超声骨刀与高速磨钻应用于颈椎后路单开门椎管扩大成形术的有效性及安全性的Meta分析

目的 :通过Meta分析评价应用超声骨刀(ultrasonic bone curette,UBC)与高速磨钻(high-speed drill,HSD)在颈椎后路单开门椎管扩大成形术(cervical expansive open-door laminoplasty,CEOL)中的有效性及安全性。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、万方数据库(Wanfang Data)、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI),搜集关于比较应用超声骨刀和高速磨钻在颈椎后路单开门椎管扩大成形术中有效性及安全性的临床对照研究,检索时限为建库至2021年3月。2名研究人员分别筛选文献、提取数据并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用Cochrane Library提供的Revman 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:最终纳入8个临床研究,包括4个随机对照试验(randomized controlled trial,RCT)和4个队列研究(cohort study,CS),共计631例患者,其中超声骨刀组314例,高速磨钻组317例。Meta分析结果显示,两组间术前、术后早期及末次随访时JOA评分、VAS评分、手术相关总并发症发生率、术后轴性症状和C5神经根麻痹发生率均无统计学差异(P0.05)。然而,与高速磨钻组相比,超声骨刀组手术时间[均数差(mean difference,MD)=-24.78,95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI)为(-36.80,-12.76),P0.0001]、术中出血量[MD=-69.94,95%CI为(-115.40,-24.47),P=0.003]、术后引流量[MD=-53.21,95%CI为(-86.95,-19.46),P=0.002]、硬脊膜撕裂发生率[优势比(odds ratio,OR)=0.30,95%CI为(0.09,0.95),P=0.04]和脑脊液漏发生率[OR=0.30,95%CI为(0.09,0.95),P=0.04]均明显低于高速磨钻组。结论:在颈椎后路单开门椎管扩大成形术中应用超声骨刀安全有效,可以节约手术时间、减少术中出血量和术后引流量、降低硬脊膜撕裂和脑脊液漏的风险。     

硫化氢对肝硬化大鼠肝脏survivin表达的影响

目的:探讨抗凋亡因子存活素(survivin)在硫化氢(hydrogen sulfide,H2S)干扰的肝硬化大鼠肝脏中的表达量,了解H2S在肝硬化过程中可能的作用机制.方法:♀SD大鼠经复合因素法复制肝硬化模型,造模结束后随机分为S组、P组、C组,分别腹腔注射硫氢化钠(sodium hydrogen sulfide,NaSH)56mg/(kgd)、炔丙基甘氨酸(Propargylglycine,PPG)30mg/(kgd)及等量生理盐水,用敏感硫电极法检测肝硬化大鼠门静脉中H2S的量,用免疫组织化学及realtime-PCR检测大鼠肝脏survivin蛋白及mRNA表达.结果:S组、P组与C组相比,门静脉血浆内H2S浓度显著改变(51.19mol/L±8.75mol/L,68.97mol/L±2.69mol/Lvs134.49mol/L±12.25mol/L,P<0.05),肝硬化H2S增加组大鼠survivin蛋白及mRNA表达显著增加(P<0.05),肝硬化大鼠体内H2S与survivin表达有相关性.结论:在大鼠肝硬化模型中,随着体内H2S浓度的变化,survivin蛋白及mRNA表达发生变化,这可能是H2S调节肝硬化作用过程中的机制之一.     

新疆维吾尔族和汉族宫颈癌患者微小RNA-143的表达及其临床病理意义

目的探讨微小RNA(miR)-143在新疆维吾尔(维)族和汉族宫颈癌患者中的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法采用qRT-PCR方法检测正常宫颈及宫颈癌组织中miR-143的表达，分析miR-143在维、汉族间的差异及其与临床病理特征的关系。结果与正常宫颈组比较，miR-143在宫颈癌组中表达显著下降，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，但两民族人群间表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。miR-143表达与淋巴结转移及肿瘤大小相关。有淋巴结转移的宫颈癌组，miR-143表达明显低于无淋巴结转移的宫颈癌组(Z=-2.127，P=0.033)；nO瘤直径>4 cm的宫颈癌组miR-143表达明显低于肿块直径≤4 cm的宫颈癌组(Z=-2.628，P=0.009)。ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分析显示，miR-143在不同肿块直径和淋巴结转移的宫颈癌组中，AUC分别为O.711和O.697，均>O.5。评价癌肿直径的敏感度和特异度分别为85.7%和62.2%；评价淋巴结转移的敏感度和特异度分别为72.2%和60.4%。miR-143表达与患者年龄、癌浸润深度、子宫旁浸润、FIGO分期、组织类型及病理分级无关。结论miR-143参与宫颈癌的发生发展，且无种族差异表达，可能成为宫颈癌诊断及病情预测的标记物。     

MiR-200c-3p inhibits cell migration and invasion of clear cell renal cell carcinoma via regulating SLC6A1

In this study, we investigated the mechanism of miR-200c-3p and SLC6A1 in regulating cell activity of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). The mRNA and miRNA expressions of tissue specimens were analyzed by CapitalBio Corporation (Beijing, China). The expression of SLC6A1 in CCRCC cells was examined through qRT-PCR and western blot. The migration and invasion ability of 786-O cells was testified by transwell assay after transfected. 786-O cell proliferation ability was detected by MTT assay. Dual luciferase reporter assay verified the association between SLC6A1 and miR-200c-3p. SLC6A1 was high expressed and miR-200c-3p was low expressed in CCRCC tissues and cells. Besides, lower SLC6A1 expression indicated longer survival time and higher survival rate. MiR-200c-3p could directly target at SLC6A1 and reduce its expression. MiR-200c-3p inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion in 786-O cells by down-regulating SLC6A1 expression. The results suggested that the miR-200c-3p served as a suppressor for CCRCC via down-regulating SLC6A1.     

