of both stress types resulted in a more severe pathological state defined by increased anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour, impaired social interaction and learning and memory, increased HPA axis activity and central inflammation, and reduced hippocampal neurogenesis and neural plasticity in male rodents. Phenotypes for females were less consistent, irrespective of the type of stress exposure, on account of the limited number of studies using females. This review highlights that the type of stress may indeed matter and will help animal researchers to more appropriately choose a stress/depression model that fits their research purposes.     

弱精子症相关基因的生物信息学研究

目的:研究弱精子症特异表达基因,加深对弱精子症发生分子机制的认识。方法:采用GATHER、PANTHER以及ToppGene在线生物信息学分析工具,对弱精子症差异表达基因进行生物信息学分析挖掘。结果:通过上述生物信息学软件分析发现,弱精子症差异表达基因在细胞蛋白质及大分子生物代谢过程、蛋白修饰、细胞死亡、细胞凋亡以及凋亡介导中发挥着重要作用。结论:通过生物信息学挖掘发现弱精子症患者精子在活力下降的同时,精子的基本生命活动也下降,同时更易于发生凋亡或死亡。参与细胞骨架构成、微管运动、细胞运动的一些差异表达基因,如KIF3B、MYO15A、KIF6、KIF26B、KIF3A、DNHD2、DMN、DYNC2H1、STARD9、MYOHD1、TPM1等,可能与弱精子症相关,值得进一步深入研究。     

Pararectus approach combined with three-dimensional printing for anterior plate fixation of sacral fractures

BackgroundSurgical treatment of sacral fractures is difficult, both for reduction and stabilization. Traditional surgical reduction and internal fixation require a long duration of operation leading to extra blood loss, extensive tissue damage, and increased risk of post-operation complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a minimally invasive technique that could be more effective, more tissue sparing, and lead to less bleeding. We hypothesized that a Pararectus approach for anterior fixation of unstable sacral fractures would be reliable and more advantageous and significantly improve the outcome of sacral fracture repair.MethodsTwelve patients with unstable sacral fractures were recruited and examined by CT scanning. A 3D model of each sacral fracture was reconstructed. The computer-assisted 3D image of the reduced pelvis was 3D printed for surgery simulation and plate pre-bending. All cases were treated operatively with the anterior anatomical reduction and internal fixation via a minimally invasive Pararectus approach. VAS, Matta, and Majeed scores were used to evaluate outcomes of the operation.ResultsPre-operations were consistent with the actual surgeries in all cases. The pre-bent plates had an anatomical shape specifically fit to the individual pelvis without further adjustment at the time of surgery, and fracture reductions were significantly improved with little invasive tissue damage. The average operation time was 110 min. The intraoperative blood loss and incision length averaged 695 ml and 6.7 cm, respectively. A high percentage of all cases achieved a diaplasis with an excellent or good score according to the Matta and Majeed standards (83.33% and 91.67%, respectively).All patients achieved clinical healing with an average healing time of 8 weeks.Conclusion3D printing-assisted anterior fixation of unstable sacral fractures via a minimally invasive Pararectus approach is feasible. This new surgical strategy minimizes trauma damage and bleeding and produces satisfactory reduction and therapeutic efficacy.     

NEK7在原发性肝细胞肝癌患者中表达及其临床意义

目的探究肝癌患者NEK7表达情况与患者临床生物学特征及预后的关系。方法基于TCGA数据库提供的肝癌mRNA数据,以Cox回归及LASSO筛查选择重要的预后变量,Spearman相关性分析进行肝癌预后密切相关分子与NEK7表达的相关性分析。免疫组化检验肝癌标本癌组织、癌旁组织及非肿瘤肝脏组织中的NEK7表达的差异性,分析其不同表达情况与肝癌患者病理学特征之间的关系,并探究其不同表达水平肝癌患者预后差异性。结果与肝癌预后密切相关的mRNA分子CCDC21及GTF3C2与NEK7之间的表达具有显著的相关性,单因素分析表明影响肝癌患者预后的因素主要有肿瘤分化程度、是否合并癌栓及NEK7表达情况,相较于癌旁组织及正常肝脏组织,肝癌组织中NEK7表达显著升高,且其表达水平及强度与肝癌分化程度、Child分级及是否合并有癌栓相关,高表达NEK7的肝癌患者,其生存时间较低表达者显著缩短。结论肝癌患者预后因素主要有肿瘤分化程度、是否合并癌栓及NEK表达情况。NEK7在肝癌组织呈高表达状态,其表达水平及强度与肿瘤组织分化程度、Child分级及是否合并有癌栓相关,阳性表达NEK7肝癌患者生存时间显著缩短。