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101.
《Nursing outlook》2022,70(1):36-46
The purpose of this consensus paper was to convene leaders and scholars from eight Expert Panels of the American Academy of Nursing and provide recommendations to advance nursing's roles and responsibility to ensure universal access to palliative care. On behalf of the Academy, these evidence-based recommendations will guide nurses, policy makers, government representatives, professional associations, and interdisciplinary and community partners to integrate palliative nursing services across health and social care settings. Through improved palliative nursing education, nurse-led research, nurse engagement in policy making, enhanced intersectoral partnerships with nursing, and an increased profile and visibility of palliative care nurses worldwide, nurses can assume leading roles in delivering high-quality palliative care globally, particularly for minoritized, marginalized, and other at-risk populations. Part II herein provides a summary of international responses and policy options that have sought to enhance universal palliative care and palliative nursing access to date. Additionally, we provide ten policy, education, research, and clinical practice recommendations based on the rationale and background information found in Part I. The consensus paper's 43 authors represent eight countries (Australia, Canada, England, Kenya, Lebanon, Liberia, South Africa, United States of America) and extensive international health experience, thus providing a global context for the subject matter. 相似文献
102.
Guang Si Shen Qing Yang Jing Long Jian Guo Yang Zhao Lu Lin Liu Xiao Wang Wen Zhang Xi Huang You Jia Xu 《Calcified tissue international》2014,94(6):632-639
Iron accumulation is a risk factor of osteoporosis; mechanisms leading to iron-related bone loss are not fully determined. We sought to better understand the effect of chronic iron accumulation on bone over the life span in a mouse model. Hepcidin1 knockout (Hepc1 ?/?) male mice and their littermate control wild type (WT) mice at 7 months old were used in this study. Serum iron and ferritin as well as iron contents in liver and femur were significantly increased in Hepc1 ?/? mice compared to WT mice. We found that Hepc1 ?/? mice had a phenotype of low bone mass and alteration of the bone microarchitecture, most likely caused by a decreased osteoblastic activity. Cell culture studies indicated that chronic iron accumulation decreased bone formation, probably by affecting bone morphogenetic protein signaling. 相似文献
103.
104.
Dependence of and field patterns of surface coils on the electrical properties of the sample and the MR operating frequency 下载免费PDF全文
Manushka V. Vaidya Christopher M. Collins Daniel K. Sodickson Ryan Brown Graham C. Wiggins Riccardo Lattanzi 《Concepts in magnetic resonance. Part B, Magnetic resonance engineering.》2016,46(1):25-40
In high field MRI, the spatial distribution of the radiofrequency magnetic ( ) field is usually affected by the presence of the sample. For hardware design and to aid interpretation of experimental results, it is important both to anticipate and to accurately simulate the behavior of these fields. Fields generated by a radiofrequency surface coil were simulated using dyadic Green's functions, or experimentally measured over a range of frequencies inside an object whose electrical properties were varied to illustrate a variety of transmit ( ) and receive ( ) field patterns. In this work, we examine how changes in polarization of the field and interference of propagating waves in an object can affect the spatial distribution. Results are explained conceptually using Maxwell's equations and intuitive illustrations. We demonstrate that the electrical conductivity alters the spatial distribution of distinct polarized components of the field, causing “twisted” transmit and receive field patterns, and asymmetries between and . Additionally, interference patterns due to wavelength effects are observed at high field in samples with high relative permittivity and near‐zero conductivity, but are not present in lossy samples due to the attenuation of propagating EM fields. This work provides a conceptual framework for understanding spatial distributions for surface coils and can provide guidance for RF engineers. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 46B: 25–40, 2016 相似文献
105.
n = 58) performed between July 1983 and March 1993 were reviewed. Patients (n= 51) had critical ischemia or tissue loss, with an average of 2.8 previous vascular procedures. The 58 initial infrainguinal
bypasses included 38 above-the-knee and 13 below-the-knee femoropopliteal, 5 femorodistal, and 2 popliteal-distal. Thirty-nine
of the 58 femoropopliteal grafts were prosthetic. The extension bypasses included popliteal-tibial, graft-tibial, and peroneal-plantar.
