火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定匹伐他汀钙中钙含量

目的：建立了火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定匹伐他汀钙中钙含量。方法：采用钙空心阴极灯，检测波长422．7nm，狭缝宽0．7H，灯电流10mA。结果：钙元素浓度在0．00～20．00mg·L^-1范围内，浓度与吸光度相关性良好，r=0．9999，精密度RSD为0．3％，平均回收率为101．6％。结论：该方法操作简便、专属性强，可以为同类药物的馈量控制提供参考。     

两种尼扎替丁制剂的生物等效性研究

 目的建立测定血浆中尼扎替丁浓度的HPLC,并应用此方法研究国产尼扎替丁片和国产尼扎替丁胶囊的生物等效性。方法采用随机双周期两制剂交叉试验设计,用建立的HPLC对20名健康受试者po 300mg尼扎替丁片(受试制剂)和300mg尼扎替丁胶囊(参比制剂)后12h内多点抽取静脉血进行血药浓度检测。计算主要动力学参数,并评价2种制剂的生物等效性。ρ_max和AUC_0-t,AUC_0-inf采用方差分析和双单侧t检验,t_max进行秩和检验。结果受试制剂和参比制剂中尼扎替丁的达峰时间t_max分别为(2.05±0.32)和(2.00±0.32)h,最大血药浓度ρ_max分别为(2.04±0.63)和(1.97±0.69)mg·L^-1,用梯形法计算,血药浓度-时间曲线下面积AUC_0-12分别为(7.50±1.49)和(7.23±1.52)mg·h·L^-1,AUC_0-inf分别为(8.31±1.70)和(8.01±1.67)mg·h·L^-1。结论以AUC_0-12计算,与参比制剂相比,受试制剂的相对生物利用度为(104.4±11.1)%。受试制剂与参比制剂卫欣比较,经检验AUC_0-12,ρ_max和t_max均符合生物等效性要求,结果表明,2种制剂生物等效。     

新生化冲剂的主要药效学研究

目的研究新生化冲剂的主要药效作用.方法采用灌胃给药,以生理盐水作为阴性对照组,生化汤丸作为阳性对照组,观察新生化冲剂高剂量、中剂量、低剂量对雌激素引起的小鼠子宫增重的作用、对醋酸引起扭体反应的作用及对小鼠单核吞噬细胞吞噬功能的影响.结果新生化冲剂高,中剂量与生理盐水组比较具有显著抑制己烯雌酚促进性成熟小鼠子宫增重作用(P＜0.01)、提高小鼠单核吞噬细胞吞噬功能(P＜0.01),新生化冲剂高剂量与生理盐水组比较具有抑制醋酸引起扭体反应的次数(P＜0.05).结论新生化冲剂能抑制己烯雌酚增重子宫的作用,并具有镇痛及提高机体免疫功能的作用.     

藏药雪莲花与天山雪莲抗炎活性的比较

比较西藏雪莲花、天山雪莲经超临界CO2萃取所得浸膏对实验性致炎小鼠的抗炎活性,结果表明：西藏雪莲浸膏的抗炎活性优于天山雪莲浸膏。     

不同色谱柱和GPC软件对灰树花倍他葡聚糖相对分子质量测定的影响

目的:考察不同的色谱柱和 GPC 软件对灰树花倍他葡聚糖相对分子质量(M_r)测定的影响。方法:分别采用 TSKG4000PW_(XL)和 Shodex OHpak SB-804HQ 色谱柱按高效凝胶渗透色谱法对灰树花倍他葡聚糖的 M_r 进行测定,再分别采用安捷伦公司、岛津公司、龙智达公司和千谱公司的 GPC 专用软件进行计算,并对各 M_r 计算结果进行比较。结果:采用 TSKG4000PW_(XL)和 Shodex OHpak SB-804HQ 色谱柱测定灰树花倍他葡聚糖的 M_r 结果有明显差异,其重均相对分子质量(M_w)相差>10%,峰位相对分子质量(M_p)相差>20%,但 M_r 的分布宽度(D)无明显差异;采用4种不同公司的 GPC 软件进行计算的M_r 结果相差较小,其相对偏差<3%。结论:不同的色谱柱对灰树花倍他葡聚糖 M_r 的测定结果有明显影响,但不同 GPC 软件对 M_r 的测定结果影响较小。     

