The mediating role of emotional intelligence between negative life events and psychological distress among nursing students: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundPrevious studies have highlighted that negative life events and emotional intelligence are significant predictors of mental health. However, whether emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between negative life events and psychological distress among nursing students have not been given adequate attention.ObjectivesTo explore the relationship among negative life events, emotional intelligence and psychological distress and to examine the mediating role of emotional intelligence in psychological distress among Chinese nursing students.DesignA cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling.Settings and ParticipantsA total of 467 nursing students who were enrolled in a university in mainland of China.MethodsA structured questionnaire was administered from September–November in 2013 to participants who consented to participate in the study. Independent variables were personal variables, emotional intelligence and negative life events. Outcome variable was psychological health. The means and standard deviations were computed. Student's t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed, to test the differences among the demographic characteristics on the psychological distress scores. Pearson correlation analyses and hierarchical regression analyses were performed.ResultsNegative life events were positively associated with psychological distress. Emotional intelligence was negatively associated with psychological distress and negative life events. Emotional intelligence mediated the relationship between negative life events and psychological distress.ConclusionsThe findings support the theory of Salovey and his colleagues, and provide evidence for emotional intelligence as a factor that buffers effects of negative life events on psychological distress.     

Salvianolic acid B inhibits IL-1β-induced inflammatory cytokine production in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes and has a protective effect in a mouse osteoarthritis model

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic progressive disease that has complicated mechanisms that involve inflammation and cartilage degradation. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory action of Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) in both human OA chondrocytes and a mouse OA model that was induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus. In vitro, chondrocytes were pretreated with Sal B (0, 25, 50, 100 μM) for 2 h, then incubated with IL-1β (10 ng/mL) for 24 h. NO production was determined by Griess method and PGE2 was assessed by ELISA. The expression of INOS, COX-2, MMP-13, ADAMTS-5 and NF-κB-related signaling molecules were tested by Western blotting. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect P65 nuclear translocation. In vivo, the mouse OA model received intraperitoneal-injection of either Sal B (25 mg/kg) or saline every other day. Hematoxylin and Eosin, as well as Safranin-O-Fast green staining, were utilized to evaluate the severity of cartilage lesions up to 8 weeks following the surgery. Sal B inhibited the over-production of NO and PGE2, while the elevated expression of INOS, COX-2, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 were reversed by Sal B in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. In addition, IL-1β significantly induced phosphorylation of NF-κB signaling, and this phosphorylation response was blocked by Sal B. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that Sal B could suppress IL-1β-induced p65 nuclear translocation. In vivo, the cartilage in Sal B-treated mice exhibited less cartilage degradation and lower OARSI scores. Taken together, Sal B possesses great potential value as a therapeutic agent for OA treatment.     

Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in China: Genetic and clinical characteristics from a real-world,multi-center,cohort study

BackgroundThere is a lack of large-scale data on the clinical and genotype characteristics of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) patients in Asia.ObjectiveTo define the characteristics of phenotypic and genetic HoFH probands from mainland China.MethodsWe collected data from patients with suspected HoFH from ten clinical hospitals across mainland China from 2003 to 2019. Clinical data and DNA testing were obtained in all patients. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to generate survival curves, and the groups were compared with the log-rank test.ResultsA total of 108 unrelated probands with suspected HoFH (mean age 14.9 years) were included. The three most common variants were W483X (c.1448 G>A), A627T (c.1879 G>A), H583Y (c.1747 C>T). The majority (64.8%) were compound heterozygotes (n = 70), 23 (21.3%) were true HoFH patients. True HoFH showed higher LDL-C levels compared to compound HoFH (16.8±3.6 mmol/L vs. 15.0±3.1 mmol/L, P = 0.022). During follow-up, only 21.2% patients exhibited an LDL-C reduction of more than 50%. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the true HoFH probands had significantly worse survival rates compared to other genotype probands (13-year survival; 20.3% vs. 76.7%, respectively; P = 0.016). In addition, true HoFH shows that 2.8-fold (P = 0.022) increase any death and 3.0-fold (P = 0.023) increase cardiovascular death risk in relative to other FH.ConclusionsThis report shows that HoFH has devastating consequences, and that patients are often only diagnosed after they have been exposed to severely elevated LDL-C for years. Systematic screening and early intensive treatment are an absolute requirement for these young individuals with HoFH.     

胃镜辅助下鼻空肠管置入及空肠营养在神经内科重症监护病房中的应用

目的探讨胃镜辅助下鼻空肠管置入及空肠营养在神经内科重症监护病房(NICU)中的应用价值。方法前瞻性分析该院NICU 2014年5月-2017年5月收治的重症脑血管病患者共56例。上述患者均于入院后72 h内发现胃残余量增多(100 ml)。鼻空肠组行床旁鼻胃镜导丝引导置入并行鼻空肠营养共28例,对照组继续给予普通胃管置入并行肠内营养共28例。对比两组患者胃肠道并发症(包括呕吐、反流、腹胀、腹泻、应激性溃疡)发生率、营养状态参数(包括血清白蛋白、前白蛋白、血红蛋白)、医院获得性肺炎(HAP)发生率、炎症指标[包括血白细胞计数(WBC)、降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)]、入住NICU时间、NICU费用、格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)、病死率。结果经鼻胃镜导丝引导下鼻空肠管置入成功率100.0%。鼻空肠组营养状态参数优于对照组,入住NICU时间较短、NICU费用较低,炎症指标较低,两组胃肠道并发症发生率、HAP发生率、GCS评分和病死率差异无统计学意义。结论对于NICU胃残余量增多的患者经胃镜辅助下置入鼻空肠管行空肠营养值得推荐。     