They were performed for recurrent or persistent ischemia after failed initial infrainguinal bypasses in limbs, and with still-patent
bypasses. All extension bypasses were vein conduits. Mean follow-up was 59 (range: 6 to 164) months. The cumulative life-table
5-year survival rate for all patients was 95%. The 27-month limb-salvage rate was 70%. Our findings indicate that patients
with advanced peripheral vascular disease may have prolonged survival, and extension bypasses contribute significantly to
their limb salvage. Thus, aggressive application of extension bypass to save threatened limbs is supported. 相似文献
106.
Multiorgan resection for gastric cancer: intraoperative and computed tomography assessment of locally advanced disease is inaccurate 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kari L. Colen Stuart G. Marcus Elliot Newman Russell S. Berman Herman Yee Spiros P. Hiotis 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2004,8(7):897-900
Multiorgan resection of locally advanced gastric cancer has previously been associated with increased morbidity. This study
was performed to determine the actual prevalence of pathologic T4 disease in multiorgan gastric resection specimens excised
for presumed clinical T4 gastric cancer. A prospective oncology database was queried to identify gastric cancer patients who
underwent en bloc multiorgan resection for clinical T4 lesions. Four hundred eighteen patients with gastric cancer underwent
gastrectomy between 1990 and 2002. Multiorgan resection was performed in 21 of 418 (5%) patients. Multiorgan resection was
not associated with a significant increase in morbidity or mortality. Pathologically confirmed T4 disease was present in only
8 of 21 (38%) patients; the pathologic T stage in all remaining patients was T3 (13 [62%]). Fifteen patients were evaluated
by preoperative computed tomography scan. Preoperative computed tomography was inaccurate in assessing T4 lesions, with a
positive predictive value of only 50%. Multiorgan resection was safely performed in patients with locally advanced gastric
cancer. Pathologic T4 disease was present in only one third of multiorgan resections performed for en bloc excision of locally
advanced gastric cancer. Improved methods for intraoperative assessment of disease extension to adjacent viscera should be
investigated.
Presented at the Forty-Fourth Annual Meeting of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Oriando, Florida, May 18–21,
2003 (poster presentation). 相似文献
107.
Stein P Yang R Liu J Pastores GM Mistry PK 《Journal of inherited metabolic disease》2011,34(2):429-437
Circulating biomarkers are important surrogates for monitoring disease activity in type I Gaucher disease (GD1). We and others
have reported low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in GD1. We assessed HDL cholesterol as a biomarker of GD1, with respect to
its correlation with indicators of disease severity and its response to imiglucerase enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). In
278 consecutively evaluated GD1 patients, we correlated HDL cholesterol, chitotriosidase, and angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) with indicators of disease severity. Additionally, we measured the response of these biomarkers to ERT. HDL cholesterol
was negatively correlated with spleen volume, liver volume, and GD severity score index; the magnitude of this association
of disease severity with HDL cholesterol was similar to that for ACE and for chitotriosidase. Within individual patients monitored
over many years, there was a strikingly strong correlation of HDL with liver and spleen volumes; there was a similarly strong
correlation of chitotriosidase and ACE with disease severity in individual patients monitored serially over many years (chitotriosidase
r = 0.96 to 0.98, ACE r = 0.88 to 0.94, and HDL r = −0.84 to −0.94, p < 0.001). ERT for 3 years resulted in a striking increase of HDL while serum levels of chitotriosidase and ACE decreased.
Our results reveal markedly low HDL cholesterol in untreated GD1, a correlation with indicators of disease severity in GD1,
and a rise towards normal after ERT. These findings suggest HDL cholesterol merits inclusion within the “biomarker basket”
for monitoring of patients with GD1. 相似文献
108.
