重度颅脑损伤致脑中心疝的外科治疗

目的探讨双额叶脑挫裂伤并发生脑中心疝诊断及治疗方法,以利于提高重度颅脑损伤的治疗效果。方法病例选自2008年6月至2013年6月河北大学附属医院神经外科,双额颞脑挫裂伤并发脑中心疝患者126例。全组病人采取包括手术在内的综合治疗,手术采取双侧去颅骨骨瓣减压术及内减压。间脑期手术63例,生存54例,非间脑期手术49例,生存例36;手术112例,生存93例,保守治疗14例,存活2例;进行病例分析,探讨脑中心疝的诊断及治疗。结果手术治疗组的生存率高于保守治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。脑中心疝间脑期手术治疗组的生存率高于非间脑期手术治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论要高度重视脑中心疝诊疗,加强间脑期的监护,可取得较好的治疗效果。     

美沙拉秦灌肠液联合布拉氏酵母菌散治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效观察

目的：探讨美沙拉秦灌肠液联合布拉氏酵母菌散治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床效果。方法选择本院2013年7月—2014年4月收治的轻、中度活动性溃疡性结肠炎患者80例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,各40例。治疗组给予美沙拉秦灌肠液联合布拉氏酵母菌散治疗,对照组仅给予美沙拉秦灌肠液治疗。观察两组患者的临床效果及不良反应。结果治疗后,治疗组总有效率为97.5%（39/40）,高于对照组的77.5%（31/40）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组患者的不良反应未通过特殊处理均自行缓解。结论美沙拉秦灌肠液联合布拉氏酵母菌散治疗溃疡性结肠炎疗效确切。     

尾加压素Ⅱ促进大鼠主动脉合成和分泌内皮素1的机制研究

目的 研究尾加压素Ⅱ刺激大鼠主动脉组织产生和分泌内皮素1的作用及其细胞内信号机制.方法 将大鼠主动脉组织薄片和不同浓度尾加压素Ⅱ(10-10～10-7 mol/L)共孵育3 h或6 h,采用放射免疫法测定组织和孵育液中内皮素1含量;向孵育液中加入不同阻断剂,观察对尾加压素Ⅱ诱导内皮素1合成效应的影响,初步探讨尾加压素Ⅱ作用的细胞内机制.结果 尾加压素Ⅱ明显刺激内皮素1的分泌(孵育液含量)和产生(孵育液和组织内皮素1含量总和),呈现时间和浓度依赖性(10-10～10-7 mol/L).孵育3 h后,尾加压素Ⅱ(10-8 mol/L)组内皮素1分泌量较对照组高1.46倍 (P＜0.01),产生总量较对照组高87.9% (P＜0.01);孵育6 h后,尾加压素Ⅱ刺激组(浓度分别为10-10、10-9、10-8 mol/L和10-7 mol/L)内皮素1分泌量分别较对照组增加59.2%,108.0%,159.6%和178.0%,产生总量分别较对照组增加40.6%,68.4%,103.1% 和105.7%(P＜0.01).尾加压素Ⅱ促进内皮素1产生的作用能分别被Ca2 通道阻断剂尼卡地平、蛋白激酶C阻断剂H7、丝裂素活化蛋白激酶抑制剂PD98059、mRNA抑制剂放线菌素D以及蛋白合成抑制剂环磷酰胺所抑制,其中对内皮素1分泌作用的抑制率分别为34.1%,24.5%,32.2%,32.1%和27.6%(P＜0.01),对内皮素1产生总量的抑制率分别为33.5%,31.5%,25.8%,28.0%和36.8%(P＜0.01).结论 尾加压素Ⅱ能够促进主动脉组织合成和分泌内皮素1,该作用可通过Ca2 通道、蛋白激酶C以及丝裂素活化蛋白激酶途径来实现,并提示尾加压素Ⅱ的缩血管等效应有可能通过促进内皮素1的产生来实现.     

足月新生儿高胆红素性脑损伤不同血清指标的临床意义

目的 研究新生儿胆红素性脑损伤患儿血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(serum neuron-specific enolase, s-NSE)含量与血清胆红素、白蛋白及B/A值的关系。方法 采用ELISA法测定高胆红素血症新生儿血清s-NSE含量, 全自动生化分析仪测定其血清间接胆红素数值(UCB)、白蛋白数值(A), 计算间接胆红素与白蛋白的比值(B/A);将62例s-NSE含量增高患儿分成两组:s-NSE值轻度增高组和s-NSE值重度增高组, 分析两组血清指标的差异, 以及s-NSE值与各指标的相关性。结果 两组间UCB值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05), A值无统计学意义(P>0.05), B/A值差异有统计学意义(P<0.001); s-NSE值与B/A值呈高度正相关性(r=0.687, P<0.001)。结论 B/A比值能较好的反应胆红素性脑损害, 临床可通过对B/A值的监测, 指导高胆红素血症患儿的合理干预。     

健康信念模式对改善创伤骨折患者生活质量的作用

目的探讨健康信念模式是否能够改善创伤骨折患者的生活质量。方法将100例创伤骨折患者分为试验组和对照组各50例,分别应用健康信念模式和常规教育方法进行护理健康教育。结果试验组和对照组在教育3周后进行生活质量评分,2组比较,除生理功能外其他各维度评分差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。试验组在教育2、4和6周后进行组内比较,生活质量评分差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论健康信念模式能够有效改善创伤骨折患者的生活质量,促进患者恢复健康。     