Tracking Spinal Cord Injury Functional Outcomes Across the Lifespan: Validation of Linking Coefficients

ObjectiveValidation of linking coefficients to transform Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury Activity Measure (PEDI-SCI/AM) scores to adult Spinal Cord Injury-Functional Index (SCI-FI) scores.DesignThis cross-sectional study administered PEDI-SCI/AM and SCI-FI computerized adaptive tests (CATs) and short forms (SFs) to children with SCI and parents or caregivers.SettingHospitals, university, and rehabilitation institute.ParticipantsAbout 107 children with SCI and 96 parent or caregivers.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresLinking coefficients estimated SCI-FI (est-SCI-FI) scores from PEDI-SCI/AM scores for matched domains. Correlations between est-SCI-FI and actual SCI-FI scores were calculated. If correlations exceeded the criterion linking (0.866), the following analyses to compare est-SCI-FI and actual SCI-FI scores were conducted: paired t tests, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs 3, 1), percent of cases with absolute score differences at different thresholds.ResultsTwo matched domains, PEDI-SCI/AM Daily Routine/SCI-FI Self-Care and PEDI-SCI/AM General Mobility/SCI-FI Basic Mobility, met the linking criterion for both respondent-types (parent and child) and administration modes (CAT and SF). PEDI-SCI/AM Daily Routine and SCI-FI Fine Motor Function did not meet linking criterion for respondent type or mode. The linking criterion was met for wheelchair domains (child SF and CAT) and ambulation domains (child SF only). Significant differences between est-SCI-FI and actual SCI-FI scores were noted for all matched domains except Daily Routine/Self-Care (child SF only; parent SF and CAT). ICC values showed excellent agreement (range=0.75-0.89). Absolute differences between est-SCI-FI and actual SCI-FI scores were less than 1 standard deviation (except wheelchair CAT child).ConclusionsLinking coefficients applied to PEDI-SCI/AM scores can provide valid SCI-FI estimates that vary by domain, mode, and respondent type.     

乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族、汉族住院患者胰岛素抵抗状态下多种危险因素分析

目的探讨乌鲁木齐市住院患者维吾尔族和汉族胰岛素抵抗(IR)状态下多种危险因素分布特点。方法来自内科住院病人219例,均进行葡萄糖糖耐量试验和胰岛素释放试验,运用稳态模式法评价胰岛素抵抗对维吾尔族、汉族多种危险因素分布的影响。结果维吾尔族胰岛素抵抗组体重和腰臀比大于维吾尔族对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);汉族胰岛素抵抗组总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白(LDLC)高于汉族对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。维吾尔族胰岛素抵抗组体重、体质指数(BMI)和腰围大于汉族胰岛素抵抗组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。维吾尔族体质指数明显高于汉族人群,即非胰岛素抵抗组维吾尔族高于汉族(26.84±4.19 vs25.52±3.19)kg/m2,(P0.05),胰岛素抵抗组维吾尔族高于汉族(27.77±3.60 vs 26.09±3.68)kg/m2(P0.05)。多个危险因素(Logistic回归分析)分析发现糖尿病、高血压、总胆固醇和甘油三酯与胰岛素抵抗呈正相关(P0.01)。高密度脂蛋白(HDLC)与胰岛素抵抗呈负相关(P0.01)。结论在乌鲁木齐市住院患者胰岛素抵抗人群中,维吾尔族以肥胖为主,汉族以胆固醇升高为主。糖尿病、高血压和血脂异常与胰岛素抵抗密切相关。     

循环胆固醇及其相关基因变异在早发型阿尔茨海默病中的作用及机制

早发型阿尔茨海默病（EOAD）是65岁之前发病的以进行性认知障碍及行为异常为特征的神经系统退行性疾病。作为常染色体显性遗传疾病，EOAD的发病机制主要与基因突变有关。研究表明胆固醇及其相关基因变异参与EOAD发病。胆固醇可能通过载脂蛋白E基因ε4等位基因（ApoE ε4）介导促进EOAD发生，也可能是EOAD独立于ApoE ε4的危险因素，具体作用机制尚不明确。对EOAD患者进行基因检测发现，与胆固醇代谢相关的载脂蛋白A1（ApoA1）基因、载脂蛋白B（ApoB）基因、载脂蛋白C1（ApoC1）基因、载脂蛋白C2（ApoC2）基因、载脂蛋白D（ApoD）基因、载脂蛋白E（ApoE）基因、三磷酸腺苷结合盒A1转运蛋白（ABCA1）基因、三磷酸腺苷结合盒A2转运蛋白（ABCA2）基因、三磷酸腺苷结合盒A7转运蛋白（ABCA7）基因、3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶（HMGCR）基因、分拣蛋白相关受体1（SORLl）均与EOAD有关。现将胆固醇及相关基因变异在EOAD发病机制中的作用做一综述，旨在为EOAD早期诊断提供临床思路，为EOAD的治疗提供新的靶点。