Background
Pseudoptosis (bottoming out) is a well-observed phenomenon occurring after all types of breast reduction surgery. The authors’ team previously reported the use of three-dimensional (3D) imaging to demonstrate that significant morphologic changes occur in the breast during the first year after short-scar medial pedicle breast reduction. This study extended this evaluation to postoperative year 3. 相似文献109.
Hardy C Rosedale M Messinger JW Kleinhaus K Aujero N Silva H Goetz RR Goetz D Harkavy-Friedman J Malaspina D 《Bipolar disorders》2012,14(1):109-117
Hardy C, Rosedale M, Messinger JW, Kleinhaus K, Aujero N, Silva H, Goetz RR, Goetz D, Harkavy‐Friedman J, Malaspina D. Olfactory acuity is associated with mood and function in a pilot study of stable bipolar disorder patients. Bipolar Disord 2012: 14: 109–117. © 2012 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Objectives: Olfactory dysfunction is described in several neuropsychiatric disorders but there is little research on olfactory processing in bipolar disorder. Methods: We assessed odor detection threshold (sensitivity) and smell identification test scores, along with symptoms, cognition, and social function in 20 DSM‐IV bipolar disorder patients and 44 control subjects. Results: The patient and control groups had similar demographic measures, intelligence, and mean olfaction scores, but significantly differed in social domains, including adjustment, function, and anxiety. Odor detection sensitivity showed significantly opposite correlations for the depressive and manic mood domains in bipolar disorder (r to z = 2.83, p = 0.005). Depressive symptoms were related to increased sensitivity (the ability to detect odors at a lower concentration) and mania symptoms were related to decreased sensitivity for odor detection. Increased sensitivity for odor detection also predicted significantly better employment (r = ?0.642, p = 0.024), whereas less sensitivity was associated with social avoidance (r = 0.702, p = 0.024) and social fear (r = 0.610, p = 0.046). Conclusions: Diminished odor detection sensitivity predicted mania and social avoidance, whereas more sensitive odor detection predicted more depressive symptoms but better employment functioning in bipolar disorder patients. Odor acuity may be an illness state marker of mood syndromes in bipolar disorder. Alternatively, differences in odor acuity may identify heterogeneous subgroups within the bipolar spectrum. Longitudinal assessments in a large, sex‐stratified sample are needed to understand the implications of odor sensitivity in patients with bipolar disorder. 相似文献
110.
Niyati Parekh Yong Lin Richard B. Hayes Jeanine B. Albu Grace L. Lu-Yao 《Cancer causes & control : CCC》2010,21(4):631-642
Insulin and glucose may influence cancer mortality via their proliferative and anti-apoptotic properties. Using longitudinal
data from the nationally representative Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III; 1988–1994), with
an average follow-up of 8.5 years to death, we evaluated markers of glucose and insulin metabolism, with cancer mortality,
ascertained using death certificates or the National Death Index. Plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and lipid concentrations
were measured. Anthropometrics, lifestyle, medical, and demographic information was obtained during in-person interviews.
After adjusting for age, race, sex, smoking status, physical activity, and body mass index, for every 50 mg/dl increase in
plasma glucose, there was a 22% increased risk of overall cancer mortality. Insulin resistance was associated with a 41% (95%
confidence interval (CI) (1.07–1.87; p = 0.01) increased risk of overall cancer mortality. These associations were stronger after excluding lung cancer deaths for
insulin-resistant individuals (HR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.15–2.42; p = 0.01), specifically among those with lower levels of physical activity (HR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.4–3.0; p = 0.0001). Similar associations were observed for other blood markers of glucose and insulin, albeit not statistically significant.
In conclusion, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance may be ‘high-risk’ conditions for cancer mortality. Managing these conditions
may be effective cancer control tools. 相似文献