Evidence of association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms in lipid metabolism-related genes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Chinese population

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex chronic metabolic disorder triggered by insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. Evidence has shown that lipid metabolism and related genetic factors lead to insulin resistance. Hence, it is meaningful to investigate the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in lipid metabolism-related genes and T2DM.Methods: A total of 1,194 subjects with T2DM and 1,274 Non-diabetic subjects (NDM) were enrolled. Five SNPs in three genes (rs864745 in JAZF1, rs35767 in IGF1, and rs4376068, rs4402960, and rs6769511 in IGF2BP2) that contribute to insulin resistance involving lipid metabolism were genotyped using the MassArray method in a Chinese population.Results: The allele and genotypes of rs6769511 in IGF2BP2 were associated with T2DM (P=0.009 and P=0.002, respectively). In inheritance model analysis, compared with the T/T-C/T genotype, the C/C genotype of rs6769511 in IGF2BP2 was a risk factor for the development of T2DM (P<0.001, odds ratio [OR] =1.76; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-2.42). Haplotype analysis revealed associations of the rs4376068-rs4402960-rs6769511 haplotypes in IGF2BP2 with the development of T2DM (P=0.015). Additionally, rs4376068C-rs4402960T-rs6769511C was a risk haplotype for T2DM (OR=1.179; 95% CI: 1.033-1.346).Conclusion: The rs6769511 in IGF2BP2 was associated with T2DM susceptibility, and the rs4376068-rs4402960-rs6769511 haplotypes in IGF2BP2 was associated with the development of T2DM in a Chinese population.     

晚期非小细胞肺癌外周血循环肿瘤DNA EGFR突变与TKI疗效的相关性

目的:探讨晚期非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer，NSCLC）外周血循环肿瘤DNA（circulating tumor DNA，ctDNA）表皮生长因子受体（epidermal growth factor receptor，EGFR）突变与EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（tyrosine kinase inhibitor，TKI）治疗疗效的相关性。方法:利用突变扩增阻滞系统（amplification refractory mutation system，ARMS）法检测50例NSCLC患者外周血ctDNA EGFR突变，其中27例进行组织与ctDNA配对检测。给予TKI治疗一月后进行疗效评价。对ctDNA EGFR突变与患者的临床因素、疗效相关性进行分析，并比较ctDNA与肿瘤组织EGFR突变的一致性。结果:患者性别、年龄、PS评分、病理类型、吸烟史与ctDNA EGFR突变无明显相关性（P>0.05）。ctDNA EGFR突变组客观缓解率（76.5%）、疾病控制率（100%）均高于野生型组（30.3%，60.6%）（P<0.05）。生存分析结果显示:ctDNA EGFR突变组无进展生存期（12个月）较野生型组长（4个月）（P<0.05）。27例配对检测结果显示:ctDNA与肿瘤组织EGFR突变一致率为66.7%（18/27，Kappa=0.400，P<0.05）。无进展生存期:ctDNA（23个月）/肿瘤组织（12个月）EGFR突变组均长于野生型组（2个月/1个月）（P<0.05）。结论:晚期NSCLC外周血ctDNA EGFR突变患者TKI治疗有效率高，ctDNA与肿瘤组织EGFR突变一致性好，作为肿瘤组织的替代检测标本是可行的。     

湿热烧伤膏对神经外科正压静脉留置针留置时间的影响

  目的  观察湿热烧伤膏对经正压静脉留置针输注特殊药物患者的正压静脉留置针留置时间的影响。  方法  选取昆明医科大学第三附属医院神经外科200例经正压静脉留置针输注高浓度、高刺激性药物患者，随机分为观察组及对照组（每组各100例），观察组应用湿热烧伤膏沿静脉走向涂抹厚度约1～2 mm，外层包裹保鲜膜，每日用药2次；对照组不使用任何药物干预，只采取常规护理措施。比较并发症发生率、留置针留置时间。  结果  正压静脉留置针置时间达72 h者，观察组为95%，对照组为76%，2组比较，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；2组并发症发生率比较，观察组为4%，对照组34%，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；2组满意度比较，对照组为96%，观察组78%，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。  结论  湿润烧伤膏对肿瘤神经外科经正压静脉留置针输注高浓度、高刺激性的特殊药物患者延长留置针留置时间、减少并发症效果显著，且经济实惠，值得临床借鉴。     

