载顺铂磁性纳米药物在小鼠体内的组织分布

 目的 研究海藻酸钠改性载顺铂磁性纳米药物的组织分布特征。方法 昆明小鼠84只,随机分为实验组和对照组,分别按顺铂剂量10 mg·kg-1从尾静脉推注载顺铂磁性纳米药物或顺铂0.2 mL,于给药后1,2,4,10 h,1,3,7 d,分7个时间点各处死实验组和对照组一组小鼠（6只）,取出小鼠的心、肝、脾、肺、肾组织,经强酸湿法消化后在原子吸收光谱仪上测定各组织样本中铂的浓度。结果 给药后7个不同时间点磁性顺铂在各组织中的浓度均明显高于顺铂（P<0.001）,7 d后实验组中肝、脾、肾组织中磁性顺铂的浓度分别为（8.31±1.92 ）、（24.23±6.02）、（3.02±0.74） μg·g-1,而对照组中顺铂分别只有（1.47±0.64）、0、（1.62±0.38） μg·g-1。结论 一次性给药后海藻酸钠改性载顺铂磁性纳米药物在小鼠体内的分布与顺铂不同,前者主要分布于肝、脾,并在组织中维持较长时间,后者主要分布于肝、肾,较快从组织中被清除。     

太极拳训练改善中老年人腰椎旁肌脂肪分数的研究

目的:使用改良水-脂分离技术定量评估腰椎旁肌的脂肪含量,探讨太极拳训练对中老年人腰椎旁肌脂肪分数的作用。方法:86例中老年人(太极拳组42例,对照组44例)行常规磁共振检查及改良水-脂分离技术(m-DIXON Quant)序列扫描,测量L2/L3、L3/L4、L4/L5、L5/S1水平双侧竖脊肌、多裂肌脂肪含量;采用独立样本t检验,分析两组患者同一层面腰椎旁肌脂肪含量的区别。结果:太极拳组腰椎旁竖脊肌、多裂肌脂肪含量均低于对照组,经独立样本t检验,竖脊肌L3/L4(t=3.20,P<0.01)、L4/L5(t=2.32,P<0.05)、L5/S1(t=2.15,P<0.05)差异有统计学意义;多裂肌L3/L4(t=2.21,P<0.05)、L4/L5(t=2.42,P<0.05)、L5/S1(t=2.89,P<0.01)差异有统计学意义。结论:太极拳训练可延缓中老年人腰椎旁肌脂肪浸润程度,以下腰段改善较明显。     

SOHO State of the Art Updates and Next Questions: What is Fitness in the Era of Targeted Agents?

The importance of coexisting conditions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) outcome has been increasingly recognized over the past years. The role of comorbidities to predict patients’ vulnerability toward immunochemotherapy has been well establish, especially since some of the tools commonly used to evaluate patients’ fitness were employed to determine treatment eligibility in randomized trials. Nevertheless, is it still unclear how much fitness weights on treatment outcome with targeted agents and which assessment should be preferred. There are key differences in the toxicity profile between novel agents that are getting much more evident in retrospective, real-life experiences, rather than clinical trials. Therefore, an individual patient's comorbid medical conditions may be a deciding factor in therapy selection. Here, we analyze main evidence in literature on the predicting value of comorbidity assessment on outcome and management of CLL patients receiving novel agents.     

MYD88, IRAK3 and Rheumatoid Arthritis pathogenesis: Analysis of differential gene expression in CD14 + monocytes and the inflammatory cytokine levels

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a well-known chronic inflammatory disorder. Two molecular players act in the inflammation balance of the disease: MyD88 (Myeloid differentiation primary response 88) is related to TLR (Toll-like receptors) response and promotes the formation of myddosome complex resulting in increased inflammation; IRAK3 (Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase 3) acts suppressing the myddosome complex thus decreasing inflammation. In this scenario, MYD88 and IRAK3 gene expression profile in RA patients and its correlation with clinical features is still partially known. So, we evaluated the MYD88 and IRAK3 gene expressions in CD14 + monocytes from RA patients and healthy controls and its relation with patients’ clinical features and cytokine plasma levels. CD14 + monocytes were isolated using positive selection by magnetic cell separation. The MYD88 and IRAK3 gene expressions were measured through real time relative quantitative PCR with specific primers; relative quantification was normalized to ACTB, GAPDH, 18S and RPLP0 reference genes. Cytokine levels were analyzed by CBA (cytokine beads assays). CD14 + monocytes from RA patients showed lower IRAK3 expression level compared to controls although with a borderline statistical significance (Fold change (FC) = -1.63; p = 0.054). Furthermore, RA patients with high disease activity had lower levels of IRAK3 when compared to patients with low/moderate activity measured by the CDAI index (FC = -1.78; p = 0.030). No significant differences were observed for MYD88 gene expression (FC = 1.20; p = 0.294) between patients and controls analyzed. Additionally, we did not we did not observe correlation between IRAK3 and MYD88 gene expression and TNF-α, IL-6, IL-2 and IL-10 levels. We suggested that IRAK3 gene expression in CD14 + monocytes appears to be relevant to the RA etiology and clinical activity, whereas, in this study, MYD88 does not play a role in RA onset and development.     

Evaluation of retinal vessel and perfusion density in migraine patients by optical coherence tomography angiography

BackgroundMigraine is a neurovascular disease and has been reported as a risk factor for ocular vascular complications. Our study aimed to compare the retinal vessel density and perfusion density between migraine patients and healthy subjects by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).MethodsIn this prospective study, 23 patients with migraine with aura (MWA) and 31 patients with migraine without aura (MWOA), and 32 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. The vessel density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) were evaluated in a 6 × 6 mm scan of the macula and optic nerve head (ONH) with the Cirrus HD-OCT 5000 device. The measurement area is divided into three areas: center (c), inner ring (ir), outer ring (or) (with diameters of 1, 3, and 6 mm respectively), and nine subfields, according to the Early Treatment Retinopathy Study grid.ResultsThe macular cVD, cPD, and temporal orVD in MWA and MWOA groups were significantly reduced than those of HC. On optic nerve head OCTA, patients with MWA had decreased cVD, average irVD, inferior irVD, and temporal orVD compared with HCs while MWOA had reduced cVD than HC group. In addition, PD was not significantly different among MWA, MWOA, and HC groups in any measure in the optic nerve head. The Migraine Disability Assessment Score (MIDAS) and attack frequency were significantly inversely correlated with cVD, cPD, irVD, and irPD of macula and ONH.ConclusionsVessel and perfusion density of macula were reduced in both MWA and MWOA. Vessel density, but not perfusion density of ONH was decreased in MWA. The migraine severity and attack frequency were significantly inversely correlated with vessel and perfusion density of macula and ONH.     

ASO Visual Abstract: Pulmonary Metastasectomy in Patients with Lung Metastases from Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Annals of Surgical Oncology -