Topical becaplermin improves outcomes in work related fingertip injuries

BACKGROUND: Fingertip injuries are common and bear significant costs associated with treatment, lost work, and functional impairment. This study compared these factors in occupationally related fingertip injuries treated with becaplermin, a recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor, and those treated with surgical reconstruction. METHODS: This was a prospective controlled trial involving occupationally related fingertip injuries. Fifty men (ages 23-51) with full thickness, single fingertip injuries > or =1.5 cm(2) with or without phalangeal exposure and distal to the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint were evaluated. Group I (n = 25) underwent treatment with daily topical becaplermin. Group II (n = 25) underwent surgical reconstruction with a skin graft or local soft tissue flap. Time to wound healing, time to return to work, associated treatment costs, and calculated functional impairment were recorded. RESULTS: Patients in Group I returned to work in significantly less time than those in Group II-10 days versus 38 days respectively). The average calculated functional impairment in Group I was 10% versus 22% in Group II. Associated treatment costs in group A were 1580 +/- 145 US Dollars compared with 6750 +/- 785 US Dollars in Group II. All differences were statistically significant at p < 0.05 CONCLUSION: In this study, the functional and economic costs were significantly less when fingertip injuries were treated with topical becaplermin than when they were treated with surgical reconstruction. This information should allow emergency and acute care physicians to treat these injuries more efficaciously and conveniently.     

The effects of breath-holding on vocal fold adduction: implications for safe swallowing

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects, if any, of 3 different breath-holding techniques on a person's ability to attain vocal fold closure (VFC) to successfully complete swallowing maneuvers. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized study. SETTING: Private practice. PATIENTS: A total of 150 healthy volunteers recruited from private practice patients and community volunteers.Intervention Group 1 received the easy breath-hold instruction; group 2 received the inhale/easy breath-hold instruction; and group 3 received the hard breath-hold instruction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Closure of true and false vocal folds following the breath-hold instruction. RESULTS: In the easy breath-hold group, true VFC occurred in 82% of the subjects, and closure of both the true and false vocal folds occurred in 30%. In the inhale/easy breath-hold group, true VFC occurred in 62%, and closure of both folds occurred in 46%. In the hard breath-hold group, true VFC occurred in 86%, and closure of both folds occurred in 64%. The differences among the 3 groups were significant for true VFC (chi2=9.242; P=.01) and for closure of both folds (chi2=11.625; P=.003). CONCLUSIONS: The hard breath-hold instruction was the most effective method to attain full laryngeal closure, and the inhale/easy breath-hold instruction was the least effective method to attain true VFC for safe swallowing.     

Structure-activity relationship study and drug profile of N-(4-fluorophenylsulfonyl)-L-valyl-L-leucinal (SJA6017) as a potent calpain inhibitor

Novel N-arylsulfonyldipeptidyl aldehyde derivatives were prepared by DMSO oxidation from the corresponding dipeptide alcohol, and their potencies as calpain inhibitors were evaluated in vitro. Among them, N-(4-fluorophenylsulfonyl)-l-valyl-l-leucinal (8, SJA6017) potently inhibited calpains. 8 also inhibited cathepsin B and L but did not inhibit other cysteine proteases (interleukin 1beta-converting enzyme), serine proteases (trypsin, chymotrypsin, thrombin, factor VIIa, factor Xa), or proteasome. Preliminary cytotoxicity studies of 8 exhibited a relatively safe profile.     

p57^KiP2和Cyclin A在喉癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的研究细胞周期素依赖性激酶抑制因子p57^KiP2和细胞周期素A（CyclinA）在喉癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法40例喉癌、20例声带不典型增生、20例正常喉组织切缘标本,免疫组化S-P法检测p57^KiP2和CyclinA的表达活性,比较分析其临床意义。结果在喉癌组织中,p57^KiP2阳性表达率42.5%,显著低于癌旁正常喉黏膜与不典型增生喉黏膜（P〈0.05）,并与喉癌组织的分化程度和淋巴结转移特性相关（P〈0.05）;CyclinA阳性表达率55.0%,明显高于癌旁正常喉黏膜与不典型增生喉黏膜（P〈0.05）,并与喉癌组织的分化程度和淋巴结转移特性相关（P〈0.05）。p57^KiP2与CyclinA的表达活性呈负相关（P〈0.01）。结论p57^KiP2的低表达及CyclinA高表达在喉癌的发生、发展过程中可能发挥重要作用,其表达水平与喉癌的分化程度、淋巴结转移与否及预后密切相关,是判断喉癌恶性程度与淋巴结转移特性的重要参考指标。