新版GMP规范下无菌制剂洗烘灌封联动分装线URS

URS是设备采购的重要技术资料,针对新版GMP规范要求,结合洗烘灌封联动分装线系统及无菌制药工艺特点制定相关URS。     

肺部微生态与肺癌的相关性研究进展

近年来肺部微生态开始成为微生物组学研究的热点。健康人群和肺癌患者在肺部微生物群落存在差异，环境因素、吸烟、遗传对肺部微生态及肺癌的发生发展有关联。有研究发现肺癌患者的下呼吸道微生物的组成与健康人群显著不同。所以通过改善肺部微生态，抑制肺癌的发生发展的微环境，可能为肺癌早期防治和个性化治疗提供新策略。就肺部微生态的与肺癌相关研究进展作一综述。     

乳腺CEUS预测模型诊断乳腺恶性病灶的观察者间一致性:多中心研究

目的 探讨拉伸指数模型DWI鉴别诊断乳腺良恶性病变的价值。方法 收集58例乳腺病变患者,共63个病灶（良性33个,恶性30个）,行多b值DWI及动态增强MRI （DCE-MRI）扫描。计算ADC、扩散分布指数（DDC）和扩散异质性指数（α）值,并生成时间-信号强度曲线（TIC）。比较良恶性病变间各参数差异,采用ROC曲线评价各参数诊断效能。结果 恶性病变ADC、DDC和α分别为（1.01±0.19）×10^-3 mm²/s、（0.89±0.23）×10^-3 mm²/s和0.75±0.09,良性病变分别为（1.41±0.27）×10^-3 mm²/s、（1.49±0.29）×10^-3 mm²/s和0.87±0.07,恶性病变均低于良性病变（P均<0.01）。各参数中DDC曲线下面积（AUC）最大（AUC=0.958）,最佳诊断界值1.22×10^-3 mm²/s,敏感度和特异度分别为96.67%、81.82%,DDC与TIC联合所得AUC为0.976,对应敏感度和特异度分别为93.33%、93.94%。结论 拉伸指数模型DWI参数DDC、α能够鉴别诊断乳腺良恶性病变,DDC与TIC联合的诊断效能高于ADC和DCE。     

人埃可病毒20型KM/EV20/2010分离株的全基因组序列分析

目的 对人埃可病毒20型(ECHO20)KM/EV20/2010分离株全基因组进行序列测定, 并分析其分子变异和进化特点。方法 设计针对KM/EV20/2010引物, 提取病毒RNA, RT-PCR扩增和序列测定获得全基因序列。利用Mega 4.1、RDP3和SimPlot 3.5.1软件分析全基因序列。结果 KM/EV20/2010病毒株基因组全长7 395 bp个核苷酸(nt), 5''端和3''端分别为744 nt和96 nt的非编码区, 5''和3''非编码区间为一个6 549 nt长的开放阅读框, 编码一个含2 183个氨基酸的多聚蛋白, 编码区内未见核苷酸的插入或缺失。与GenBank中现有唯一1株ECHO20 JV-1原型株全基因组序列相比对, 核苷酸同源性为80.1%, 氨基酸同源性为96.7%;构建基于全长VP1基因序列的进化树图并进行基因分型分析, ECHO20可分为6个基因型, 中国分离株分属Ⅲ和Ⅳ基因型, 其中KM/EV20/2010属于基因型Ⅳ, 且6个基因型之间核苷酸的差异为9.4%～21.7%。基于全基因组序列的种系进化分析提示KM/EV20/2010分离株与ECHO20原型株JV-1遗传距离很远, 未与原型株JV-1聚簇分布, 而与ECHO30病毒株遗传距离较近。分析发现KM/EV20/2010序列在非结构区可能存在重组。结论 中国ECHO20可分为6个基因型, KM/EV20/2010分离株属于Ⅳ基因型。     

