心脏介入术后切口渗血的原因分析及护理对策

目的 探讨心脏介入治疗术后切口渗血的原因及对策.方法 选择我院2013年1月～2014年1月住院治疗的20例心脏介入治疗后切口渗血的患者,分析入选病例心脏介入治疗术后切口渗血原因,并制定相应的护理对策.结果 本次未完善术前准备引发切口渗血10例,占50％;术中操作问题引发3例,占15％;术后处理不当引发6例,占30％;其他1例,占5％.经精心护理和积极治疗后无痊愈.与干预前比较,干预后护理满意度及知识知晓率明显提高（P＜0.05）.结论 分析心脏介入治疗后切口渗血的原因,并制定针对性防治对策,同时辅以心理干预和健康宣教等整体护理,可使不良事件得到有效控制,提高患者知识掌握率,改善护理水平,对保障预后有非常重要的意义.     

脂肪来源干细胞在医美修复重建领域的研究及应用进展

随着骨髓间充质干细胞在临床中的广泛应用，其存在的缺陷严重影响了修复效果。脂肪来源干细胞(ADSCs)是由间充质细胞分化而来，与骨髓间充质干细胞相似，且能够有效地弥补其在临床治疗中的缺陷，因此获得了人们的广泛关注。脂肪来源干细胞在医美修复重建领域具有重要意义。本文旨在分析脂肪来源干细胞在医美修复重建领域的研究及应用效果。     

Validation of SmartRank: A likelihood ratio software for searching national DNA databases with complex DNA profiles

Searching a national DNA database with complex and incomplete profiles usually yields very large numbers of possible matches that can present many candidate suspects to be further investigated by the forensic scientist and/or police. Current practice in most forensic laboratories consists of ordering these ‘hits’ based on the number of matching alleles with the searched profile. Thus, candidate profiles that share the same number of matching alleles are not differentiated and due to the lack of other ranking criteria for the candidate list it may be difficult to discern a true match from the false positives or notice that all candidates are in fact false positives. SmartRank was developed to put forward only relevant candidates and rank them accordingly. The SmartRank software computes a likelihood ratio (LR) for the searched profile and each profile in the DNA database and ranks database entries above a defined LR threshold according to the calculated LR. In this study, we examined for mixed DNA profiles of variable complexity whether the true donors are retrieved, what the number of false positives above an LR threshold is and the ranking position of the true donors. Using 343 mixed DNA profiles over 750 SmartRank searches were performed. In addition, the performance of SmartRank and CODIS were compared regarding DNA database searches and SmartRank was found complementary to CODIS. We also describe the applicable domain of SmartRank and provide guidelines. The SmartRank software is open-source and freely available. Using the best practice guidelines, SmartRank enables obtaining investigative leads in criminal cases lacking a suspect.     

规范化应用“双低”扫描CT血管成像

随着对CT辐射剂量及对比剂肾病认识的不断重视,近年来"双低"CTA扫描技术被逐步应用并成为研究热点。"双低"CTA技术旨在保证影像质量满足诊断需求的前提下,降低受检者X线辐射剂量和碘摄入量。本文针对"双低"概念的提出、基本原理、扫描技术规范和临床应用现状进行综述。     

基于物质流分析的丹红注射液制药过程质量控制研究

[目的] 通过研究丹红注射液生产过程的中间工序物料化学成分分析数据和紫外光谱分析数据,阐明生产过程中各成分的含量变化与转移规律,辨析关键生产工序和关键质控指标,建立各个工序的质量监测模型以保障丹红注射液质量一致性。[方法] 收集丹红工业生产数据32个批次7个工序中间产品物料,以高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定9个主要化学成分含量,并同时采集紫外光谱数据。通过分析各化学成分的相对标准偏差,确定各个成分含量的批次间一致性。通过各个化学成分在每个工序中的收率与物料衡算分析,确定各工序对成分变化的影响及相应的变化原因。以主成分得分、Hotelling-T2、DModX等指标,建立并比较了丹红注射液各工序的基于HPLC数据和紫外光谱数据的质量监测模型。[结果] 丹红注射液主要化学成分在各个工序中均具有较好的批次间质量一致性,RSD均在10%以内。物料衡算结果显示丹酚酸A存在化学转化,其他成分以物理转移为主。以HPLC和UV光谱数据建立了丹红注射液各工序的生产监测模型。[结论] 丹红注射液制药过程物质流分析可以明确药效物质的含量变化与转移规律,辨析关键生产工序和关键质控指标,并以此建立质量监测模型。     

