Gamma linolenic acid inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and paxillin and tumour cell matrix interaction

Gamma linolenic acid (GLA) is an anti-cancer agent recently reported to inhibit tumour cell-matrix attachment. This study examined the effects of GLA on the adhesion of two tumour cell lines, HT115 (human colon) and MDA MB 231 (human breast), to an extracellular matrix, Matrigel. The action of GLA on focal adhesion kinase(FAK) and paxillin was also investigated. Following cell adhesion to Matrigel in control experiments, both FAK and paxillin were quickly tyrosine phosphorylated and become concentrated at focal adhesion areas. Inclusion of GLA resulted in an inhibition of the tyrosine phosphorylation of both FAK and paxillin leading to a reduced attachment of both cell types to Matrigel. FAK and paxillin were also less well distributed in the focal adhesions compared with the controls. It is concluded, therefore, that GLA inhibits tumour-matrix adhesion via the inhibition of FAK and paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation.     

Inhibition of membrane ruffling and ezrin translocation by gamma linolenic acid

Membrane ruffling of a tumour cell is correlated with its motile and metastatic behaviour. This study examined the effect of gamma linolenic acid (GLA), an anti-cancer agent, on HGF/SF induced membrane ruffling in the human cancer cell line, HT115. HGF induced a rapid appearance of membrane ruffling which was related to increased motility and the tyrosine phosphorylation and translocation of ezrin, a membrane-cytoskeleton linker protein. The presence of GLA significantly inhibited both the membrane ruffling and cell motility of the tumour cells, at sub-toxic concentrations. Western blotting revealed that the tyrosine phosphorylation of ezrin was inhibited by GLA. The translocation ezrin from cytosol and generalised areas of cell membrane to ruffled areas of the membrane induced by HGF/SF was also inhibited as shown by both indirect immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. It is concluded that GLA inhibits HGF/SF induced membrane ruffling via its effect on ezrin, and this provides a further molecular explanation for the anti-tumour action of GLA.     

小儿夜间遗尿症的药物治疗

遗尿症（enuresis）指小儿已达到应自主控制排尿的年龄．但仍不能自主随意排尿。“遗尿”在临床上多指此年龄后小儿夜间不能从睡眠中醒来而发生无意识的排尿，即夜间遗尿症。俗称尿床（bed wetting）。遗尿症的诊断标准不一。美国精神心理学会《诊断与统计手册》的标准（DSM-Ⅳ）指5岁或5岁以上小儿，每周至少2夜尿床．并持续3个月。     

Defining Obtrusiveness in Home Telehealth Technologies: A Conceptual Framework

The literature of home telehealth technology recommends that systems be designed to minimize their obtrusiveness to end users. However, this term is neither explicitly defined nor consistently used. This paper presents a definition of the concept of obtrusiveness. Within this definition, twenty-two categories of what may be perceived as obtrusive in home telehealth technology are proposed based on a review of the literature. These categories are grouped into eight dimensions. This effort represents an initial step toward developing measures of obtrusiveness associated with home telehealth technology. A validated and reliable instrument would allow for evaluation of individual applications as well as theory-building across applications.     

RP-HPLC测定益脉康片中野黄芩苷的含量

用RP-HPLC法测定益脉康片中野黄芩苷的含量.采用Kromasil C18 色谱柱,乙腈-四氢呋喃-1%冰醋酸溶液(8:15:77)为流动相,检测波长335nm.野黄芩苷在0.1635～0.8176μg范围内呈良好的线性关系,γ＝0.9999,平均回收率为98.58%(n=5),RSD=1.80%.本法操作简便、快速、准确,可用于益脉康片的质量控制.     

