COSSH ACLFⅡ评分模型对乙肝病毒相关慢加急性肝衰竭患者短期预后评估和病情分级的应用价值

目的：评估中国重症乙型肝炎研究学组（COSSH）慢加急性肝衰竭（acute-on-chronic liver failure,ACLF2.0(COSSH ACLFⅡ)评分对乙肝病毒相关ACLF(HBV-ACLF)患者短期预后评估和病情分级的应用价值。方法：回顾性分析皖南医学院附属第一医院2017年1月—2021年12月收治的114例HBV-ACLF患者的临床资料和生存信息。根据患者90 d生存情况分为存活组（n=67）和死亡组（n=47）,比较两组基线特征的差异。采用受试者工作特征曲线下面积（area under curve,AUC）比较COSSH ACLFⅡ评分和COSSH ACLF评分、慢性肝衰竭联盟（CLIF-C）ACLF评分、CLIF-C脏器衰竭（CLIF-C OF）评分、终末期肝病模型（MELD）评分、MELD联合血清钠（MELD-Na）评分和Child-Turcotte-Pugh(CTP)评分预测患者90 d死亡的价值。分别按照COSSH ACLF分级（ACLF-1,n=83;ACLF-2,n=23;ACLF-3,n=8）和COSSH ACLFⅡ危险分层（<7.4,n...     

7关节超声评分在中西医治疗类风湿关节炎疗效评估中的应用

目的探讨7关节超声评分系统(US7)评估中西医治疗类风湿性关节炎(RA)临床疗效的价值。方法根据治疗方法不同将160例RA患者分为益肾清络活血方(YSQL)治疗组和单纯西医治疗组,分别于治疗前、治疗后3个月及6个月进行灰阶超声(GSUS)、能量多普勒超声(PDUS)检查及7关节超声评分(US7)。7个关节即腕关节,第2、3掌指关节(MCPⅡ/Ⅲ)及近端指间关节(PIPⅡ/Ⅲ),第2、5跖趾关节(MTPⅡ/Ⅴ)。评分项目包括GSUS滑膜炎、PDUS滑膜炎、GSUS肌腱/腱鞘炎、PDUS肌腱/腱鞘炎、骨侵蚀(ES)。同时进行C-反应蛋白(C-RP)及血沉(ESR)检测及28关节疾病活动度(DAS28)评价。结果 YSQL治疗组和单纯西医治疗组RA患者治疗前、治疗后3个月及6个月US7系统中GSUS滑膜炎、PDUS滑膜炎、GSUS肌腱/腱鞘炎、PDUS肌腱/腱鞘炎评分差异均有统计学意义(P均0.01)。所有患者治疗前后ES差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后US7的指标与DAS28、C-RP、ESR呈不同程度的正相关。结论 US7可为临床评估中西医治疗RA的疗效提供依据。     

Paired eye-control study of unilateral opaque bubble layer in femtosecond laser assisted laser in situ keratomileusis

AIM: To investigate the predictive factors of the opaque bubble layer (OBL) compared to the fellow eye of same patients in FS200 femtosecond laser assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK). METHODS: This study consisted of 60 consecutive patients (120 eyes) with unilateral OBL during FS-LASIK. Eyes were divided into OBL (the OBL eyes) and OBL-free groups (the fellow eyes) based on the occurrence of OBL. The preoperative demographic data, refraction, keratometry, corneal astigmatism, pachymetry, intraocular pressure and intraoperative data including the outlet location of gas diffusing canal were collected. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to find the associated factors with OBL in the two groups by determining odds ratios (OR) and 95%CI. RESULTS: The preoperative demographic data, mean spherical errors, mean K value, suction time, intraocular pressure and central cornea thickness were not significantly different between the two groups. The outlet location of gas diffusing canal (P<0.01, OR 7.16, 95%CI 2.53-20.32) and the corneal astigmatism (P=0.013, OR 0.13, 95%CI 0.03-0.65) were significantly associated with the incidence of OBL by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Visual acuity, efficacy, and safety were comparable between the two groups two months after surgery except for a slightly lower predictability value for the hard OBL eyes. CONCLUSION: The reduction of the incidence of OBL is obvious when the outlet of gas diffusing canal located at the posterior border of the corneoscleral limbus. This is probably consequent to more effectiveness of gas diffusing canal. Corneal astigmatism is also an independent protective factor for OBL formation.     

