农村糖尿病患者健康教育知识掌握现状调查及其对慢性并发症发生率的影响

目的：了解本市农村糖尿病患者健康教育知识掌握现状及其对慢性并发症发生率的影响,唤起人们对糖尿病教育的重视。方法按参考文献设计糖尿病健康教育知识测评表,对150例本科住院的本市农村2型糖尿病患者进行问卷调查。在参与了问卷调查患者中选取病程在5~10年且病程、年龄、性别均无统计学差异的患者,出院后查阅其病历资料,记录慢性并发症：糖尿病眼病、糖尿病肾病、糖尿病大血管病变（颈部及双下肢血管）、糖尿病周围神经病变、糖尿病植物神经病变。采用χ2检验分析得分≥60分及〈60分者慢性并发症发病率差异。结果14例糖尿病患者相关知识掌握好（得分≥85分）,占9.3%,45例一般（60~84分）,占30%,91例差（〈60分）占60.7%;糖尿病教育相关知识得分〈60分组患者其慢性并发症的发病率均明显高于得分≥60分组（P〈0.05）。结论糖尿病健康教育知识掌握好坏直接影响糖尿病慢性并发症的发生率,本市农村糖尿病健康教育形势严峻,需引起有关部门及广大医务工作者的重视。     

Surgery combined with post-operative trancatheter arterial chemoembolization improves survival of intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma

Aim: To investigate the efficacy of surgery combined with post-operative trancatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: A total of 102 patients were divided into two groups: Radical liver resection only (LR group, 52 patients) and radical liver resection combined with post-operative TACE (combined group, 50 patients). Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed using Cox proportional analysis to detect prognostic factors of survival outcomes.

Results: The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rate in the LR group were significantly lower compared with those in combined group (p?=?.019). The 1-, 3- and 5-year progression-free survival rate in the LR group were also lower than those in the combined group (p?=?.048). Multivariate analysis detected that tumor number (multiple vs single), tumor distribution (both lobes vs semi-liver), treatment strategy (surgery?+?TACE vs surgery) were independent factors for OS (HR values were 2.307, 3.155 and 0.526, respectively) and PFS (HR values were 1.938, 3.425 and 0.633, respectively; p?<?.05).

Conclusion: In conclusion, surgery combined with post-operative TACE may improve survival outcomes for patients with intermediate HCC. Tumor number, tumor distribution and treatment strategy (surgery?+?TACE) were significantly associated with the prognosis of patients with intermediate HCC.     

负压封闭引流术治疗胸腰椎病变术后切口感染的临床疗效

目的观察负压封闭引流(VSD)治疗胸腰椎病变术后切口感染的临床疗效。方法对54例胸腰椎病变术后切口感染患者分别采用置管冲洗引流(对照组,23例)和VSD(VSD组,31例)治疗。比较两组抗生素应用时间、创口局部治疗时间、引流管阻塞情况,创口愈合情况,观察VSD副反应,评估VSD的疗效。结果54例患者均获随访,时间6~15个月。抗生素应用时间:对照组(20.1±5.6)d,VSD组(14.1±2.1)d;创口局部治疗时间:对照组(25.2±6.2)d,VSD组(15.0±4.6)d;引流管阻塞次数:对照组13次(13/33),VSD组11次(11/81);创口愈合情况:对照组15例(15/23),VSD组29例(29/31)。两组上述指标比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。VSD组出现皮肤发红、发痒5例,皮疹3例。结论 VSD治疗胸腰椎病变术后切口感染能缩短感染伤口治疗时间,促进创口愈合。     

Traditional Chinese medicine for irritable bowel syndrome: A protocol for meta-analysis

