Y27632对急性视网膜缺血再灌注大鼠视网膜组织形态学的影响

研究Rho激酶抑制剂Y27632 对视网膜缺血再灌注损伤大鼠视网膜组织形态学的影响。方法：实验研究。将60只SD大鼠随机分为4组，每组15只：正常对照组（正常组）、急性缺血再灌注损伤组（IRI组）、0.9%氯化钠溶液对照组（生理盐水组）、Y27632治疗组（Y27632组）。再灌注损伤后24 h（10只）和168 h（5只）处死各组动物，行HE染色、ADP酶染色检查，光镜下观察大鼠视网膜组织病理学变化及视网膜厚度变化。数据采用单因素方差分析。结果：正常组大鼠视网膜结构清晰，三层细胞结构排列整齐。IRI组于再灌注24 h后视网膜厚度增加，内外丛状层组织疏松，视网膜节细胞、内外核层细胞水肿明显、排列紊乱，视网膜节细胞减少。168 h后，视网膜水肿消退、厚度变薄、呈萎缩状，神经节细胞及内外核层细胞数量减少，在视网膜前和神经纤维层可见毛细血管。再灌注 24 h后，IRI组视网膜厚度较正常组增加（P=0.005），Y27632组视网膜厚度低于生理盐水组（P=0.032）。再灌注168 h后，IRI组视网膜厚度低于正常组（P<0.001），Y27632组视网膜厚度较生理盐水组增加（P=0.025）。正常组大鼠视网膜血管自视乳头发出，向四周呈放射状均匀分布，毛细血管网结构清晰。再灌注24 h后，IRI组视网膜血管管径变细，走行较僵直，分支减少，视乳头周围及中周部视网膜可见大片无灌注区，无灌注区周围可见新生血管芽渐成网状。Y27632组可见视乳头周围及中周部视网膜局部无灌注区形成，无灌注区周围可见新生血管。后极部4PD无灌注区面积明显小于IRI组及生理盐水组。结论：Y27632玻璃体腔注射可以减轻视网膜缺血再灌注早期的视网膜水肿，减少视网膜神经节细胞的凋亡，减少视网膜新生血管生成，减轻再灌注晚期的视网膜萎缩，具有视神经保护作用。     

Relation between the development of osteoporosis and osteonecrosis following glucocorticoid in a rabbit model

Background:There has been a recent increase in the number of patients suffering from bone and joint diseases, as a consequence of corticosteroids administration. There are more patients treated with low dose of GCs under long-term conditions in clinical, such as effect of GCs on Rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn''s disease and Asthma patients. Hence, it was difficult for doctor to determine which problem occur first – OP or ON; however, there was no clinical report previously in the literature, and there was no effective animal model of OP and ON about low dose GCs. This study was conducted to develop rabbit models of glucocorticoid (GC)-induced femoral head ON and OP and to investigate the temporal relationship between the occurrence of the two events following administration of glucocorticoids.Results:At 4 weeks in the GC group, the BMD of the femur reduced 33% and 22% in the femoral head and shaft; there was irregular intermediate to high T2-weighted images signals; μ-CT showed microfractures and cystic changes in the femoral head and L4 at 4 weeks. At 8 weeks in the GC group, the classical “line-like sign” indicating ON of the femoral head was observed in 64.3% of the rabbits.Conclusion:A rabbit model of GC-induced OP and ON was developed by repetitive injection with small doses of GCs in the gluteal region. OP was observed at 4 weeks while ON developed at 8 weeks and followed a clear temporal pattern.     

IL-17B: A new area of study in the IL-17 family

The interleukin (IL)-17 superfamily, a relatively new family of cytokines, consists of six ligands (from IL-17A to IL-17F), which bind to five receptor subtypes (from IL-17RA to IL-17RE) and induce downstream signaling. IL-17A, a prototype member of this family, has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of allergies, autoimmune diseases, allograft transplantations, and malignancies. Unlike IL-17A, which is mainly produced by T helper 17 cells, IL-17B is widely expressed in various tissues. Recently, the biological function of IL-17B in diseases, particularly tumors, has attracted the attention of researchers. We previously reported that the expression of IL-17RB increased in gastric cancer tissues and demonstrated that IL-17B/IL-17RB signaling plays a critical role in gastric tumor progression. However, studies on IL-17B are scant. In this review, we detail the structural characteristics, expression patterns, and biological activities of IL-17B and its potential role in the pathogenesis of diseases.     

红霉素减慢离体家兔窦房结的自律性

目的 研究红霉素对离体家兔窦房结自律性的影响.方法 用细胞内微电极技术记录并观察红霉素对家兔窦房结细胞慢反应动作电位的作用.结果 红霉素可使家兔窦房结细胞自律性兴奋频率(SHR)、慢反应动作电位4期自动除极速率(SDR)和0期除极最大速率(Vmax)明显减小,且效应具有剂量依赖性.0.3mmol/L的红霉素使SHR从对...     

面向中小型医院的移动医疗信息系统构建

阐述制约移动医疗信息系统在中小型医院发展的因素,总结在中小型医院建设移动医疗信息系统的策略,分析安卓系统作为医疗信息系统开发平台的优点,在此基础上设计一个适合中小型医院的移动医疗信息系统的模型,详细介绍系统设计原则、结构、为客户端提供服务的方式等方面。     

溴化1-甲基-1-苄基-4-(((三苯基锡基)硫)硫代甲酰基)哌嗪-1-铵的活性测定

目的测定硫代甲酸盐有机锡类成盐化合物溴化1-甲基-1-苄基-4-(((三苯基锡基)硫)硫代甲酰基)哌嗪-1-铵对小鼠的半数致死量(median lethal dose,LD50)、对小鼠体液免疫功能的影响及其抗菌活性。方法急性毒性试验检测LD50,溶血素测定法测定体液免疫功能,纸片扩散法、倍比稀释法检测其抗菌活性。结果以小鼠急性死亡率为指标,测得LD50为93.7 mg/kg,可信限为(100.98±8.66)mg/kg,可信限率为8.58%,小于10%,表明实验方法准确度高,数据可靠性高;溶血素测定结果表明:与对照组相比,低、中、高3个剂量组的半数溶血值(half value of hemolysin,HC50)显著较高(P<0.01),差异有统计学意义,与阴性对照组相比,空白对照组及3个剂量组均较高(P<0.01),差异有统计学意义,表明此药有提高体液免疫的效果;抗菌活性测定结果表明此药对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和伤寒杆菌均显示抑菌作用,其中对伤寒杆菌抑制效果最好,其最低抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC值)为0.31 mg/m L。结论溴化1-甲基-1-苄基-4-(((三苯基锡基)硫)硫代甲酰基)哌嗪-1-铵为中度毒性药物,有体液免疫调节作用,且随剂量增加作用降低,对所测菌株具有抗菌活性。     

水杨醛缩氨基脲含硅有机锡化合物的合成和抑菌活性测试

目的 合成新型的含硅有机锡化合物,并进行抑菌活性测试。方法 利用4种水杨醛缩氨基脲配体与(Me₃SiCH₂)₂SnCl₂通过常温下的自组装反应合成了4种新型含硅有机锡化合物,利用红外光谱、核磁共振以及X-射线单晶衍射对所得产物的结构进行表征,通过纸片扩散法测试产物的抑菌活性。结果 在化合物1~4中,水杨醛缩氨基脲配体均呈现三齿配体形式与锡原子螯合配位,中心锡原子呈五配位的三角双锥结构。抑菌实验发现3种新合成的水杨醛缩氨基脲含硅有机锡化合物对G⁺菌包括金黄色葡萄球菌、G⁺蜡样芽孢杆菌和真菌蜡蚧轮枝孢菌显示抑菌作用。化合物3对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈为20 mm,最低抑菌浓度为25.17 mol·L^-1。此类化合物对G^-菌包括大肠杆菌、伤寒杆菌、产气肠杆菌无明显抑制作用。结论 水杨醛缩氨基脲含硅有机锡化合物对G⁺菌包括金黄色葡萄球菌及真菌蜡蚧轮枝孢菌具有一定的抑菌活性,对G^-菌无明显的抑制作用。     

Distribution of the orexin-1 receptor (OX1R) in the mouse forebrain and rostral brainstem: A characterisation of OX1R-eGFP mice

We have utilised a transgenic reporter mouse in which green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression is driven by the orexin-1 receptor (OX₁R) promoter to systematically map the distribution of OX₁R-expressing neurons throughout the mouse forebrain and rostral brainstem. GFP labelling was observed in perikarya and fibres in an extensive range of brain loci encompassing the olfactory and cerebral cortices, dorsal and ventral pallidum, hippocampus, amygdaloid regions, septal areas, thalamic nuclei, hypothalamic nuclei and several brainstem regions, consistent with previous studies of OX₁R mRNA expression. This is the first study to systematically characterise the neuroanatomical distribution of OX₁R in the OX₁R-eGFP mouse, confirming its veracity as a faithful reporter of OX₁R expression and utility for future studies assessing the role of OX₁R in more complex behaviours.     

医学教育虚拟学习社区个性化服务的实现

分析了医学教育虚拟社区的研究现状,以医学在线开放式学习平台——医学教育虚拟社区的"基础医学教学资源网"为例,从个性化学习资源和个性化学习平台两个方面入手,探讨了学习资源在虚拟学习社区内的个性化服务的实现。