C臂X线机不同投射角度透视对股骨颈骨折经皮内固定后上方in-out-in螺钉的评估

目的 探讨采用C臂X线机不同投射角度透视图像评估股骨颈骨折经皮内固定模型后上方in-out-in（IOI）螺钉的精准性。方法 选取6个Synbone股骨近端人工骨标准模型,模拟股骨颈骨折经皮倒三角空心螺钉内固定手术方式向股骨颈内分别置入3枚2.5 mm的导针,其中后上方的那枚导针设计成IOI状态。使用C臂X线机,观察以下不同投射角度X线透视图像上股骨颈后上方的IOI导针穿出皮质的情况：（1）标准正侧位和轴位透视;（2）动态旋转手术床透视;（3）C臂X线机顺序旋转透视。结果 （1）6个模型的标准正侧位透视图像均显示置入的3枚导针完全位于股骨颈内,未见穿破皮质;股骨颈轴位透视均可见后上方IOI导针明显穿出皮质。（2）逆时针旋转手术床与水平面约20°时透视可发现IOI导针穿出皮质。（3）C臂X线机影像增强器顺时针旋转40°时,可清晰观察到IOI导针穿破了皮质,在股骨颈内呈现IOI状态。结论 C臂X线机正侧位透视图像在评估股骨颈骨折经皮内固定后上方的IOI螺钉时存在假象,而使用40°顺时针旋转透视的图像可清晰显示股骨颈后上方IOI螺钉。     

Neo-adjuvant Vismodegib followed by radiation in locally advanced basal cell carcinoma

Basal cell carcinomas occur in up to 39% of Caucasian men and 28% of women. Rarely it can present a management dilemma in patients with neglected locally advanced disease of large dimension or involvement of critical structures. The Hedgehog pathway is constitutively active in almost all basal cell carcinomas and patients with Naevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome have germline mutations in the Patched tumor suppressor gene, a Hedgehog pathway component, on chromosome 9q. This case describes an elderly patient with an untreated sporadic Basal cell carcinoma whose dimensions precluded local management approaches. The Hedgehog pathway inhibitor Vismodegib had a dramatic response allowing definitive treatment to be pursued.     

Efficacy and Safety of SH-1028 in Patients With EGFR T790M-Positive NSCLC: A Multicenter,Single-Arm,Open-Label,Phase 2 Trial

IntroductionAs a novel third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), SH-1028 (formerly oritinib) is developed to inhibit both sensitizing EGFR mutations and EGFR T790M mutation.MethodsThis was a multicenter, single-arm, open-label, phase 2 trial (NCT03823807). Eligible patients were those with advanced NSCLC with centrally confirmed EGFR T790M mutation who progressed after first- or second-generation EGFR TKIs or with primary EGFR T790M mutations. Each patient received SH-1028 tablets orally at 200 mg/d until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. Tumor response was evaluated every 6 weeks per the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1. The primary end point was objective response rate by an independent review committee. The secondary end points were progression-free survival, overall survival (OS), disease control rate, safety, and so on.ResultsA total of 286 patients with EGFR T790M-positive advanced NSCLC were enrolled in this study, including 59 patients in part A (dose-verification study) and 227 patients in part B (second-line registration study). By data cutoff on September 17, 2021, the independent review committee–assessed objective response rate was 55.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 42.4–68.8) in part A and 60.4% (95% CI: 53.7–66.8) in part B. The median progression-free survival was 12.4 months (95% CI: 8.3–20.8) in part A and 12.6 months (95% CI: 9.7–15.3) in part B. The median OS was 26.0 months (95% CI: 23.3–not reached) in part A, and OS was immature in part B. Among the 286 patients, 44 of them experienced at least one grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse event, with the most common ones as increased serum creatinine phosphokinase level (13 [4.5%]), diarrhea (six [2.1%]), and prolonged QT interval (three [1.0%]). Treatment-related skin rash was reported in 26 patients (9.1%), all grade 1 or 2. There was no interstitial lung disease reported in this study.ConclusionsSH-1028 is efficacious and tolerable in second-line treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC with positive EGFR T790M.     