Background:Irritable bowel syndrom (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder which is characterized as recurrent abdominal pain, abdominal discomfort, and abnormal bowel habits such as diarrhea, constipation, both or alternate appear. Although IBS is not fatal, it seriously affects the patients’ daily life and work. Western drug, such as antidiarrheals, gastrointestinal antispasmodic, often cannot get satisfying curative effects. However, the therapeutic effect of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on IBS is very satisfactory which was shown in a large number of randomized controlled trials. Although TCM has been widely used in clinical practice, its relative effectiveness and safety have not been confirmed. Therefore, this study will use meta-analysis to verify the efficacy and safety of different types of TCM in the treatment of IBS.Methods:We search the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library for all randomized controlled trial of TCM for the treatment of IBS from their inception to Oct 15, 2020. Two authors will independently select studies, extract data based on predesigned inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methodological quality assessment and risk of bias will be assessed using Cochrane bias risk tool. All data analysis will be conducted using Revman5.3, WinBUGS 1.4.3, and Stata14.2 software.Results:This study will compare the different outcome indicators of various studies directly and indirectly, and provide a high-quality synthesis of effectiveness and safety of different TCM methods for patients with IBS. The main outcome indicators include effectiveness, remission rate (no drug symptoms), relapse rate, clinical absolute score, and relative score. Secondary outcome indicators included related adverse reactions and serum serotonin concentration.Conclusion:The conclusion of this systematic review will provide a high-quality evidence based on the efficacy and safety of different TCM treatment methods for IBS.Registration number:This study protocol has been funded through a protocol registry. The registry number is INPLASY2020100052     

肝硬化心肌病的CMR与USG研究进展

肝硬化心肌病(CCM)是肝硬化的严重并发症之一,主要表现为心肌对应激的收缩反应受损和/或舒张功能障碍及电生理功能异常。超声心动图(USG)目前广泛应用于CCM的诊断,但CCM发病机制复杂、血流动力学特殊,仅凭单一的USG技术很难完整揭示其结构、功能及心肌内部的改变。心脏磁共振(CMR)成像是目前公认的评估心脏功能的“金标准”,能多维度评价CCM心肌损伤。就USG、CMR技术在CCM心脏结构、功能、心肌纤维化评估及预后判断中的应用予以综述。     

体素内不相干运动扩散加权成像在肾脏的应用进展

体素内不相干运动扩散加权成像(IVIM-DWI)假设组织内水分子扩散运动为非高斯分布,并基于双指数模型得到扩散相关参数。与常规DWI比较,IVIM-DWI不仅能够更加真实地反映组织内水分子扩散运动,并且能够反映组织的微循环灌注。肾脏的毛细血管网及小管系统丰富,因此肾脏的水分子扩散状态和微循环灌注容易受多种因素的影响而发生改变。综述IVIM-DWI在原发性肾脏疾病(肾肿瘤、肾血管疾病等)、继发性肾病(糖尿病肾病、输尿管梗阻性继发性肾病等)及肾移植中的应用进展。     

Long-term effects of a tailored mindfulness-based program for Chinese intensive care unit nurses: A randomized parallel-group trial

AimThis study investigated the direct and long-term improvements that mindfulness-based interventions exert on intensive care unit nurses. We assessed an abbreviated four-week, twice-weekly mindfulness-based intervention program’s effect on work-related mental health variables and examined whether the intervention impact was maintained at two- and six-month follow-up assessments. We also examined the training program’s effects on work and life.BackgroundPrevious research has shown that mindfulness interventions exert positive effects immediately after treatment. However, few studies have examined whether treatment effects are maintained over time or under different circumstances. Moreover, treatment effects among Chinese intensive care unit nurses have rarely been examined.DesignWe conducted a randomized, non-blinded, parallel-group trial.MethodsParticipants included 90 intensive care unit nurses, divided into two cohorts, who participated in the program in October 2016 and April 2017. They completed validated measures of mindfulness, burnout syndromes, anxiety and depressive symptoms and well-being at baseline (T₁), immediately after intervention (T₂), two months after (T₃) and six months after (T₄) the intervention.ResultsWe observed a significant group effect (1) immediately post-intervention and two months after intervention for mindfulness; (2) at two months after intervention for anxiety, depression and subjective well-being and (3) at post-intervention, two months after and six months after for emotional exhaustion.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the tailored four-week mindfulness-based intervention program improved intensive care unit nurses’ mental health, although further research is needed to verify its feasibility in a clinical working environment.     

