早产儿实施由NICU至家庭过渡期护理干预效果的Meta分析

目的对早产儿实施由NICU至家庭过渡期护理的干预效果进行Meta分析,以期为临床实践提供指导与借鉴。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方数据、中国生物医学文献、PubMed、Cochrane Library、EBSCO、Web of science等中英文数据库对早产儿实施NICU至家庭过渡期护理的随机对照试验。采用Cochrane手册(5.1.0)进行文献质量评价,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入13篇文献。结果显示,过渡期护理可增加早产儿母乳喂养率、体质量及1、3和6个月时身长,缩短住院天数,不会增加医院感染,提高其主要照顾者育儿技能、缓解焦虑情绪(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论 NICU作为早产儿过渡期护理阶段的干预场所,实施后有助于提高早产儿的母乳喂养率、促进其生长发育,提升其主要照顾者育儿技能、缓解焦虑情绪,缩短早产儿住院天数且不会增加医院内感染的风险。     

旋毛虫成虫可溶性抗原免疫小鼠攻击感染后的免疫应答

目的　探讨旋毛虫成虫可溶性抗原 (AWSAg)接种小鼠后诱发的免疫应答。　 方法　制备旋毛虫AWSAg免疫小鼠 ,分别于攻击感染后 7、14、2 1、2 8和 3 5d ,动态观察免疫小鼠特异性IgG抗体水平、IL 2水平和T淋巴细胞亚群的变化。　结果　与非免疫鼠相比 ,免疫鼠血清特异性IgG抗体OD值在攻击感染后 7d明显升高 ,在观察期内一直高于非免疫鼠。感染后 7dIL 2水平明显增高 ,达观察期内最高值 ,2 1d后才逐渐减少 ,在感染后 2 8～ 3 5d仍高于正常组。免疫鼠CD4+ T细胞在攻击感染 7d明显增加并保持不变 ,非免疫鼠CD4+ T细胞及CD4/CD8比值明显较正常鼠减低。　结论　旋毛虫AWSAg免疫小鼠攻击感染后 ,出现细胞、体液免疫应答。     

心包隐窝的MRI所见与解剖对照研究

目的：熟悉正常心包隐窝的ＭＲＩ表现，对诊断与鉴别诊断具有重要的临床应用价值。材料与方法：选用胸部断解剖标本４例，心包完整离体心脏标本２例。搜集经ＭＲＩ检查无心包病变患者图像２１例。结合解剖，分析ＭＲＩ上正常心包各隐窝的形态、位置、毗邻关系和出现率。结果：（１）主动脉上窦：ＭＲＩ显示２０例，占９５％，其形态有半圆形、三角形、新月形和不规则形。（２）横窦：７１．４％病例ＭＲＩ显示横窦，呈弧线或菱形腔隙     

Chemotherapy for Lymphatic Metastatic Gynecologic Cancer via Pelvic Retroperitoneal Cannulation: A Preliminary Report

The feasibility of chemotherapy for lymphatic metastatic gynecologic cancer via pelvic retroperitoneal cannulation was preliminarily studied. In 25 patients with gynecologic cancer 5-FU was safely allocated by cannulation to the pelvic retroperitoneal space including the external iliac, internal iliac, obturator, and deep inguinal and most of the common iliac lymph nodes. The 5-FU concentration in the lymph nodes on the injection side was 2–10 times that on the control side (P< 0.01). In 4 patients with nodal metastasis on the injection side, most cancer cells showed degeneration and necrosis. No severe complications or adverse effects were observed. The results suggested that the cannulation be used to treat the lymphatic metastasis of gynecologic cancer.     