阿莫西林氨溴索胶囊治疗急性轻度细菌性下呼吸道感染的多中心研究

目的评价阿莫西林氨溴索胶囊治疗我国成人急性轻度细菌性下呼吸道感染伴痰液黏稠患者的临床疗效和安全性。方法采用多中心、随机、双盲双模拟、阳性药物平行对照的研究设计,给予试验组患者口服阿莫西林氨溴索胶囊和阿莫西林胶囊的模拟剂各1粒,对照组患者口服阿莫西林胶囊和阿莫西林氨溴索胶囊的模拟剂各1粒,每日3次,疗程7¹4 d,治疗前后对患者的症状、体征以及血常规、痰培养等实验室指标进行评估和比较。结果实际入选病例268例;纳入全分析集(FAS)255例,对照组128例,试验组127例;纳入符合方案集(PPS)243例。根据PPS分析,对照组和试验组祛痰有效率分别为63.6%和90.2%,临床治愈率分别为63.6%和88.5%,细菌培养阳性病例的痊愈率分别为55%和78%,试验组在祛痰疗效、临床总体疗效和综合疗效上均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。药物不良事件主要表现为丙氨酸转氨酶升高、呕吐、尿蛋白阳性、白细胞计数下降、腹泻,程度均为轻度,对照组和试验组不良事件的发生率无显著差异(2.3%vs.0.8%,P>0.05)。结论阿莫西林氨溴索胶囊治疗我国成人急性轻度细菌性下呼吸道感染安全、有效,其祛痰疗效优势明显。     

Effects of systemically applied nAChRα7 agonists and antagonists on light-induced phase shifts of hamster circadian activity rhythms

Many physiological systems in mammals are linked to the body’s master circadian rhythm in the sleep/wake cycle and dysfunctions in this rhythm has been associated with neurological diseases such as major depression, Alzheimer’s Disease and schizophrenia. There is some evidence that nicotinic cholinergic input to the master circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus, may modulate circadian activity rhythms, but data employing in vivo preparations is sparse. Therefore we examined the ability of intraperitoneally applied nicotinic agonists and antagonists relatively selective for the α7 nicotinic receptor to modulate light-induced phase shifts of hamster circadian wheel running rhythms. Hamsters were maintained in constant darkness and exposed to light pulses early and late in their active period, mimicking dusk and dawn respectively, which elicited phase delays and advances of their circadian wheel running rhythms. The α7 receptor antagonists bPiDDB (0.03–3 mg/kg) and methyllacaconitine (0.1–1 mg/kg) inhibited both light- induced phase advances and delays of circadian wheel running rhythms by as much as 75% versus vehicle injections. In contrast, systemic injections of the α7 agonists PHA 543613 and ABT107, both at 0.156–2.5 mg/kg, had no effect on light induced phase advances or delays. Further, α7 nicotinic receptors were identified in the hamster suprachiasmatic nucleus using an antibody that recognizes α7 nicotinic receptors. These results clearly identify the ability of α7 nicotinic receptor antagonists to inhibit light-entrainment of the hamster circadian pacemaker. Therefore, nicotinic compounds may be useful for the treatment of circadian dysfunction associated with neurological diseases.     

miR-593-5p inhibit cell proliferation by targeting PLK1 in non small cell lung cancer cells

Worldwide, lung cancer has the highest rates of mortality and morbidity, with the majority of its pathology attributable to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MicroRNAs are pivotal in the occurrence and development of cancer. However, the role of miRNA-593-5p in the progression of NSCLC is not clear. In this study, we investigate, in vitro, whether miRNA-593-5p inhibits NSCLC cell proliferation. To clarify its specific mechanism of inhibition, we used bioinformatics to predict its target genes and identified PLK1. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed the binding of miR-593-5p to the PLK1 3′-UTR in a sequence-specific manner in NSCLC cells. Additionally, we also found through Western blot and quantitative RT-PCR that miR-593-5p down-regulates the expression of PLK1 protein. Finally, PLK1 overexpression was shown to disinhibit NSCLC cell proliferation. Taken together, this evidence suggests that miR-593-5p inhibits NSCLC cell proliferation by inhibiting PLK1 expression.