喷雾干燥对干扰素α-2b稳定性的影响

 目的研究不同方法来提高蛋白质在喷雾干燥过程中的稳定性。方法以干扰素α-2b为模型药,分别考察喷雾干燥条件、pH值及缓冲体系、赋形剂及添加剂对干扰素α-2b活性的影响。结果在雾化气体流速约575 L·h^-1、进口温度110℃的喷雾干燥条件下,利用大豆卵磷脂、十二烷基硫酸钠、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟丙基β-环糊精、L-赖氨酸为添加剂,干扰素α-2b的活性损失较小。结论干扰素α-2b在喷雾干燥过程中的稳定性可以通过工艺及处方因素得到提高。     

复合氨基酸胶囊中水溶性维生素的含量测定

目的:建立复合氨基酸胶囊中5种水溶性维生素的含量测定方法.方法:采用高效液相色谱法,用乙腈与庚烷磺酸钠-磷酸钠的水溶液(pH=3.0)为流动相,流速1.0ml·min-1,色谱柱为C18(4.6×250mm,5μm),柱温40℃,检测波长为280nm,进样量为20μl.结果:维生素Bl、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素C和烟酰胺分别在24.7～75.2μg·ml-1、15.0～44.9μg·ml-1、12.2～37.5μg·ml-1、99.2～299.9μg·ml-1和100.3～300.9μg·ml-1范围内呈线性关系,相关系数均为1.000,平均回收率均在100%±2%范围以内.RSD分别为0.19%、0.26%、0.46%、1.17%和0.52%.结论:本方法准确,简便,快捷,可以同时测定复合氨基酸胶囊中维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素C和烟酰胺的含量.     

六神丸HPLC-UV/ELSD指纹图谱研究

目的?建立六神丸的HPLC-UV/ELSD指纹图谱分析方法,对六神丸中主要特征峰进行归属并进行指认。方法?采用HPLC法,色谱柱为Kromasil C₁₈（250?mm×4.6?mm,5?μm）;乙腈-0.05%三氟乙酸水溶液作为流动相,进行梯度洗脱;紫外检测器（UV）参数:检测波长为296?nm;蒸发光散射检测器（ELSD）参数:漂移管温度为70?℃,喷雾器为冷却模式,氮气压力为25?psi;进样量20?μL;体积流量为1?mL/min。通过《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统（2012版）》,建立14批六神丸指纹图谱的共有模式,计算其相似度,并对共有峰进行药材的归属以及成分进行指认。结果?分别建立了六神丸HPLC-UV及HPLC-ELSD的指纹图谱,及其共有模式,指认出HPLC-UV指纹图谱共有峰14个,14批六神丸制剂相似度为0.940～0.988,指认出HPLC-ELSD指纹图谱共有峰13个,14批六神丸制剂相似度为0.968～0.998。确认了和蟾蜍他灵、沙蟾毒精、远华蟾毒精、蟾毒它灵、华蟾毒它灵、蟾毒灵、胆酸、鹅去氧胆酸、去氧胆酸。结论?首次建立了六神丸HPLC-UV/ELSD指纹图谱分析方法,该法操作准确、简单,重复性好、精密度高,可用于分析六神丸中化学成分信息,为六神丸质量控制提供了可靠的科学依据。      

Biocompatibility evaluation of dicalcium phosphate/calcium sulfate/poly (amino acid) composite for orthopedic tissue engineering in vitro and in vivo

In vitro cytocompatibility of ternary biocomposite of dicalcium phosphate (DCP) and calcium sulfate (CS) containing 40 wt% poly (amino acid) (PAA) was evaluated using L929 ?broblasts and MG-63 osteoblast-like cells. Thereafter, the biocompatibility of biocomposite in vivo was investigated using an implantation in muscle and bone model. In vitro L929 and MG-63 cell culture experiments showed that the composite and PAA polymer were noncytotoxic and allowed cells to adhere and proliferate. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) confirmed that two kinds of cells maintained their phenotype on all of samples surfaces. Moreover, the DCP/CS/PAA composite showed higher cellular viability than that of PAA; meanwhile, the cell proliferation and ALP activity were much higher when DCP/CS had added into PAA. After implanted in muscle of rabbits for 12 weeks, the histological evaluation indicated that the composite exhibited excellent biocompatibility and no inflammatory responses were found. When implanted into bone defects of femoral condyle of rabbits, the composite was combined directly with the host bone tissue without fibrous capsule tissue, which shown good biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. Thus, this novel composite may have potential application in the clinical setting.