催化性抗氧化剂AEOL-10150对氮芥诱导小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的： 探讨催化性抗氧化剂AEOL-10150对氮芥诱导小鼠肝损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法： 实验对象为C57BL/6小鼠,采用腹腔单次注射盐酸氮芥（2 mg/kg）构建急性肝损伤模型,染毒后0.5和6 h分别给予AEOL-10150（5 mg/kg）进行治疗干预,染毒3 d后处死小鼠,收集眼球血液和肝组织,观察肝组织大体改变和HE染色后进行组织病理学检测;检测血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）活性,肝组织活性氧（ROS）水平、丙二醛（MDA）含量和还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量,肝组织氧化还原调控分子Nrf-2的mRNA表达水平,肝组织髓过氧化物酶（MPO）活性,血清炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β含量。结果： 2 mg/kg的氮芥单次腹腔注射3 d后可以成功诱导小鼠肝组织氧化损伤和炎症反应。与氮芥染毒组小鼠相比,AEOL-10150治疗组动物肝组织病理损伤程度减轻,血清ALT和AST活性降低,同时肝组织ROS水平和MDA含量显著减少,伴有GSH含量增加和Nrf-2的mRNA和蛋白表达水平降低（均为P<0.05）。此外,AEOL-10150治疗组小鼠的肝组织MPO活性及血清TNF-α、IL-1β浓度较氮芥染毒组显著降低（均为P<0.05）。结论： AEOL-10150能够有效减轻氮芥诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤,其机制可能与直接抗氧化作用及抗炎效应有关。     

电离辐射与生物组织作用的径迹结构研究方法

分析了电离辐射与人体组织相互作用的微观物理机制,确定了电离辐射微剂量学在研究辐射生物效应过程中的重要地位,指出径迹结构研究方法用于计算电离辐射粒子在人体组织中能量沉积时的可行性,并利用程序ESLOW3.1和MOCA15进行了相关物理参数的精确计算工作。     

硼中子俘获治疗技术的研究现状

对硼中子俘获治疗技术的原理、硼中子俘获治疗系统需要研究的相关内容及研究现状作了主要介绍;对加速器或反应堆产生超热中子束的方法及与硼中子俘获治疗相关的硼化合物作了较详细的讨论。     

Fe3O4 hard templating to assemble highly wrinkled graphene sheets into hierarchical porous film for compact capacitive energy storage

Highly wrinkled graphene film (HWGF) with high packing density was synthesized by combining an electrostatically self-assembling process, a vacuum filtration-induced film assembling process and capillary compression. Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were used as a low-cost and environment-friendly hard template. Hierarchical porosity and high packing density were achieved with the aid of capillary compression in the presence of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. This strategy enables integration of highly wrinkled graphene sheets to form highly compact carbon electrodes with a continuous ion transport network. The generated HWGF exhibited a high packing density of 1.53 g cm⁻³, a high specific surface area of 383 m² g⁻¹ and a hierarchically porous structure. The HWGF delivered a high capacitance of 242 F g⁻¹ and 370 F cm⁻³ at 0.2 A g⁻¹ in 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte system with excellent rate capability (202 F g⁻¹ and 309 F cm⁻³ retained at 20 A g⁻¹). The capacity retention rate reached 97% after 10 000 cycles at 1 A g⁻¹. The HWGF-based supercapacitor exhibited a high energy density of 17 W h kg⁻¹ at the power density of 49 W kg⁻¹. Such high capacitive performances could be attributed to the highly dense but porous graphene assemblies composed of highly wrinkled graphene sheets.

A facile strategy was reported to synthesize highly wrinkled graphene film, exhibiting high packing density and excellent capacitive performance.     