电刺激联合神经营养素3可促进脊髓损伤大鼠内源性神经干细胞的增殖和分化

文题释义： 神经营养素3：是神经生长因子基因家族的成员,可促进多种中枢和外周神经元的存活和分化,调节神经元突触活动,并对神经系统发育和成熟起重要作用。神经营养素3在损伤条件下对神经元具有保护作用,因而在治疗神经系统疾病和神经损伤中有临床应用前景。 内源性神经干细胞：正常机体中,神经干细胞一般处于静息状态,在特定的生理或病理刺激下被激活,其中侧脑室外侧壁的室下带和海马齿状回的颗粒下带是产生神经干细胞最为活跃的区域,神经系统损伤后,在多种细胞因子、调控基因的调节下发生增殖、迁移和分化等。 背景：由于外源性神经干细胞的获取有限,且容易产生免疫排斥以及伦理问题等严重制约其向临床转化,因此如何激活内源性神经干细胞并促进其生长增殖、分化,成为近期科研工作者究的热点。 目的：探讨电刺激联合神经营养素3对大鼠脊髓损伤后内源性神经干细胞增殖及向神经元分化的作用。 方法：将96只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、脊髓损伤组、电刺激组、电刺激+神经营养素3组,每组24只。假手术组仅暴露脊髓,其他3组大鼠应用改良Allen法建立脊髓损伤模型,造模后给予相应措施进行干预。造模后7,14,21,28 d时,以BBB评分评价大鼠后肢运动功能,电生理学检查运动诱发电位潜伏期;造模后28 d取材,进行苏木精-伊红染色观察脊髓病理变化,免疫组化染色观察内源性神经干细胞的增殖和分化情况。实验方案经兰州大学第二医院医学伦理委员会批准。 结果与结论：①与假手术组相比,脊髓损伤组大鼠的BBB评分明显降低(P < 0.01),脊髓组织可见大量炎症细胞浸润,并存在多个空洞;与脊髓损伤组相比,电刺激组、电刺激+神经营养素3组大鼠后肢功能开始逐渐恢复,电刺激+神经营养素3组BBB评分明显高于电刺激组(P < 0.05),上述病理损伤变化明显改善;②脊髓损伤组7,14 d及电刺激组大鼠7 d时双后肢运动诱发电位潜伏期均未测出,电刺激组、电刺激+神经营养素3组21,28 d时运动诱发电位潜伏期较模型组缩短(P < 0.05),电刺激+神经营养素3组潜伏期缩短更显著    (P < 0.05);③BrdU和Nestin阳性细胞数、微管相关蛋白2的表达：电刺激+神经营养素3组>电刺激组>脊髓损伤组;胶质纤维酸性蛋白的表达：脊髓损伤组>电刺激组>电刺激+神经营养素3组。结果表明脊髓损伤大鼠经电刺激及神经营养素3干预后,促进内源性神经干细胞增殖和向神经元分化,病理损伤明显减轻,后肢运动功能显著改善。 ORCID: 0000-0002-6353-8874(张培根) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

β-榄香烯治疗结直肠癌作用机制研究进展

结直肠癌具有较高的发病率和病死率,药物治疗可延长生存期,但会出现不同程度的耐药。β-榄香烯是从温郁金中提取的活性成分,具有广谱的抗肿瘤活性,可抑制肿瘤细胞生长和增殖、诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、抑制肿瘤细胞侵袭和转移、逆转肿瘤药物耐药、联合化疗增效减毒、同步放疗增敏、改善免疫功能。综述了β-榄香烯治疗结直肠癌的作用机制研究进展,以期为β-榄香烯临床治疗结直肠癌提供参考。