滇西亚种树鼩微卫星分子标记的筛选

目的 筛选出适用于滇西亚种树鼩种群遗传质量控制的特异性微卫星分子标记。方法 首先从树鼩全基因组序列中筛选出约700个微卫星位点, 择优选出约100个位点设计引物, 去除有不良因素的, 最后保留33对和文献报道的13对引物对滇西亚种树鼩DNA进行 PCR扩增, 根据琼脂糖电泳和聚丙烯酰胺电泳结果筛选保留, 进行STR扫描再次筛选适于树鼩遗传检测的微卫星位点组合。结果 筛选出树鼩微卫星位点22个, STR基因扫描有明显Stutter峰。比较备选位点和最终筛选出的位点, 普通树鼩位点中选取5个, 2个可用, 与滇西亚种的重合率是40%;印度小树鼩位点中选取5个, 2个可用, 重合率是40%;中缅树鼩的位点中选取3个, 2个可用, 重合率约70%。结论 筛选出的22个微卫星位点适用于滇西亚种树鼩的遗传检测, 为树鼩种群的遗传质量监测提供科学依据。     

野生树鼩肠道蠕虫感染调查及分析

目的调查野生树鼩(Tupaia belangeri Chinensis)感染肠道蠕虫的主要种类并进行鉴定,为今后树鼩寄生虫检测提供形态学参考,为实验树鼩寄生虫控制提供依据。方法采集203只野外来源的树鼩新鲜粪便,虫卵采用常规粪便直接涂片以及孵化后显微镜观察;绦虫采用压片、固定染色,以及线虫经透明后体视镜观察,虫卵与成虫相对应鉴定。结果野生树鼩肠道蠕虫的总感染率为75.86%,主要感染种类有3种,经鉴定为长膜壳绦虫、奇口线虫和粪类圆线虫,感染率分别为27.67%,30.06%和51.52%。三种蠕虫的混合感染率为4.55%。两种线虫虫卵在树鼩粪便中多为含胚胎形态。结论野生树鼩肠道蠕虫的感染率较高。对野外引入的新种源必须隔离检疫,进行针对性的药物治疗,才能有效地控制肠道寄生虫病的传播。     

Association of Polymorphism rs1045411 in the HMGB1 Gene with Cancer Risk: Evidence from a Meta-analysis

The high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) rs1045411 polymorphism has been demonstrated to be associated with cancer risk in some studies. However, the results regarding this topic are inconsistent. A meta-analysis was applied to elucidate the association between the HMGB1 rs1045411 polymorphism and cancer risk. Ten relevant studies were subjected to our analysis, and pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. In total, of 3,918 cases and 5,296 controls were included in this study. The pooled ORs were calculated using a random-effects or fixed-effects model according to the heterogeneity. The pooled results revealed that TT genotype was significantly related to increased cancer risk in the comparisons of TT vs. CC+TC (OR=1.35; 95% CI: 1.09-1.67; p=0.005). Though no statistical significance was achieved between HMGB1 rs1045411 polymorphism and cancer risk in other four genetic models (T vs. C: OR=1.08, 95% CI 0.90-1.30; TC vs. CC: OR=1.01, 95% CI 0.82-1.24; CC vs. TC+TT: OR=0.95, 95% CI 0.77-1.18; TT vs. CC: OR=1.42; 95% CI 0.98-2.05), a trend of increased risk could be drawn. In the subgroup analysis by type of malignancy and ethnicity, no obvious difference was found in the tumour risk regarding the HMGB1 rs1045411 polymorphism amongst the cancer types except for breast cancer (OR=1.94; 95% CI: 1.05-3.59; p=0.03) and hepatocellular carcinoma (OR=1.82; 95% CI: 1.15-2.88; p=0.01), while rs1045411 polymorphism was positively associated with risks of cancer amongst Hans (OR=1.37; 95% CI: 1.11-1.69; p=0.004) rather than Caucasians (OR=0.89; 95% CI: 0.26-3.02; p=0.01). These results suggest that the HMGB1 rs1045411 polymorphism might be associated with increased cancer risk.