Effects of polyethylene terephthalate microplastic on germination,biochemistry and phytotoxicity of Cicer arietinum L. and cytotoxicity study on Allium cepa L

Accumulation of plastic materials in terrestrial systems threatens to contaminate food chains. The aim of the current study is to determine the impact of microplastics synthesized from PET plastics (control, 50, 250, 500, 750, 1000 mg/L) with respect to morphological, biochemical impact on Cicer arietinum using standardized 72 h assay and cytotoxicity study on Allium cepa root tips. The synthesized microplastics were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies. Germination studies clearly revealed that there is a sharp decrease in germination with increasing the concentration of microplastics. Both pigment and carbohydrate levels increased up to 500 mg/L concentration, although protein levels increased with increase of microplastic dose. Catalase activity also increased with increasing microplastic concentration. Finally, cytotoxicity studies revealed significant chromosomal aberration at higher dose of microplastics. Therefore, it may be concluded that the microplastics have significant biological and structural adverse effects on plant metabolism.     

Cognitive deficits due to thermal stress: An exploratory study on soldiers in deserts

BackgroundIt is well known that environmental factors play an important role in human performance. High temperature and humidity particularly impair mental performance by altering brain neurochemistry and electrolyte disturbance which in turn affect one's overall efficiency. While the physiological responses to environmental heat have been well established, it is less clear about its impact on cognition. Study aims to investigate the impact of thermal strain on cognition.MethodsOne hundred (100) healthy soldiers aged between 20 and 30 years who had spent minimum of one year in desert conditions prior to their induction in the study formed sample of the study. The subjects were evaluated on memory and on cognitive functions twice i.e. in the month of February and June. The data so generated was analyzed by appropriate statistical methods.ResultsThe mean age of the subjects were 25.8 yrs. There was a significant decline in cognitive performance in hot climate as compared to normal weather on Post graduate Institute (PGI) memory scale (P < 0.05). The effect was more marked for tests requiring sustained attention, concentration, psychomotor performance, verbal memory and tests of executive function.ConclusionThe present study is the first study to be conducted in actual desert conditions. Findings revealed a detrimental impact of thermal stress on the cognitive performance of soldiers in deserts.     

依那普利联合螺内酯治疗慢性心衰安全性观察

目的探讨依那普利联合螺内酯治疗慢性心衰的安全性。方法68例慢性心衰患者在常规抗心衰治疗的基础上随机分为两组（A组和B组）。A组患者不加用螺内酯。B组加用螺内酯40～120mg／d口服。随访6个月，监测血钾、钠、氯、肌酐、尿素氮、丙氨酸氨基转移酶水平。结果治疗前后A组和B组患者各项指标差异无统计学意义。两组患者治疗6个月无肿瘤发生，男性患者无乳腺发育，无肝、肾功能损害。结论依那普利联合螺内酯治疗慢性心衰是安全的。     

神经性毒剂损伤防治药物研究进展

在现代化学战和恐怖袭击中,有机磷神经性毒剂（nerveents,NA）是使用最多、毒性最强、杀伤力最大的化学战剂。NA中毒的预防与救治始终是国内外防化医学研究的重点。目前不同作用机制的预防和治疗NA中毒的药物具有良好的应用前景,该文综述了NA损伤预防与救治药物的研究进展。     

福建金线莲与菌根真菌互作过程中的蛋白质组研究

目的:通过蛋白质组差异研究菌根真菌促进植物生长的机制.方法:采用蛋白质双向电泳结合MALDI-TOF/TOF质谱方法研究了接种瘤菌根菌属Epulorhiza sp.的福建金线莲的蛋白组.结果:MALDI-TOF/TOF质谱分析了27个差异蛋白点,在数据库中以绿色植物为检索范围,确定了22个差异蛋白,功能大多涉及植物的信号传导、代谢调节等,光合作用及物质代谢中的功能蛋白及酶类等也有涉及.结论:菌根真菌通过影响植物的调控系统作用于植物,积极的调控使得植物物质代谢、光合作用等增强,进而表现出植株健壮、抗性增强;研究还表明植物与菌根真菌互作时可能发生某些基因的沉默.