瘦素促进低氧状态下大鼠气道平滑肌细胞增殖及HIF-1α、NF-κB表达

目的研究瘦素对低氧状态下大鼠气道平滑肌细胞(ASMC)增殖及缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)、核因子-κB(NF-κB)表达的影响。方法分常氧、低氧2种状态体外培养大鼠ASMC,按随机数字表法将低氧组细胞分为低氧组、50μg/L瘦素联合低氧组(L50组)、100μg/L瘦素联合低氧组(L100组)、200μg/L瘦素联合低氧组(L200组)、200μg/L瘦素联合低氧和瘦素受体抗体组(ob-R抗体组)。各组均孵育24 h,CCK-8法检测细胞增殖率,反转录PCR检测HIF-1α、NF-κB的mRNA的表达,Western blot法检测HIF-1α、NF-κB的蛋白表达。结果与常氧组相比,各低氧组细胞增殖活性明显增强;与低氧组相比,L50、L100、L200组细胞增殖活性增强,并与浓度呈正相关(r=0.992);与L50、L100、L200组相比,ob-R抗体组细胞增殖明显降低。与常氧组相比,各低氧组HIF-1α、NF-κB的mRNA及蛋白表达增加;与低氧组相比,L50、L100、L200组HIF-1α、NF-κB的mRNA及蛋白表达增加,并与浓度呈正相关;与L50、L100、L200组相比,ob-R抗体组HIF-1α、NF-κB的mRNA及蛋白表达降低。结论瘦素能促进低氧状态下ASMC增殖,并且能够促进HIF-1α、NF-κB的表达。     

High voltage,solvent-free solid polymer electrolyte based on a star-comb PDLLA–PEG copolymer for lithium ion batteries

In this work, a novel star-comb copolymer based on poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) macromonomer and poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) was prepared, and the electrochemical properties were studied, with the aim of using it as a solid polymer electrolyte in lithium ion batteries. The six-arm vinyl functionalized PDLLA macromonomer was synthesized by a ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of d,l-lactide and subsequently an acylation of the hydroxy end-groups. A series of free-standing solid polymer electrolyte membranes from different ratios of PDLLA, PEGMA and LiTFSI were prepared through solvent-free free radical polymerization under UV radiation. The chemical structure of the obtained polymers was confirmed by ¹H NMR and FTIR. The as-prepared six-arm star-comb solid polymer electrolytes (PDLLA-SPEs) exhibit good thermal stability with T_d^5%s of ∼270 °C and low T_gs of −48 to −34 °C. The electrochemical characterization shows that the PDLLA-SPEs possess a wide electrochemical window up to 5.1 V with an optimal ionic conductivity of 9.7 × 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹ at 60 °C at an EO/Li⁺ ratio of 16 : 1. Furthermore, the all-solid-state LiFePO₄/Li cells display extraordinary cycling and rate performances at 60 °C by curing the PDLLA-SPEs directly on the cathode. These superior properties of the six-arm star-comb PDLLA-SPE make it a promising candidate solid electrolyte for lithium batteries.

In this work, a novel star-comb copolymer based on PDLLA macromonomer and PEGMA was prepared, and the electrochemical properties were studied, with the aim of using it as a solid polymer electrolyte in lithium ion batteries.     

Vaxvec: The first web-based recombinant vaccine vector database and its data analysis

A recombinant vector vaccine uses an attenuated virus, bacterium, or parasite as the carrier to express a heterologous antigen(s). Many recombinant vaccine vectors and related vaccines have been developed and extensively investigated. To compare and better understand recombinant vectors and vaccines, we have generated Vaxvec (http://www.violinet.org/vaxvec), the first web-based database that stores various recombinant vaccine vectors and those experimentally verified vaccines that use these vectors. Vaxvec has now included 59 vaccine vectors that have been used in 196 recombinant vector vaccines against 66 pathogens and cancers. These vectors are classified to 41 viral vectors, 15 bacterial vectors, 1 parasitic vector, and 1 fungal vector. The most commonly used viral vaccine vectors are double-stranded DNA viruses, including herpesviruses, adenoviruses, and poxviruses. For example, Vaxvec includes 63 poxvirus-based recombinant vaccines for over 20 pathogens and cancers. Vaxvec collects 30 recombinant vector influenza vaccines that use 17 recombinant vectors and were experimentally tested in 7 animal models. In addition, over 60 protective antigens used in recombinant vector vaccines are annotated and analyzed. User-friendly web-interfaces are available for querying various data in Vaxvec. To support data exchange, the information of vaccine vectors, vaccines, and related information is stored in the Vaccine Ontology (VO). Vaxvec is a timely and vital source of vaccine vector database and facilitates efficient vaccine vector research and development.