Risk-based,response-adapted therapy for early-stage extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma in the modern chemotherapy era: A China Lymphoma Collaborative Group study

We aimed to determine the survival benefits of chemotherapy (CT) added to radiotherapy (RT) in different risk groups of patients with early-stage extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL), and to investigate the risk of postponing RT based on induction CT responses. A total of 1360 patients who received RT with or without new-regimen CT from 20 institutions were retrospectively reviewed. The patients had received RT alone, RT followed by CT (RT + CT), or CT followed by RT (CT + RT). The patients were stratified into different risk groups using the nomogram-revised risk index (NRI). A comparative study was performed using propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis. Adding new-regimen CT to RT (vs RT alone) significantly improved overall survival (OS, 73.2% vs 60.9%, P < .001) and progression-free survival (PFS, 63.5% vs 54.2%, P < .001) for intermediate-risk/high-risk patients, but not for low-risk patients. For intermediate-risk/high-risk patients, RT + CT and CT + RT resulted in non-significantly different OS (77.7% vs 72.4%; P = .290) and PFS (67.1% vs 63.1%; P = .592). For patients with complete response (CR) after induction CT, initiation of RT within or beyond three cycles of CT resulted in similar OS (78.2% vs 81.7%, P = .915) and PFS (68.2% vs 69.9%, P = .519). For patients without CR, early RT resulted in better PFS (63.4% vs 47.6%, P = .019) than late RT. Risk-based, response-adapted therapy involving early RT combined with CT is a viable, effective strategy for intermediate-risk/high-risk early-stage patients with ENKTCL in the modern treatment era.     

Further evidence for genetic association of CACNA1C and schizophrenia: New risk loci in a Han Chinese population and a meta-analysis

CACNA1C (12p13.3) has been implicated as a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia by several replicated genome wide association studies. While these results have been consistent among studies in European populations, the findings in East Asian populations have varied. To test whether CACNA1C is a risk gene for schizophrenia, we conducted a case–control study in 5897 schizophrenic patients and 6323 healthy control subjects selected from Han Chinese population. Our study replicated the positive associations of rs1006737 (P = 0.0108, OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.03–1.29) and rs1024582 (P = 0.0062, OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.05–1.33), and identified a novel risk locus, rs2007044 (P = 0.0053, OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02–1.14). A meta-analysis of rs1006737 combining our study and previous studies was conducted in a total of 8222 schizophrenia cases and 24,661 healthy controls. In the meta-analysis, the association between rs1006737 and schizophrenia remained significant (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07–1.22, P = 0.0001). Stratified analysis showed no heterogeneity between East Asian and European ancestries (χ²[1] = 0.07, P = 0.795), and the difference in pooled ORs between ancestries was not significant (Z = 0.25, P = 0.801). Our results provide further support for associations of rs1006737 and rs1024582 with schizophrenia, identify a new risk locus rs2007044 in a Han Chinese population, and further establish CACNA1C as an important susceptibility gene for the disease across world populations.     

鬼臼苦素对人结直肠癌HCT-15细胞增殖和周期的影响及其作用机制

目的 探讨鬼臼苦素（PPP）对人结直肠癌细胞系HCT-15细胞增殖和周期的影响及其作用机制。方法 不同浓度PPP处理HCT-15细胞,采用细胞计数试剂盒8（CCK-8）法检测HCT-15细胞的增殖活性;倒置显微镜下观察HCT-15细胞的形态变化;流式细胞术检测HCT-15细胞周期的改变;Western blotting检测增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）及细胞周期蛋白D1（cyclinD1）的蛋白表达水平。结果 CCK-8法结果显示,PPP能显著抑制HCT-15细胞的增殖活性,并呈剂量-时间依懒性;倒置显微镜下观察发现,细胞失去原有形态回缩为圆形,折光性降低,活细胞数量明显减少;流式细胞术结果显示,G₂/M期细胞比例显著升高,G₀/G₁期和S期细胞比例明显降低;Western blotting结果显示,PCNA、细胞周期蛋白D1的表达水平明显降低。结论 PPP可显著抑制人结直肠癌HCT-15细胞的增殖,其作用机制可能是通过下调PCNA、cyclinD1的表达水平,进而将细胞阻滞于G₂/M期发挥抑制作用。     

雷公藤甲素对非小细胞肺癌细胞系A549增殖的抑制和凋亡的诱导

目的探讨雷公藤甲素(TP)通过调控趋化因子受体4(CXCR4)基因表达对人非小细胞肺癌(A549)细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法实验分为4组:对照组、TP组(100 nm/L TP处理细胞)、CXCR4+TP组(转染质粒及TP处理细胞)和NC+TP组(转染空载质粒及TP处理细胞)。RT-qPCR和Western blot检测CXCR4表达以及转染效果;MTT法检测细胞增殖;AnnexinⅤ-FITC/PI双染色法检测细胞凋亡;Western blot检测增殖及凋亡相关蛋白表达。结果雷公藤甲素能够抑制A549细胞中CXCR4 mRNA和蛋白的表达(P<0. 05)。雷公藤甲素可抑制A549细胞增殖,诱导其凋亡(P<0. 05)。转染pc DNA-CXCR4能够上调CXCR4 mRNA和蛋白的表达(P<0. 05)。上调CXCR4的表达能够部分逆转雷公藤甲素对A549细胞增殖抑制和凋亡诱导的作用(P<0. 05)。结论雷公藤甲素可能通过下调CXCR4的表达抑制A549细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡。