三氯乙烯生物标志物的研究进展

三氯乙烯(trichloroethylene,TCE)是一种挥发性有机溶剂,主要在其制造、使用和弃置过程中释放入人类环境。在空气、水、土壤、食物和动物脏器中都有检出,人群接触量最大的为金属清洗工人,多为呼吸道吸入。检测表明目前93%通过地下水供水的公众饮水系统和9%~34%饮水用水源头均已     

饮水中低浓度甲基汞对小鼠仔代生长发育及神经行为的影响

[目的]ICR小鼠通过饮水暴露于低浓度氯化甲基汞(MeHgCl),观察其子代生长发育和行为及可能产生的毒作用。[方法]ICR孕鼠随机分为对照组、低浓度组(0.01mg/L)和高浓度组(0.1mg/L),于怀孕第6天起分别自由饮用蒸馏水、氯化甲基汞含量为0.01mg/L、0.1mg/L的蒸馏水直至哺乳期结束,观察母鼠和仔鼠的一般状况、仔鼠的早期发育、行为反射和学习认知能力等指标。[结果]在低浓度甲基汞作用下(相当于饮用水汞卫生标准8倍和80倍水平),亲仔两代均未出现明显的毒性反应。染毒组仔鼠的各项神经发育指标与对照组相比差异无显著性(P>0.05),但是仔鼠的学习能力显著降低(P<0.05)。[结论]在饮水中低浓度甲基汞虽然对子代的生长和行为发育没有明显的损害,但是子代的学习能力已受影响。     

肺癌组织中黑色素瘤抗原-A3基因mRNA的表达及其序列点突变分析

目的检测肺癌组织中黑色素瘤抗原-3基因(MAGE-A3)mRNA的表达。方法用逆转录-套式聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)对31例肺癌患者癌组织和相应癌旁组织MAGE-A3mRNA表达情况进行测定;PE-377DNA测序仪对5例10个RT-PCR扩增产物中的目的基因片段进行DNA序列测定。结果31例肺癌患者癌组织中26例表达MAGE-A3mRNA,阳性率为83.9%;相应的癌旁组织均未表达。DNA序列测定证明PCR扩增产物中目的基因片段均为MAGE-A3cDNA序列,所测5例样本中4例样本有两个相同位置的碱基发生了点突变(C2773→T2773;G2807→A2807),导致一个氨基酸残基改变(E143→K)。结论MAGE-A3mRNA在肺癌中呈高比例表达,提示此抗原有可能作为肺癌患者免疫治疗的靶抗原。我国肺癌患者中存在MAGE-A3基因个别位点的变异。     

Are patterns of bone loss in anorexic and postmenopausal women similar? Preliminary results using high resolution peripheral computed tomography

This study intended to compare bone density and architecture in three groups of women: young women with anorexia nervosa (AN), an age-matched control group of young women, and healthy late postmenopausal women. Three-dimensional peripheral quantitative high resolution computed-tomography (HR-pQCT) at the ultradistal radius, a technology providing measures of cortical and trabecular bone density and microarchitecture, was performed in the three cohorts. Thirty-six women with AN aged 18–30 years (mean duration of AN: 5.8 years), 83 healthy late postmenopausal women aged 70–81 as well as 30 age-matched healthy young women were assessed. The overall cortical and trabecular bone density (D100), the absolute thickness of the cortical bone (CTh), and the absolute number of trabecules per area (TbN) were significantly lower in AN patients compared with healthy young women. The absolute number of trabecules per area (TbN) in AN and postmenopausal women was similar, but significantly lower than in healthy young women.The comparison between AN patients and post-menopausal women is of interest because the latter reach bone peak mass around the middle of the fertile age span whereas the former usually lose bone before reaching optimal bone density and structure. This study shows that bone mineral density and bone compacta thickness in AN are lower than those in controls but still higher than those in postmenopause. Bone compacta density in AN is similar as in controls. However, bone inner structure in AN is degraded to a similar extent as in postmenopause. This last finding is particularly troubling.