Ethical challenges of merging criminal identification and civil identification within the Prüm system

The so-called Prüm system made mandatory for all EU Member States to join the pan-European network for the exchange of fingerprints, DNA profiles and motor vehicle information for stepping up on cross-border cooperation, particularly in combating terrorism and cross-border crime. Taking into consideration the number of DNA profiles archived in the national databases of the operational countries, more than 13 million DNA profiles can potentially be exchanged. Plans for “next-generation Prüm” that may soon be introduced aim to exchange additional forensic modalities, namely facial recognition data (FRD). This commentary highlights the ethical and social problems of merging DNA profiles of convicted persons, suspects and crime stains (targeting criminal identification) with DNA profiles from missing persons, relatives of missing persons, unidentified persons and unidentified human remains (oriented to civil identification). In a complementary manner, we also discuss the problematic amendments of the so-called “next-generation Prüm” that may soon be introduced that includes plans to exchange additional forensic modalities, namely facial recognition data (FRD).     

胚鼠大脑皮质神经元的最佳分离和培养方法的探讨

用不同类型酶消化法及单纯机械法分离胚鼠大脑皮质,并分别采用两种不同的培养基进行神经元的体外培养以建立胚鼠脑皮质神经元的最佳分离和培养方法,结果表明：采用0.05%胰蛋白酶＋0.05%Ⅱ型原酶消化,以神经元完全培养基作为培养基质可获得高纯度、高活性的大脑皮质神经元。     

成都市61种抗感冒药成分调查及分析

目的：调查成都市抗感冒药成分，对药物的组成成分进行分析。方法：对成都市6家药店所售61种感冒药进行实地调查，查阅相关文献，并对所得数据进行统计分析。结果：西药和中西结合药略多于纯中药。剂型中以片剂及胶囊为主。西药成分中较多的有对乙酰氨基酚、马来酸氯苯那敏、咖啡因等，中药成分中较多的有连翘、板蓝根、菊花等。所有药物平均每次使用价格，每日使用价格分布与药品类型、剂型、市场占有率均无关。结论：成都市市场上所见感冒药成分构成合理度较高。而人们在选择感冒药时，主要看中疗效，而价格、剂型等因素并不起最终决定性作用。     

Inhibitory effects of tetrandrine on the Na+ channel of human atrial fibrillation myocardium

Aim:

Tetrandrine (Tet) is a Ca²⁺ channel blocker and has antiarrhythmic effects. Less information exists with regard to the mechanisms underlying its antiarrhythmic action other than blocking Ca²⁺ channels. In this study, the effects of Tet on the Na⁺ current (I_Na) in the atrial myocardium of patients in atrial fibrillation (AF) and sinus rhythm (SR) were investigated, and the characteristics of the Na⁺ current were synchronously compared between the AF and SR patients.

Methods:

Na⁺ currents were recorded using the whole-cell patch clamp technique in single atrial myocyte of the AF and the normal SR groups. The effects of Tet (40–120 μmol/L) on the Na⁺ current in the two groups were then observed.

Results:

Tet (60–120 μmol/L) decreased I_Na density in a concentration-dependent manner and made the voltage-dependent activation curve shift to more positive voltages in the SR and AF groups. After exposure to Tet, the voltage-dependent inactivation curve of I_Na was shifted to more negative voltages in the two groups. Tet delayed the time-dependent recovery of I_Na in a concentration dependent manner in both AF and SR cells; however, there were no differences in the effects of Tet on I_Na density and properties in the two groups. The I_Na density of AF patients did not differ from that of the SR patients.

Conclusion:

Tet can block sodium channels with slow recovery kinetics, which may explain the mechanisms underlying the antiarrhythmic action of Tet. The decreased conduction velocity (CV) in AF patients is not caused by the Na⁺ current.     

氟的荧光测定法研究

本文建立了氟的Al~(3 )—Calcein配合物荧光熄灭测定法。该法激发波长480nm,发射波长503nm,线性范围2—150ppbF~-,灵敏度为2ppbF~-,是现有的最灵敏方法之一。100ppbF~-时标准偏差为1.3ppbF~-。用茜素络合剂分光光度法进行对照试验,二者获得的结果一致。