经济全球化背景下我国连锁药店的发展趋势探讨

目的探讨经济全球化背景下我国连锁药店的发展趋势。方法结合我国医药零售连锁业发展现状,分析其全球化发展前景。结果我国医药连锁业的品牌意识有所增强,行业集中度在逐步加大;增长速度快,跨区域经营和外资兼并将成为热点;医药生产企业纷纷向产业链下游延伸,建立连锁药店掌控销售终端。结论我国药店零售市场规模将仍保持快速增长;集约化和多元化经营将成为其发展趋势;外资进入和行业集中度的继续提高是大势所趋。     

某高校女大学生常见妇科疾病725例分析

了解女大学生常见妇科疾病的发生情况及相关影响因素,为女大学生生殖健康保健服务和妇科病防治提供科学依据。对2013年1—12月某高校妇科门诊就诊725例女大学生进行妇科疾病调查分析。月经病占56.28%,妇科炎症占30.21%。其月经病与内外环境变化密切相关,妇科炎症与婚前性行为密切相关。月经病和妇科炎症是影响女大学生生殖健康的主要妇科疾病,内外环境变化和婚前性行为是引起女大学生常见妇科疾病的重要因素,应重点关注。高校应重视女大学生生殖健康教育,加强健康指导,积极采取预防措施和治疗手段,预防和减少妇科病发生,提高女大学生的生殖健康水平。     

乡镇医疗卫生服务均等化及供给效率——基于湖北省982个乡镇数据的实证分析

良好的医疗卫生服务是居民健康的重要保障,而医疗卫生服务的均等化和高效供给是良好医疗卫生服务的基本内容。对湖北省982个乡镇医疗卫生服务现状的实证考察发现,各乡镇都有卫生站(所)和卫生人员,但乡镇间差距明显,均等度有待提高;医疗卫生服务供给效率整体比较低,还有巨大的提升空间;乡镇管辖村数增多、辖区人口的增加有助于医疗卫生服务效率的改善,而农业人口比重的提高则会降低医疗卫生服务供给效率,推进"撤乡并镇"和农民的非农化对促进医疗卫生服务供给效率的增进具有积极价值。     

Role of mathematical models in assessment of risk and in attempts to define management strategy

Risk assessment of food-borne carcinogens is becoming a common practice at FDA. Actual risk is not being estimated, only the upper limit of risk. The risk assessment process involves a large number of steps and assumptions, many of which affect the numerical value estimated. The mathematical model which is to be applied is only one of the factors which affect these numerical values. To fulfill the policy objective of using the “worst plausible case” in estimating the upper limit of risk, recognition needs to be given to a proper balancing of assumptions and decisions. Interaction between risk assessors and risk managers should avoid making or giving the appearance of making specific technical decisions such as the choice of the mathematical model. The importance of this emerging field is too great to jeopardize it by inappropriately mixing scientific judgments with policy judgments. The risk manager should understand fully the points and range of uncertainty involved in arriving at the estimates of risk which must necessarily affect the choice of the policy or regulatory options available.     

A review of attentional bias modification trainings for depression

Negative attentional bias is a basic character of depression. The attentional bias modification training (ABMT), being a highly promising and easy-to-use depression intervention technique, has attracted much attention to alleviate depressive symptoms in recent years. However, the effectiveness of ABMT programs was mixed across studies, since it remained unclear the underlying mechanisms of ABMT on alleviating depressive symptoms. We systematically analyzed the main ABMT paradigms to clarify possible mechanisms of effective training and reasons of ineffective training. Valid ABMT programs might alleviate depressive symptoms through regulating self-related rumination or two subcomponents of attentional bias: facilitated attention and impaired attentional disengagement. The reasons for the invalidity of ABMT mainly included the suboptimal design of training procedures, mixed effects of participants' personal characteristics, and the unclear relationship between attentional bias and depression. The ABMT is promising for alleviating depressive symptoms, but training procedures are required to be improved to obtain stable training effects.     

我国城镇居民病伤治疗措施选择的影响因素分析：来自我国9城市的微观证据

文章利用国务院城镇居民基本医疗保险试点评估入户调查数据,对我国城镇居民患伤病时如何处理,以及影响处理措施选择的因素进行了分析。研究发现我国城镇居民两周内最近一次伤病有约64.8%的人选择不到医疗机构看病,其中还有约6.0%的人选择不采取任何措施。人体特征、社会经济状况、居民健康状况以及此次伤病的急慢性程度和严重程度都显著影响居民在治疗措施上的选择。其中医疗保险主要对慢性病患者选择治疗措施有显著影响。