R(+)普拉克索对急性脑缺血大鼠脑损伤的保护作用

[摘要]　目的　研究R(+)普拉克索(R+PPX)对急性脑缺血大鼠体内氧自由基生成的影响,及其对急性脑缺血大鼠脑组织的保护作用。　方法　采用线栓法建立大鼠脑缺血2 h再灌注模型,抽签方法均分60只大鼠为3组：假手术（sham）组,中动脉栓塞（MCAO）组, R+PPX注射中动脉栓塞（R+PPX+MCAO）组。于再灌注8 h和24 h时,采用TTC磷酸盐染色、LOZEX-F图像扫描确定脑梗死体积,用新型荧光探针H2DCF-DA监测大鼠脑内氧自由基（ROS）阳性细胞数目。　结果 　（1）sham组大鼠未出现脑梗死,再灌注8 h和24 h时,MCAO、R+PPX+MCAO两组均出现脑梗死（P<0.05）。再灌注8 h时,R+PPX+MCAO组样本的脑梗死体积明显小于MCAO组（P<0.05）,但再灌注24 h时,MCAO、R+PPX+MCAO两组的脑梗死体积无明显差异。（3）再灌注8 h时,R+PPX+MCAO组的ROS阳性细胞数明显少于MCAO组（P<0.05）,但再灌注24 h时,这两组的ROS阳性细胞数差异无显著性意义。　结论　R+PPX干预可以明显减少再灌注早期脑缺血大鼠组织ROS细胞生成及减少脑梗死体积。     

Protective effect of gastrodin on bile duct ligation-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats

Gastrodin has been showed to possess many beneficial physiological functions, including protection against inflammation and oxidation and apoptosis. Studies showed inflammation and oxidation play important roles in producing liver damage and initiating hepatic fibrogenesis. However, it has not been reported whether gastrodin has a protective effect against hepatic fibrosis or not. This is first ever made attempts to test gastrodin against liver fibrosis in bile duct ligation (BDL) rats. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of gastrodin on BDL-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. BDL rats were divided into two groups, BDL alone group, and BDL-gastrodin group treated with gastrodin (5 mg/ml in drinking water). The effects of gastrodin on BDL-induced hepatic injury and fibrosis in rats were estimated by assessing serum, urine, bile and liver tissue biochemistry followed by liver histopathology (using hematoxylin & eosin and sirius red stain) and hydroxyproline content measurement. The results showed that gastrodin treatment significantly reduced collagen content, bile duct proliferation and parenchymal necrosis after BDL. The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) decreased with gastrodin treatment by 15.1 and 23.6 percent respectively in comparison to BDL group did not receive gastrodin. Gastrodin also significantly increased the level of serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) by 62.5 percent and down-regulated the elevated urine total bilirubin (TBIL) by 56.5 percent, but had no effect on total bile acid (TBA) in serum, bile and liver tissues. The immunohistochemical assay showed gastrodin remarkably reduced the expressions of CD68 and NF-κB in BDL rats. Hepatic SOD levels, depressed by BDL, were also increased by gastrodin by 8.4 percent. In addition, the increases of hepatic MDA and NO levels in BDL rats were attenuated by gastrodin by 31.3 and 38.7 percent separately. Our results indicate that gastrodin significantly attenuated the severity of BDL-induced hepatic injury and fibrosis by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation. Taken together, these findings suggest that gastrodin might be an effective antifibrotic drug in cholestatic liver disease.     

藤草煎治疗脑出血卒中后抑郁39例临床观察

目的探讨藤草煎治疗脑出血后抑郁的疗效。方法选取脑出血合并抑郁患者72例,随机分为对照组和治疗组,对照组给予氟哌噻吨美利曲辛治疗,治疗组给予藤草煎汤剂口服,分别于入选时、治疗3个月时采用神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)进行评价。结果治疗3个月时2组患者NIHSS评分和HAMD评分与治疗前比较均明显降低(P<0.05);治疗组NIHSS评分优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),HAMD评分与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论藤草煎治疗脑出血后抑郁具有明显的临床疗效。     

Toll样受体4及肿瘤坏死因子α在早产儿外周血水平及其与早产儿脑损伤预后的关系

目的观察早产儿出生时外周血Toll样受体4(Toll-like receptor 4,TLR-4)、肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)的水平及校正胎龄6个月龄时智力发育测试(CDCC)结果,探讨其在早产发生机制中的作用及其与早产儿脑损伤预后的关系,为预防早产及对脑损伤早期干预提供依据。方法新生儿120例,分为:足月儿40例、胎膜早破早产儿40例和特发性早产儿40例。采用ELISA检测新生儿外周静脉血中TLR-4、TNF-α的水平,校正胎龄达6个月时做婴幼儿CDCC。结果两组早产儿血清TLR-4、TNF-α水平均高于足月新生儿组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组早产儿血清TLR-4、TNF-α均呈正相关,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。随访CDCC异常者出生时外周血清中TLR-4、TNF-α水平明显高于正常者水平,二者比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论早产儿血清TLR-4、TNF-α水平均高于足月新生儿,提示细胞因子TLR-4、TNF-α的激活与胎膜早破早产、特发性早产分娩发动机制密切相关;TLR-4、TNF-α呈正相关性,提示TLR-4可能作为上游因子通过激活细胞因子TNF-α而发挥促进早产分娩的作用。早产儿出生时外周血中TLR-4、TNF-α水平可作为早期判断脑损伤预后的指标。