Brain Natriuretic Peptide for Prevention of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention or Coronary Angiography

BackgroundMany methods reportedly prevent contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), but the effect of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) on CIN is unknown. In this study we investigated recombinant BNP use before coronary angiography (CA) or nonemergent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with unstable angina.MethodsOne thousand patients with unstable angina were prospectively evaluated. The patients were randomly assigned to: group A, isotonic normal saline (NaCl 0.9%, 1 mL/kg/h) for 24 hours before CA or PCI; and group B, human recombinant BNP (rhBNP; 0.005 μg/kg/min). Serum creatinine (Scr) levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate were measured before and 24, 48, and 72 hours, and 7 days after the procedure. The primary outcome was CIN incidence defined according to a relative (≥ 25%) or absolute (≥ 0.5 mg/dL and 44 μmol/L, respectively) increase in Scr from baseline within 48 hours. The secondary end points were the changes in the Scr and estimated glomerular filtration rate, before and after the procedure.ResultsContrast volume, a history of diabetes mellitus, and BNP administration independently predicted CIN. The incidence of CIN was significantly greater in group A than in group B (14.8% vs 5.6%; P < 0.01). Renal function was less compromised in patients who received rhBNP. The Scr of all patients with CIN remained increased for 24 hours, but it was lower and recovered faster in patients who received rhBNP.ConclusionsrhBNP administration before CA or PCI protects renal function and can significantly decrease CIN incidence.     

Interrelationship among muscle,fat, and bone: Connecting the dots on cellular,hormonal, and whole body levels

While sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity have been recognized in the last decade, a combined concept to include decreased muscle mass and strength, as well as decreased bone mass with coexistence of adiposity is discussed here. We introduce a new term, osteopenic obesity, and operationalize its meaning within the context of osteopenia and obesity. Next, we consolidate osteopenic obesity with the already existing and more familiar term, sarcopenic obesity, and delineate the resulting combined condition assigning it the term osteosarcopenic obesity. Identification and possible diagnosis of each condition are discussed, as well as the interactions of muscle, fat and bone tissues on cellular level, considering their endocrine features. Special emphasis is placed on the mesenchymal stem cell commitment into osteoblastogenic, adipogenic and myogenic lineages and causes of its deregulation. Based on the presented evidence and as expounded within the text, it is reasonable to say that under certain conditions, osteoporosis and sarcopenia could be the obesity of bone and muscle, respectively, with the term osteosarcopenic obesity as an encompassment for all.     

半夏基因组DNA的提取及鉴定

目的探讨不同DNA提取方法对半夏DNA质量及RAPD-PCR标记结果的影响。方法对用不同方法提取的DNA进行电泳、紫外吸收A260/A280和RAPD-PCR分析。结果不同方法提取的DNA质量和产率差异不显著,对RAPD结果无影响。结论半夏在DNA提取前加入氯仿对材料预处理,可获得较高质量的DNA进行PCR扩增。     

A nano-sized Cu-MOF with high peroxidase-like activity and its potential application in colorimetric detection of H2O2 and glucose

Peroxidase widely exists in nature and can be applied for the diagnosis and detection of H₂O₂, glucose, ascorbic acid and other aspects. However, the natural peroxidase has low stability and its catalytic efficiency is easily affected by external conditions. In this work, a copper-based metal–organic framework (Cu-MOF) was prepared by hydrothermal method, and characterized by means of XRD, SEM, FT-IR and EDS. The synthesized Cu-MOF material showed high peroxidase-like activity and could be utilized to catalyze the oxidation of o-phenylenediamine (OPDA) and 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H₂O₂. The steady-state kinetics experiments of the oxidation of OPDA and TMB catalyzed by Cu-MOF were performed, and the kinetic parameters were obtained by linear least-squares fitting to Lineweaver–Burk plot. The results indicated that the affinity of Cu-MOF towards TMB and OPDA was close to that of the natural horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The as-prepared Cu-MOF can be applied for colorimetric detection of H₂O₂ and glucose with wide linear ranges of 5 to 300 μM and 50 to 500 μM for H₂O₂ and glucose, respectively. Furthermore, the specificity of detection of glucose was compared with other sugar species interference such as sucrose, lactose and maltose. In addition, the detection of ascorbic acid and sodium thiosulfate was also performed upon the inhibition of TMB oxidation. Based on the high catalytic activity, affinity and wide linear range, the as-prepared Cu-MOF may be used for artificial enzyme mimics in the fields of catalysis, biosensors, medicines and food industry.

A Cu-MOF with high peroxidase-like activity was prepared and could be used for colorimetric detection of H₂O₂ and glucose with high selectivity and good linear range (50–500 μM).